Jrchemistry Important Questions

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Jr. INTER CHEMISTRY

Important Questions
1. ATOMIC STRUCTURE (8 Marks)
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Long Answer type Questions
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What are the postulates of Bohr's model of hydrogen atom? Give any two
limitations of this model. Discuss the importance of this model to explain
various series of line spectra in Hydrogen atom.
2.
What are Quantum numbers? Explain the significance of quantum numbers.
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2. CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES (8 Marks)

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What are first and second Ionisation Enthalpy? Why I.E.2 > I.E.1 Explain four
factors influencing Ionisation Enthalpy?
2.
What is a periodic property? How the following properties vary in a group and
in a period?
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a) Atomic radius b) I.E. c) E.N. d) Nature of Oxides e) Electron gain enthalpy
3.
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Write an essay on s, p, d and f block elements.
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3. CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE (8 Marks)

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What do you understand by hybridization? Explain the different types of

hybridizations involving 's' and 'p' orbitals.
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Short Answer type Questions

1.
Give an account of VSEPR theory.
2.
Explain sp3d hybridization with one example.
3.
Explain sp3d2 hybridization with one example.
4.
Explain the formation of coordinate covalent bond with two examples.
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What is "Hydrogen bond"? Explain the different types of Hydrogen bonds with
suitable examples.
6.
Explain molecular orbital theory of oxygen molecule (& N2 molecule).

Calculate its bond order and explain its magnetic property.
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Very Short Answer type Questions
1.
What is "Octet rule"?
2.
Which of the two ions Ca+2 or Zn+2 is more stable and why?
3.
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in
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a) C2H2 and b) C2H4

4.
If A and B are two different atoms when does AB molecule become covalent?
5.
Boiling point of H2O is higher than HF. Why?
6.
Why H2O has dipole moment while CO2 does not have?
7.
Even though N in NH3 is in sp3 hybridizaiton, the HNH bond angle deviate
from 10928'. Why?
8.
Define dipole moment.
9.
NH3 has higher dipole moment compared to NF3. Why?
10.
Be - F bonds are polar, but dipole moment of BeF2 is zero. Why?
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4. STATES OF MATTER : GASES AND LIQUIDS (6 Marks)
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Write any four postulates of the kinetic molecular theory of gases.
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(Learn Boyle's Law and Dalton's Law also)

3.
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Derive "Charles law" and "Graham's law" of diffusion from kinetic gas
equation.
State and explain "Graham's law of diffusion".
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360 cm3 of CH4 gas diffused through a porus membrane in 15 minutes. Under
similar conditions, 120 cm3 of another gas diffused in 10 minutes. Find the
molar mass of the gas.
4.
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State and explain Dalton's Law of partial pressures.
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1.
Calculate kinetic energy of 5 moles of N2 at 27C.
2.
What is "Boltzmann's constant?" Give its values.
3.
Which of the gases diffuses faster among N2, O2 and CH4. Why?
4.
5.
Give the ratio of RMS, average and most probable speeds of gas molecules.
What is "surface tension"?
6.
What is "coefficient of viscosity"? Give its units.
7.
Find the rms, average and most probable speeds of O2 at 27C.
5. STOICHIOMETRY (6 Marks)
1.
Balance the following redox equation by ion - electron method taking place in
acidic medium.
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Cr2O72 + SO32 Cr+3 + SO42

Other reactions for practice:
Cr O 2 + NO Cr+3 + NO
2 7
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MnO4 + SO32 Mn+2 + SO42

SO42 + Br SO2 + Br2
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MnO42 + C2O42 Mn+2 + CO2
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MnO4 + Br MnO2 + BrO3

Balance the following redox equation by ion-electron method taking place in
basic medium.
OH
Cr(OH) + IO I + CrO 2
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Chemical analysis of a carbon compund, gave the following percentage

composition by weight of the elements present, Carbon = 10.06%, Hydrogen =
0.84%, Chlorine = 89.1%. Find the empirical formula of the compound.
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A carbon compound contains 12.8% Carbon, 2.1% Hydrogen, 85.1% Bromine.

