English - Regular and Irregular Verbs

Simple Present ( Do and Does )
Used to describe habitual actions, routine and for opinions and beliefs.
3rd PERSON SINGULAR VERB PRONUNCIATION RULES FOR THE SIMPLE PRESENT
The auxiliaries are only used in questions, and in the negative form + not.
I,you,we,you,they He, she and it Sound Reason

CALL CALLS /Z/ VOICED - VIBRATION
WORK WORKS /S/ VOICELESS – NO VIBRATION
DRESS DRESSES /IZ/ SS
WATCH WATCHES /IZ/ CH
BRUSH BRUSHES /IZ/ SH
FIX FIXES /IZ/ X
STUDY STUDIES /IZ/ Y PRECEDED BY CONSONANT
Simple Past ( Did )

Used with definite past time and completed past actions
The auxiliary is only used in questions, and in the negative form + not.
Regular Verbs
Base Form Simple Past
STUDY STUDIED
TRAVEL TRAVELED
LIKE LIKED
NEED NEEDED
WANT WANTED
WORK WORKED
Irregular Verbs
Base Form Simple Past
BUY BOUGHT
DO DID
SPEAK SPOKE
DRINK DRANK
EAT ATE
GO WENT
Pronunciation rules for the regular verbs in the simple past.

Voiceless Voiced T and D Sounds
Passed /t/ Opened /d/ Wanted /id /
Missed /t/ Learned /d/ Needed /id /
Danced /t/ Traveled /d/ Studied /id /
ECL ENGLISH COURSE 2
Future ( Will )
Used to indicate promises, threats, inevitability, desire, unplanned things (you have just decided),
predictions based on nothing and in the negative refusal.
Conditional ( Would )
Used to refer to a situation that you can imagine happening:
I would hate to miss the show. Used with if in conditional sentences. Used as a more polite form of will
in requests and offers.
Used to refer to future time from the point of view of the past:
He said he would see his brother tomorrow.
Used to refer to an intention from the point of view of the past:

He said he would always love her.
Present Continuous
( To be Present + Verb ING form )
Used to refer to actions in progress in the present.
The Present Continuous may also give the idea of near future:
e.g.: I’m traveling tomorrow morning.
Past Continuous
( To be Past + Verb ING form )
Used to refer to actions in progress in the past.
Immediate Future
Used for planned things;
It is common when we predict the future by using present evidence, or based on information.;
To be certain or expected to happen in the future;
To intend to do or be something in the future.
Future in the Past

Describes something that was planned but didn't happen or won’t happen anymore, or the contrary,
something that was not planned but happened or will happen.

THERE TO BE
Simple present
There is a party tonight.
There are many students at ECL.
Simple Past
(There + Verb to be in the Past)
There was a party tonight.
There were many students at ECL.
Future (will)
There will be a party tonight.
There will be many students at ECL.
Would
There would be a party tonight.
There would be many students at ECL.

Immediate Future
(Verb to be in the Present + going to)
There is going to be a party tonight.
There are going to be many students at ECL.
Future in the Past

(Verb to be in the Past + going to)
There was going to a party tonight.

be
There were going to many students at ECL.
be
There to be + Modal Verbs and in the Perfect Tenses
There can be a solution for this problem.
There could be a game here tomorrow.
There can be classes next Friday.
There could be a concert in Rio next weekend.
There should be another meeting next week.
There must be an explanation for this.
There mustn’t be concerts here.
There have been many accidents here lately.
There has been much work here recently.
There had been a situation like that before.
There must have been beautiful girls at the party.
There could have been a reason for that.
There should have been another party like that.

