IS (E) - plates and weathering review

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____

1. Earthquake waves are called ____.

a. seismic waves
b. convergent waves

c. divergent waves
d. wave amplitudes

____

2. The Richter scale is based on measurements of the ____ of a seismic wave.

a. speed
b. frequency
c. intensity
d. amplitude

____

3. When a volcano erupts, the molten material that flows onto Earths surface is called ____.
a. magma
b. fissures
c. rifts
d. lava

____

4. Molten rock beneath Earths surface is called ____.

a. magma
b. tephra
c. lava

____

5. At a transform plate boundary, ____.

a. plates grind past each other
b. plates diverge

d. pyroclasts

c. plates converge
d. hot spots form

____

6. At a divergent plate boundary, ____.

a. one plate slides under another plate
b. plates move apart
c. the edge of one plate melts and becomes magma

____

7. The layer on which the tectonic plates move is the ____.

a. mantle
b. crust

c. core

Use the diagram to answer the questions.

____
____

8. Which point marks the epicenter of the earthquake?

a. A
b. B
9. What is true about the focus?

c. C

a.
b.
c.
d.

It is the point where the most surface damage will occur.

It is the point where the surface waves originate and spread out.
It is the point where the waves are attracted.
It is the point of failure where the waves originate.

____ 10. Seismologists have assessed a particular area and predict that an earthquake occurs every 17 years in that
area. If the last earthquake occurred in 1998, when will the next earthquake most likely occur?
a. 2010
b. 2015
c. 2017
d. 2025
____ 11. Soil is a mixture of weathered rock, mineral fragments, water, air and ____.
a. sand
c. moss
b. decayed organic matter
d. clay
____ 12. All of the following cause mechanical weathering EXCEPT ____.
a. ice
b. tree roots
c. burrowing animals d. carbonic acid
____ 13. Mechanical weathering ____.
a. breaks apart rocks by physical processes
b. occurs when chemical reactions dissolve or change the minerals in rocks
c. occurs when iron is exposed to oxygen and water
d. none of the above
____ 14. Chemical weathering ____.
a. is caused by freezing and thawing
b. breaks apart rocks by physical processes
c. occurs when chemical reactions dissolve or change the minerals in rocks
d. none of above
____ 15. In areas where freezing and thawing occur frequently, rocks weather rapidly because of the ____ of freezing
water.
a. evaporation
b. expansion
c. leaching
d. oxidation
____ 16. The entire land area drained by a stream is called the drainage ____.
a. point
b. bar
c. basin

d. fan

____ 17. A ____ is formed by sediment deposited where a stream empties into a gulf or a bay.
a. fan
b. delta
c. braid
d. floodplain
____ 18. The oldest rock layer in an undisturbed rock sequence occurs ____.
a. at the bottom of the sequence
c. below the unconformity
b. below the sedimentary rock layer
d. at the top of the sequence
Matching
Match each term with the description below.
a. transform
b. epicenter
c. rifts

d. divergent
e. convergent
f. focus

____

1. point located above an earthquake focus

____

2. long cracks formed as a result of plates that are moving apart

____

3. boundary where plates collide

____

4. boundary where plates grind past each other

____

5. point inside Earth where the first movement of an earthquake occurs and energy is released
Match the type of erosion with what its sediment forms.
a. moraines
d. sand bars
b. disorganized sediment structures
e. dunes
c.
deltas

____

6. glaciers

____

7. running water

____

8. wind

____

9. mass wasting

____ 10. waves

Completion
Complete each statement.
1. The difference between the arrival times of ____________________ waves and ____________________
waves at a recording station helps scientists determine the distance from the epicenter of an earthquake.
2. Cone-shaped hills or mountains that throw out magma, solids, and gas are ____________________.
3. Much of Earths surface is covered not by solid rock, but by ____________________.
4. Landslides, moving water, wind, and glaciers cause ____________________ of surface materials.
5. Eroded soil can enter ____________________, causing them to fill up with sediment.
6. The 5 types of erosion are wind, waves, mass wasting, _________, and _______ _______.
Short Answer
1. Compare and contrast focus and epicenter.
Figure A

2. Which letter represents the newest layer and explain how you know.
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____

1. All volcanoes form at plate boundaries.

____

2. Because of this volcanos explosive nature, it is potentially dangerous to humans and the environment.

Essay
1. Choose and discuss two of the three pieces of evidence cited in your book as proof that Earths continents
were once part of a large super-continent which broke into pieces.