The molecular weight of the compound is 187.9. Find the molecular formula.
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1.
What volume of CO2 is obtained at STP by heating 4 g of CaCO3?
2.
How many moles of glucose are present in 540 g of glucose?
3.
The empirical formula of a compund is CH2O. Its molecular weight is 90. Find
the molecular formula of the compound.
4.
Calculate the molarity of NaOH in the solution perpared by dissolving 4 g in

enough water to form 250 ml of the solution.
5.
Calculate the normality of oxalic acid containing 6.3 g of H2C2O4. 2 H2O in

500 ml of solution.
6.
Calculate the volume of O2 at STP required to completely burn 100 ml of

acetylene.
7.
8.
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What is disproportionation reaction? Give one example.

Assign oxidation number of the underlined elements of the following species.
a) H4P2 O7 b) K2Mn O4
6. THERMODYNAMICS (4 Marks)
1.
State and explain Hess's law of constant heat summation. Explain with one
example.
2.
State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its mathematical notation.
3.
Explain the terms
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a) Entropy b) Heat Capacity c) Enthalpy of formation and d) Enthalpy of

combustion.
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4.
Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH3OH (l) from the following
data.
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CH3OH (l) + O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l); r H() = 726 K.J. mol1
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C (graphite) + O2 (g) CO2 (g); rH(-) = 393 K.J.mol1
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H2 (g) +
O2 (g) H2O (l); fH(-) = 286 K.J. mol1.
2
1.
The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10. What will be the value of G(-)?
(R = 8.314 J.K.1 mol1, T = 300 K)
2.
Given N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g); H = -92.4 K.J. mol1.
What is the standard enthalpy of formation of NH gas?
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State 2nd & 3rd laws of thermodynamics.

What are "extensive and intensive properties?"
Give the equation that gives the relationship between U and H.
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7. CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ACIDS - BASES (6 Marks)

1.
Derive the relationship between kp and kc for the equilibrium reactions.
a) 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g)
2 SO3 (g) and
b) N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)
2 NH3 (g)
2.
State Le Chatlier's principle. Discuss the principle for the industrial synthesis of
NH3 (or SO3).
3.
Explain Lewis Acid - Base theory with suitable examples.
4.
Explain the concept of Bronsted acids and Bronsted bases.
5.
What is "Salt Hydrolysis"? Aqueous solution of NH4Cl is acidic where as
aqueous solution of CH3COONa is basic. Why? Explain.
6.
Explain the following.
a) Common ion effect b) Solubility product
7.
What are Buffer solutions? Classify with one example each.
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1.
Calculate pH of 0.05 M NaOH solution.
2.
Concentration of Hydrogen ion is 3.8 103 M. What is its pH?
3.
What is homogeneous equilibrium? Give two examples.
4.
What is heterogeneous equilibrium? Give 2 examples.
5.
What is the value of kw at room temperature? What are its units?
6.
Define pH. Calculate the pH of 0.05 M Ba(OH)2 aqueous solution.
7.
50 ml of 1 M CH3COOH solution, when added to 50 ml of 0.5 M NaOH gives
a solution with pH value 'x'. Find the value of 'x'. (pka of acetic acid is 4.8)
8.
The solubility of Ag2CrO4 is 1.3 104 mol L1. What is the solubility
product?
9.
What is the pH of 108 M HCl?
10. kc for the reaction, N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g) is 0.5 at 400 K. Find kp.
8. HYDROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS (4 Marks)
1.
What is hardness of water? Write i) ion - exchange method ii) Calgon's method
for the removal of permanent hardness of water.
2.
Write few lines on the utility of Hydrogen as a fuel.
3.
Write the chemical reactions to justify that hydrogen peroxide can function as
oxidising as well as reducing agent.
4.
Discuss with relevant chemical equations, various methods of preparing
hydrogen peroxide.
5.
Explain the terms
a) SYNGAS b) Coal gasification C) autoprotolysis and d) interstitial hydride.
9. THE s - BLOCK ELEMENTS (4 Marks)
1.
Why are alkali metals not found in a free state in nature?
2.
Give the reactions involved in Castner - Kellner process?
3.
Write about biological importance of Ca & Mg.
4.
Write about biological importance of Na+ & K+ ions.
5.
Write any two uses of Caustic soda.
6.
Why does the solubility of alkaline earth metal hydroxides in water increase
down the group?
7.
Why is gypsum added to cement?
8.
Write any two uses of Sodium Carbonate.
9.
Give two uses of Plaster of Paris.
10. Write the average composition of Portland cement.
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10. THE p - BLOCK ELEMENTS
GROUP - 13 (4 Marks)
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What is Borax? Explain the borax bead test with a suitable example.
2.
Explain the structure of Diborane.
3.
How does diborane react with