Modal Verbs
May I open the It is too hot Permission - Formal

window? here!
Can I open the It is too hot Permission - Informal
window? here!
Could I open the It is too hot Permission - Polite
window? here!
Can you drive well? Ability Present or
Future
Could you speak three Ability Past or
English months Conditional
ago?
Should she drive less and walk Recommendation
more?
Must he finish all his today? Obligation
homework
Yes/No you may/may not open the

window.
Yes/No you can/can’t open the
window.
Yes/No you could/couldn’t open the
window.
Yes/No I/we can/can’t drive well.
Yes/No I/we could/couldn’t speak three months

English ago.
Yes/No she should/shouldn’t drive less and walk
more.
Yes/No he must/ doesn’t finish all his today.
have to(need to) homework

Expressing the same idea:
Should Ought to
Must Have to
Expressing Possibility
May Strong possibility- affirmatives For questions we use the expression

and negatives to be + likely
Might Weak possibility- affirmatives and Are you likely to travel?
negatives
Possibility-affirmatives, negatives It can be a good idea.
Can Can she come here tomorrow?
and interrogatives (informal) Do you think she can win?
Could Slight or uncertain possibility. It could be a good idea.
Asking Favors
Can Informal Can you help me with the homework?

Could Formal Could I trouble you to open the window?
Prohibition
Mustn`t You mustn`t park your car here!

The Perfect Tenses Part I
# 1. Pres. Perf. Something that

Have you worked hard lately? started in the past and comes up to
the present.
# 1. Pres. Perf. 3rd person singular.
Has he gotten good grades recently?
# 2. Pres. Perf. Indefinite Past

Have you sold your car? Time.

Has he moved?
# 3. Pres. Perf. Used with periods of

Have you eaten a lot today? time not finished at the moment of
speaking. The action may repeat or
continue.
Has he traveled this
month?
Pres. Perf. Cont. Something that
Have you been studying this started in the past and comes up to
hard semester? now. It is also used to give emphasis.
Pres. Perf. Cont. 3rd person singular.
Has she been doing her
homework?
Past Perf. Used when we want to refer
Had they already the house when you to a past action that happened before
painted arrived? another one.
Past Perf. 3rd person singular.
Had she left home when you
arrived?
Past Perf. Cont. Used when we want
to refer to a past action that was
Had you been working when she completed or interrupted before
out arrived? another one. It is also used to give
emphasis.
trying to when you Past Perf. Cont. 3rd person singular.
Had she been hide this found out
secret the truth?

Yes/No I/we have / haven’t worked hard lately.
Yes/No he has / hasn’t gotten good recently.

grades
Yes/No I/we have / haven’t sold my/our

car.
Yes/No he has / hasn’t moved.
Yes/No I/we have / haven’t eaten a lot today.
Yes/No he has / hasn’t traveled this month.
Yes/No I/we have / haven’t been studying this

hard semester.
Yes/No she has / hasn’t been doing her

homework.
Yes/No they had / hadn’t already the house when I/we

painted arrived.
Yes/No she had / hadn’t left home when I/we

arrived.
Yes/No I/we had / hadn’t been working when she

out arrived.
trying to when I/we
Yes/No she had / hadn’t been hide this found out
secret the truth.

How long have you worked here? I’ve worked here for three months.
How long have you worked here? I’ve worked here since January.
Present Perfect Usage

Have you ever fallen in love? Used in questions – Uncommon things
This is the best food I have ever eaten. or in affirmatives to emphasize.
Yes I have already fallen in love. Used in affirmative answers to confirm
an “ever” question or to emphasize.
No I haven’t fallen in love yet. Used when the answer is negative but
there is intention of doing.
No I have never fallen in love. Used when the answer is negative and
there’s no intention of doing.
Yes I have just fallen in love Used to say that something happened
now, very soon, or very recently
The Perfect Tenses Part II
Fut. Perf. Used to describe an

What will you have done by the end of action which, at some time in the
the year? future, will be past or completed.
if they had Cond. Perf. Unreal past situation
Whom would you have gone invited you for
with the party?
have Possibility in the past weaker than
What may happened it is not here on MUST HAVE.
to the the desk.
book?
Cond. Perf. Unreal past situation
What might have if he had or Criticism (You might have told
happened jumped out of me about that!). Possibility in the
to him the window? past weaker than MUST HAVE.
Cond. Perf. Slight or uncertain
What could have if you hadn’t possibility in the past. Unreal past
happened turned down situation. Criticism (You could
that proposal? have helped me!)
have Recommendation
Whom should you talked to? (past action)
have left Strong probability or Conclusion

Where must she her purse? of a past action.

