Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
RELATIONS
BY: GROUP I BS ECE 1-2
SUBMITTED TO: MR. JULIUS JAPA
Foreign Policy
Definition by Different Scholars
Prof. Tailor - Foreign policy of a sort which will go on so long as are sovereign
states
George Madlikosi - Foreign policy is the systematic activities evolved by
communities for changing the behavior of other states for adjusting their own
activities in an international environment
Prof. Joseph Framkel Foreign policy consists of decisions and actions which
involves to some appreciable extent relations between state and others
Rodee Foreign policy involves the implementation of a group principles
which shape the behavior pattern of a state which negotiating with other
states to protect or further its interest
Foreign Policy An
Overview
Is the combination of rules, regulations and principles through which an independent state
establish relationship with other states.
The principles of foreign policy aren't perpetual, but some of them holds prime importance
In international relations there is no enduring animosity or friendship, but the national interest
Foreign policy not only affects neighboring countrys but also neighboring countries accept its
affect.
In today's world where distance has shrink and world now has become global village. What's
the impact of globalization on countries ?
An impact of any incident happening in one country will left it effect on another country.
However, its another side of the story that this particular change may leave little or major
change affect on another country.
For instance: Khalistan movement
REQUIREMENTS OF FOREIGN
POLICY
Constitutional Requirements for Foreign Policy
Limitations
The President may contract or guarantee foreign loans on behalf of the Republic
of the Philippines with the prior concurrence of the Monetary Board; and
Subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.
Sec. 21. No treaty or international agreement shall be valid and
effective unless concurred in by at least two-thirds of all the Members
of the Senate.
Limitations
Power to negotiate treaties and other international agreements
Power to appoint ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls.
Power to receive ambassadors and other public ministers accredited to the
Philippines.
Power to contract and guarantee foreign loans on behalf of the Republic
Power to deport aliens
United Nations
Created in 1945, the is responsible for much of the current
framework of the international law.
International Law
Is the set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations.
International law differs from state-based legal systems in that it is primarily applicable to countries rather than to
private citizens.
National law may become international law when treaties delegate national jurisdiction to supranational tribunals.
Three Distinct Legal Disciplines
Public international law, which governs the relationship between states and international entities. (Treaty of Law,
Law Of Sea, International Criminal Law, The Laws Of War Or International Humanitarian Law, International Human
Rights Law, And Refugee Law.)
Private international law, which addresses the questions of which jurisdiction may hear a case, and the law
concerning which jurisdiction applies to the issues in the case.
Supranational law, which concerns regional agreements where the laws of nation states may be held inapplicable
when conflicting with a supranational legal system when that nation has a treaty obligation to a supranational
collective.
Two Traditional Branches of the Field
Jus gentium- Law of nations
Jus inter gentes- Agreements between nations.
UN/United Nations
UNESCO/TheUnited Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization
Its purpose is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international
collaboration through education, science, and culture in order to further
universal respect for justice, therule of law, andhuman rightsalong with
fundamentalfreedomproclaimed in theUN Charter.It is the heir of
theLeague of Nations'International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation.
World Heath
Organization
TheWHOis the directing and coordinating authority for health within the
United Nations system. It is responsible for providing leadership on global
health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and
standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical
support to countries, and monitoring and assessing health trends..
ASEAN
is ageo-politicaland economic organization of ten countries located
inSoutheast
Asia,
which
was
formed
on
8
August
1967
byIndonesia,Malaysia, thePhilippines,Singaporeand Thailand.Since then,
membership
has
expanded
to
includeBrunei,Burma
(Myanmar),Cambodia,Laos,
andVietnam.
Its
aims
include
acceleratingeconomic growth,social progress, cultural development among
its members, protection of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for
member countries to discuss differences peacefully.
Latin Union
is
aninternational
organizationof
nations
that
useRomance languages, with the aim of protecting,
projecting, and promoting the common cultural heritage
ofLatin peoplesand unifying identities of theLatin, and
Latin-influenced, world. It was created in 1954
inMadrid,Spain, and has existed as a functional institution
since 1983. Its membership has risen from 12 to 36 states,
including
countries
inNorth
America,South
America,Europe,Africa, and theAsia-Pacificregion.
SEATO
was
aninternational
organizationforcollective
defenseinSoutheast
Asiacreated by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, orManila
Pact, signed in September 1954 inManila,Philippines. The formal institution
of SEATO was established on 19 February 1955 at a meeting of treaty
partners inBangkok, Thailand. The organization's headquarters were also in
Bangkok. Eight members joined the organization.
Primarily created to block furthercommunistgains in Southeast Asia, SEATO
is generally considered a failure because internal conflict and dispute
hindered general use of the SEATO military; however, SEATO-funded
cultural and educational programs left long-standing effects in Southeast
Asia. SEATO was dissolved on 30 June 1977 after many members lost
interest and withdrew.
Non-Aligned Movement
Economically participant:
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Asian Development Bank,
Colombo Plan
World Bank,
World Trade Organization(WTO).
APEC
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) is a forum for 21Pacific
Rimcountries (formally Member Economies) that seeks to promotefree trade
and economic cooperation throughout theAsia-Pacificregion. It was
established in 1989 in response to the growing interdependence of AsiaPacific economies and the advent of regionaltrade blocsin other parts of the
world; to fears thathighly industrializedJapan (a member ofG8) would come
to dominate economic activity in the Asia-Pacific region; and to establish new
markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe (where
demand had been declining).
Colombo Plan
is a regional organization that embodies the concept of
collective inter-governmental effort to strengthen economic
and social development of member countries in theAsiaPacificregion. The primary focus of all Colombo Plan
activities is on human resources development.
World Bank
TheWorld Bankis aninternational financial institutionthat
providesloans todeveloping countriesforcapital programs.
The World Bank's official goal is thereduction of poverty.
According to its Articles of Agreement (as amended
effective 16 February 1989), all its decisions must be
guided by a commitment to the promotion offoreign
investmentandinternational tradeand to the facilitation
ofcapital investment.
HISTORY:
Introduction:
United nations (UN), international organization of countries
created promote world peace and cooperation. The UN was
founded after 2nd world war which was ended in 1945. Its
mission is to maintain world peace, develop worlds problems
and encourage respect for human rights.
FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918):
After the end of 1st world war it was realized that how horrible
and destructive was this war for the mankind and its roaming
generations.
SECOND WORLD WAR (1939-1945):
The second world war took place which proceed more
destructive and dangers for the life of common man on the
world level.
ESTABLISHMENT OF UNO
The united nations officially came into
existence on 24th October 1945, when the
charter had been ratified by CHINA, FRANCE
. The soviet union the UK , the USA and by a
majority of other signatories.
General Assembly
United Nations Composed of all
United Nations member states,
the
assembly meets in regular yearly
sessions under a president elected
from among the member states.
Security Council
The Security Council is charged with
maintaining peace and security among
countries. The Security Council has the
power to make binding decisions that
member governments have agreed to
carry out, under the terms of Charter
Article 25.
Secretariat:
The United Nations Secretariat Building at
the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. It
carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security
Council, the UN General Assembly, the UN Economic
and Social Council, and other UN bodies.
Secretary-General
The
Secretariat
is
headed
by
the
Secretary-General, who acts as the de facto
spokesperson and leader of the UN. The current
Secretary-General is Ban Ki-moon, who took over
from Kofi Annan in 2007 and has been elected for a
second term to conclude at the end of 2016.