a) H2O
b) CO
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d) NH3,
c) N(CH3)3
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1.
What is inert pair effect? Why TlCl3 has higher stabilility?
2.
What is the hybridisation of B in a) diborane and b) borazine?
3.
Give the formula and strcuture of borazine. What is its common name?
4.
Sketch the structure of orthoboric acid.
5.
Can Conc. HNO3 be transported in aluminium container? Why?
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GROUP - 14 (4 Marks)
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2.
Explain the difference in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their
structure?
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Write a short note on a) Silicates and b) Zeolites.
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1.
Why is Carbon monoxide poisonous?
2.
What is allotropy? Give the crystalline allotropes of Carbon and mention the
hybridisation present in them.
3.
Why Diamond is hard?
4.
Graphite is a good conductor - explain.
5.
How does graphite function as a lubricant?
6.
SiO2 is solid while CO2 is a gas - explain.
7.
Write the use of ZSM 5.
8.
SiF62 is known while SiCl62 is not - explain.
9.
10.
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CO2 is useful as well as harmful - explain.

Diamond has high melting point - explain.
11.
What is 'synthesis gas'? How is it prepared?
12.
What is 'producer gas'? How is it prepared?
12. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (4 Marks)
1.
Define 'receptor' and 'sink'.
2.
Define 'BOD' and 'COD'.
3.
Define 'pollutant' and 'contaminant'.
4.
Define 'TLV' and 'Eutrophication'.
5.
Which oxides cause acid rain? What is its pH value?
6.
What are the effects of acid rains?
7.
What is Ozone hole? Where was it first observed?
8.
What is 'Green house effect'? and how is it caused?
9.
Give the possible BOD values of clean water and the polluted water.
10.
What is the dissolved Oxygen in pure cooled water?
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13. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES (10 Marks)
1.
Write about position isomerism and functional group isomerism.
2.
Discuss Markownikov's rule and Kharash effect.
3.
Write the possible conformations of ethane and explain which is more stable?
4.
Explain "Wurtz reaction" and "Friedel Crafts Alkylation" with one example.
5.
Describe two methods of preparation of ethylene. Give the equations.
6.
Give equations for the reactions of ethylene with the following.
a) Ozone
b) Hypohalous acid
c) Cold & Dil. KMnO4 and
d) Heated with O2 at high pressure.
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7.
Describe two methods of preparation of acetylene. Give the equations.
8.
Give equation for the reactions of acetylene with the following.

a) Water
b) Ozone
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C) Hydrogen halide and
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d) Ammonical AgNO3 and Cu2Cl2.

9.
Describe two methods of prepration of Benzene. Give the equations.
10.
Give equation for the reactions of benzene with
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a) Conc. HNO3 + Conc. H2SO4
b) CH3Cl + Anhyd. AlCl3
c) CH3COCl + Anhyd. AlCl3 and
d) Cl2 + Anhyd. AlCl3
Explain the following.
a) Inductive effect
b) Mesomeric effect
c) Resonance effect and d) Hyper conjugation.
12.
Complete the following reaction and name the products A, B and C.