2.

Give examples of chemical and physical weathering we see here in Durango.

IS (E) - plates and weathering review

Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
REF:
2. ANS:
REF:
3. ANS:
REF:
4. ANS:
REF:
5. ANS:
REF:
6. ANS:
REF:
7. ANS:
REF:
8. ANS:
REF:
9. ANS:
REF:
10. ANS:
REF:
11. ANS:
REF:
12. ANS:
REF:
13. ANS:
REF:
14. ANS:
REF:
15. ANS:
REF:
16. ANS:
REF:
17. ANS:
REF:
18. ANS:
REF:

A
p. 782
D
p. 784
D
p. 776 | p. 791
A
p. 778 | p. 791
A
p. 778
B
p. 778
A
p. 777 | p. 790
C
p. 786
D
p. 782
B
p. 786
B
p. 850
D
p. 847
A
p. 847
C
p. 849
B
p. 848
C
p. 855
B
p. 857
A
p. 870

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 4|DOK 3

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 5|DOK 3

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK 3

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

MATCHING
1. ANS: B
REF: p. 782

2. ANS:
REF:
3. ANS:
REF:
4. ANS:
REF:
5. ANS:
REF:
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

C
p. 778
E
p. 778
A
p. 778
B
p. 782

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

PTS: 1

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

A
C
E
B
D

PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:

1
1
1
1
1

COMPLETION
1. ANS:
primary, secondary
secondary, primary
PTS: 1
2. ANS: volcanoes

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 2

REF: p. 786

PTS: 1
3. ANS: sediments

DIF: DOK 1|Bloom's Level 1

REF: p. 777

PTS: 1
4. ANS: erosion

DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK 1

REF: p. 854

PTS: 1
5. ANS: streams

DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK 1

REF: p. 854

PTS: 1
DIF: DOK 2|Bloom's Level 2
6. ANS: glaciers, running water

REF: p. 855

PTS: 1
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
An earthquakes focus is the point of failure of rocks at depth. The epicenter is the point on Earths surface
directly above the focus.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:
K

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK 3

REF: p. 782

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 6|DOK 4

REF: p. 870

TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS:
REF:
2. ANS:
REF:

F
p. 777
F
p. 795

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK 1

PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK 1

ESSAY
1. ANS:
Answers may vary. Student can choose and discuss how the coastlines match up as though they were once
combined, how matching fossils of large land animals and plants are found on various continents, or how
similar rock types are found on different continents and mountain chains seem to follow from one continent to
the next.
Score
Description
4
Student selects two of the three pieces of evidence to discuss and gives clear
explainations as to why they can be used to justify that the continents were once
connected.
3
Student selects two of the three pieces of evidence to discuss. Discussion as to why
they can be used as proof that the continents were once connected is limited.
2
Student selects one of the three pieces of evidence to discuss. Student does give a
clear explanation as to why it can be used as proof that the continents were once
connected.
1
Student selects one of the three pieces of evidence to discuss. Student does not
provide clear discussion as to why it can be used as proof that the continents were
once connected.
0
Students response it totally incorrect or irrelevant.
Blank No student response.
PTS: 1
DIF: DOK 4|Bloom's Level 5
2. ANS:
frost wedging on Perins Peak = mechanical
acid rain erosion of Rank Park sign = chemical
PTS: 1

REF: p. 773