Active Voice
I do exercises every day.
Jane cleans the house on Mondays.
Mark and painted the house last summer.

Paul
They will fix the car tomorrow.
He would invite her for the party.
They are organizing the books at the library.
We were doing the dishes a few minutes ago.
He is going to fix breakfast as soon he gets up.
He was going to set the table when she called him out.
I have read that book since last week.
She has prepared cakes since she went on vacation.
They had already set up the restaurant when you decided to lend them
the money.
I will have corrected those tests by the end of the week.
She would have called him if she’d had his

phone number.
I could have fixed the car if they had
brought it to me.
She should have canceled the meeting yesterday.
They must have found a solution for that

problem.

Passive Voice
Exercises are done (by me) every day.
The house is cleaned by Jane on Mondays.
The house was painted by Mark and Paul last summer.
The car will be fixed (by them) tomorrow.
She would be invited (by him) for the party.
The books are being organized (by them) at the library.
The dishes were being done (by us) a few minutes ago.
Breakfast is going to be (by him) as soon he gets up.

fixed
The table was going to be (by him) when she called him out.
set
That book has been read (by me) since last week.
Cakes have been (by her) since she went on vacation.

prepared
The had been set up (by them) when you decided to lend them
restaurant already the money.
Those tests will have been (by me) by the end of the week.
corrected
He would been called if she’d had his phone number.
have
The car could have been fixed if they had brought it to me.
The meeting should been (by her) yesterday.

have canceled
A solution must have been found (by them).
SENTENCES WITH DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECT - Passive voice

She was sent some flowers (by him).
He gave her some flowers.
Some flowers were sent to her (by him).

TO BE ABLE TO
Long Answers
What are you able to do right now?
Were you able to drive when you were 18 years

old?
Will he be able to lift those heavy boxes?
Would you be able to back her up in case I die?
Are you going to be able to finish the project this afternoon?
Was she going to be able to graduate high school in the end of the year?
Should you be able to analyze the situation?
Right now I/we am/are able to solve this problem.
Yes I/we was/were able to drive when I/we was/were

No wasn’t/weren’t 18 years old.
Yes he will be able to lift those heavy boxes.
No won’t
Yes I/we would be able to back her up in case you die.
No wouldn’t
Yes I/we am/are going to to finish the project this afternoon.
No am not/aren’t be able
Yes she was going to to graduate high in the end of the
No wasn’t be able school year.
Yes I/we should be able to analyze the situation.
No shouldn’t

Special Verbs
Verbs followed either by - ING FORM or INFINITIVE -- different ideas.
Verbs INFINITIVE - ING FORM
REMEMBER Refers to an action that Refers to an action which
comes afterwards. happened beforehand.
Examples: I always remember to do that. I can’t remember doing that.
FORGET Refers to an action that comes Refers to an action which
afterwards. happened beforehand.
Examples: I always forget to do that. I can’t forget doing that.
STOP Refers to the interruption of Refers to the ending of an action.
an action in order to perform
another.
Examples: I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking.
MEAN Means intend. Means involve.
Examples: When she said that, did she Loving her means having
really mean to stay here? problems.
Verbs of Perception
Means that one observes the Means that one observes the
entire action. action in progress.
SEE I saw him cross the street. I saw him crossing the street.
HEAR I heard somebody groan. I heard somebody groaning.
NOTICE I noticed her stare at him. I noticed her staring at him.
Verbs followed by - ING FORM