H2O
hot metal tube
AlCl3 + CH3Cl
CaC2
A B
C
13.
Name the products A, B and C formed in the following reactions. Give the
equations for the reactions.
Alc. KOH
Br2
Br2/ CCl4
Ethylene A B C
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1.
Write the structural formulae of the following compounds:

a) Trichloroethanoic acid
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b) Neo - pentane
Write IUPAC names of the following:
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CH3
a)H3C C CH CH2 CH3
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CH3 CH3
CH3
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b) H3C C CH2 COOH
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CH3
3.
Write IUPAC names of the following:

O
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4.
Discuss Lassaigne's test.
5.
Explain the principle of Chromatography.
6.
What are a) Electrophiles and b) Nucleophiles.
7.
Write structures and IUPAC names of any two different structural isomers of
alkenes corresponding to C5H10.
8.
Draw cis and trans isomers of the compound CHCl = CHCl.
9.
Write the E and Z configuration of an alkene contains on carbons at double bond

Cl, Br and CH2 CH2 OH, CH(CH3)2.
10.
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What is geometrical isomerism? Write geometrical isomers of 2 - butene.
(Note: Though there is no blue print, marks in the bracket were given according to
latest exam papers).
Prepared by A.N.S. Sankara Rao, Senior Lecturer.

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www.eenadupratibha.

Jr. INTER CHEMISTRY

Long Answer type Questions

What are Quantum numbers? Explain the significance of quantum numbers.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES (8 Marks)

a) Atomic radius b) I.E. c) E.N. d) Nature of Oxides e) Electron gain enthalpy

Write an essay on s, p, d and f block elements.

3. CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE (8 Marks)

What do you understand by hybridization? Explain the different types of

Short Answer type Questions

Give an account of VSEPR theory.

Explain sp3d hybridization with one example.

Explain sp3d2 hybridization with one example.

Explain the formation of coordinate covalent bond with two examples.

Explain molecular orbital theory of oxygen molecule (& N2 molecule).

What is "Octet rule"?

How many sigma and pi bonds are present in

a) C2H2 and b) C2H4

Boiling point of H2O is higher than HF. Why?

Define dipole moment.

NH3 has higher dipole moment compared to NF3. Why?

Be - F bonds are polar, but dipole moment of BeF2 is zero. Why?

4. STATES OF MATTER : GASES AND LIQUIDS (6 Marks)

Short Answer type Questions

Write any four postulates of the kinetic molecular theory of gases.

(Learn Boyle's Law and Dalton's Law also)

State and explain Dalton's Law of partial pressures.

Very Short Answer type Questions

Calculate kinetic energy of 5 moles of N2 at 27C.

What is "Boltzmann's constant?" Give its values.

What is "coefficient of viscosity"? Give its units.

Find the rms, average and most probable speeds of O2 at 27C.

Cr2O72 + SO32 Cr+3 + SO42

MnO4 + SO32 Mn+2 + SO42

MnO42 + C2O42 Mn+2 + CO2

MnO4 + Br MnO2 + BrO3

Chemical analysis of a carbon compund, gave the following percentage

A carbon compound contains 12.8% Carbon, 2.1% Hydrogen, 85.1% Bromine.

Very Short Answer type Questions

What volume of CO2 is obtained at STP by heating 4 g of CaCO3?

How many moles of glucose are present in 540 g of glucose?

Calculate the molarity of NaOH in the solution perpared by dissolving 4 g in

Calculate the normality of oxalic acid containing 6.3 g of H2C2O4. 2 H2O in

Calculate the volume of O2 at STP required to completely burn 100 ml of

What is disproportionation reaction? Give one example.

State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its mathematical notation.

Explain the terms

a) Entropy b) Heat Capacity c) Enthalpy of formation and d) Enthalpy of

State 2nd & 3rd laws of thermodynamics.

7. CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ACIDS - BASES (6 Marks)

Short Answer type Questions

Explain the structure of Diborane.

How does diborane react with

Very Short Answer type Questions

What is inert pair effect? Why TlCl3 has higher stabilility?

What is the hybridisation of B in a) diborane and b) borazine?

Sketch the structure of orthoboric acid.

Can Conc. HNO3 be transported in aluminium container? Why?

Short Answer type Questions

Write a short note on a) Silicates and b) Zeolites.

Very Short Answer type Questions

Why is Carbon monoxide poisonous?

Why Diamond is hard?

Graphite is a good conductor - explain.