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TECHNICAL NOTE
CHLORINE SCRUBBING
1.0
Chlorine Scrubbing
Atomic weight
Melting point
Boiling point
35.45
-101o C
-34.9 o C
1.1
Reactions of Cl2
1.1.1
Dissolution
1.1.2
Alkaline Scrubbing
a.
Cl2 + 2 XOH
< 20o C
XCl + XOCl + H2O
chloride
hypochlorite
75o C
3 Cl2 + 6 XOH 5 XCl + XClO3 + 3 H2 O
b.
chlorate
Therefore, scrubbing reaction depends on temperature. XOCl solutions are stable below room
temperature and reasonably pure solutions can be prepared. The disproportionation reaction to ClO 3 is slower than for bromine and requires a temperature of >75o C to give good yields.
The stoichiometry is similar for both reactions i.e. 2 moles XOH per mole Cl2
Further disproportionation can take place but it is slow even at 100o C
4 ClO3 - Cl- + 3 ClO4 -
c.
perchlorate
The reactions outlined above take place with NaOH and KOH.
1.1.3
Solubilities
NaCl
NaClO
NaClO3
NaClO4
KCl
KClO
KClO3
KClO4
Solubility in water @ 0 o C
g/l
357
260
790
1700
276
?
33
7.5
MNL201 4/99
Page 2 of 3
1.2
Heat of Reaction
1.2.1
NaOH Liquor
Heats of formation, Hf @25o C
a.
Cl2 + 2 NaOH
Cl2 (g)
NaOH (aq)
NaCl (aq)
NaOCl (aq)
NaClO 3 (aq)
NaClO 4 (aq)
H2 O (l)
0 kcal/mole
-112.19
-97.32
-82.8
-78.42
-97.66
-68.32
NaCl + NaOCl + H2 O
3 Cl2 + 6 NaOH
5 NaCl + NaClO 3 + 3 H2 O
KOH Liquor
Heats of formation, Hf @25o C
a.
Cl2 + 2 KOH
Cl2 (g)
KOH (aq)
KCl (aq)
KOCl (aq)
KClO3 (aq)
KClO 4 (aq)
H2 O (l)
0 kcal/mole
-114.96
-100.16
-86
estimated
- 81.34
- 101.14
- 68.32
KCl + KOCl + H 2O
MNL201 4/99
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