Verb + - ING Verb + POSSESSIVE + - ING
They denied cutting down those trees. He didn’t understand her turning
down his proposal.
admit* appreciate
avoid excuse
can’t help explain
consider prevent
deny understand
enjoy
finish
mind
postpone
recommend*
regret
suggest*

Verbs of thinking, attitudes, opinions or expressing emotions and possession are not
used in Continuous Tenses (Progressive Forms).
believe need
belong own
contain prefer
forget realize
hate remember
like suppose
love understand
matter
Some verbs have progressive forms with one meaning but not with another. The
following do not usually have progressive forms:
have (=”possess”) see (=”understand”)

appear (=”seem”) think (=”have the opinion that”)
look (=”seem”) feel (=”have the opinion that”)
Verbs followed either by - ING FORM or INFINITIVE – no change of meaning.

BEGIN He began to work yesterday. He began working yesterday.
START He started to work yesterday. He started working yesterday.
CONTINUE He continued to talk. He continued talking.
HATE She hates to go shopping. She hates going shopping.
LIKE I like to swim. I like swimming.
LOVE I love to read. I love reading.

GET
TO ARRIVE I always get home at about 10 to 11:00 P.M

TO BUY I need to get some food.
TO OBTAIN He won’t get what he wants doing this.
TO RECEIVE She got red roses on her birthday.
TO BECOME The teacher got really mad when I told him that.
TO UNDERSTAN OR HEAR STH I didn’t get what he said.
TO TRAVEL SOMEWHERE IN A We’ll get a taxi to the station.
TRAIN, BUS OR OTHER VEHICLE. Which bus do I need to get?
Contracted Forms
WILL WOULD TO BE (PRESENT) HAVE HAD

I’LL I’D I’M I’VE I’D
YOU’LL YOU’D YOU’RE YOU’VE YOU’D
HE’LL HE’D HE’S HE’S HE’D
SHE’LL SHE’D SHE’S SHE’S SHE’D
IT’LL IT’D IT’S IT’S IT’D
WE’LL WE’D WE’RE WE’VE WE’D
YOU’LL YOU’D YOU’RE YOU’VE YOU’D
THEY’LL THEY’D THEY’RE THEY’VE THEY’D
WHAT’LL WHAT’D WHAT’S WHAT’VE WHAT’D
WHEN’LL WHEN’D WHEN’S WHEN’VE WHEN’D
WHERE’LL WHERE’D WHERE’S WHERE’VE WHERE’D
THAT’LL THAT’D THAT’S THAT’S THAT’D

Future Continuous
tomorrow
What will she be doing at the club evening?
in the
Where will you be studying afternoon?
When will he be moving to Paris?
Who will be helping her at the party tonight?
Why will you be traveling to Santa Fe next week?
tomorrow
She will be playing at the club evening.
tennis
in the
I /We will be studying at the library afternoon.
He will be moving to Paris next weekend.
Chris will be helping her at the party tonight.

next week,
I/We will be traveling to Santa Fe because I/we
need to.

USED TO
We use USED TO to describe past habits. USED TO + verb is for talking about
situations or regular activities in the past which no longer happen or exist.
NOTE: No duration of time is mentioned in USED TO constructions.
The Simple past should be used instead.
RIGHT: They worked for us for seven years.
WRONG: They used to work for us for seven years.
I used to play with the kids where I lived.

I used to visit my grandparents every weekend in the morning.
I didn’t use to answer my parents back.
When we were younger, we used not to be allowed to drink coffee. (more formal)
WOULD
used to talk about things in the past that happened often or always:
He would always turn and wave at the end of the street.
She would love me all night long when we were younger.
“When I sat down it would jump on my legs and cover me with horrible caresses.” *
“When I got up to walk it was between my legs and I would almost fall.” *
*Poe, Edgar Allan. The Black Cat.
TO BE USED TO + VERB –ING

The expression be used to something/doing something is for talking about
something which you have done or experienced a lot before.
I’m pretty used to walking 4 kilometers a day.
She isn’t used to talking in public.
We are used to working overnight.

TO GET USED TO + VERB –ING
It has the same idea of TO BE USED TO.
However It is usually used with auxiliary or modal verbs.
They will never get used to dealing with difficult situations.
She can’t get used to cleaning the house.
If she had money she would soon get used to spending money.
TO BE ACCUSTOMED TO + VERB –ING

Familiar with something.
I'm not accustomed to being treated like this.
I’m not accustomed to getting told off.
TO GET ACCUSTOMED TO + VERB –ING

Familiar with something.
However It is usually used with auxiliary or modal verbs.
She will quickly get accustomed to living with him.
I don’t think he can get accustomed to doing this.
TO BE SUPPOSED TO
Used to talk about what is generally believed, what people are expected to do, or
what is intended.
I’m supposed to clean the house tomorrow.
As a teacher I’m supposed to clear the doubts away and guide the students
through difficult subjects.
You’re not supposed to be here.
Yesterday, I was supposed to do the dishes but I forgot to do it.

HAD BETTER(NOT) / SHOULD(N`T)
We use had better to give strong advice to people including ourselves. It is more
urgent than should or ought to.
He had better study more. He should study more.
They’d better look for another house They should look for another house.
What had he better do now? What should he do now?
He had better not leave home so early. He shouldn’t leave home so early.
WOULD RATHER(NOT) / WOULD PREFER (NOT) TO

I would rather go home now. I would prefer to go home now.
She would rather buy an apartment. She would prefer to buy an apartment.
Where would you rather go now? Where would you prefer to go now?
He would rather not travel tonight. He would prefer not to travel tonight.
I would rather die than work there. I would prefer to die to work there.
EMPHATIC USE OF DO, DOES AND DID IN AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES.

We use the emphatic form when the listener has doubts about what he is listening.
I do study English every day.

She does know how to prepare delicious cakes and pies.
He did park the car in front of the house last night.
Phrasal Verb
A phrase which consists of a verb in combination with a preposition or adverb or
both, the meaning of which is different from the meaning of its separate parts:
'Look after', 'work out' and 'make up for' are all phrasal verbs.
CAMBRIDGE ADVANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY
See Excel table.

REGULAR VERBS
INFINITIVE BASE FORM –S FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE GERUND
TO ADD ADD ( S) ADDED ADDED ADDING
TO ANSWER ANSWER(S) ANSWERED ANSWERED ANSWERING
TO ARRIVE ARRIVE (S) ARRIVED ARRIVED ARRIVING
TO ASK ASK(s) ASKED ASKED ASKING
TO BORROW BORROW(S) BORROWED BORROWED BORROWING
TO CALL
FROM CALL (S) CALLED CALLED CALLING
TO CANCEL CANCEL (S) CANCELED CANCELED CANCELING
TO CHANGE CHANGE(S) CHANGED CHANGED CHANGING
TO CLOSE CLOSE (S) CLOSED CLOSED CLOSING
TO COMPARE COMPARE (S) COMPARED COMPARED COMPARING
TO CONTINUE CONTINUE (S) CONTINUED CONTINUED CONTINUING
TO COOK COOK (S) COOKED COOKED COOKING
TO CORRECT CORRECT (S) CORRECTED CORRECTED CORRECTING
TO COUNT COUNT (S) COUNTED COUNTED COUNTING
TO DANCE DANCE (S) DANCED DANCED DANCING
TO DECIDE DECIDE (S) DECIDED DECIDED DECIDING
TO DESCRIBE DESCRIBE (S) DESCRIBED DESCRIBED DESCRIBED
TO EARN EARN (S) ERANED EARNED EARNING
TO EMPHASIZE EMPHASIZE (S) EMPHASIZED EMPHASIZED EMPHASIZING
TO ENJOY ENJOY (S) ENJOYED ENJOYED ENJOYING
TO EXPLAIN EXPLAIN (S) EXPLAINED EXPLAINED EXPLAINING
TO FILL IN FILL(S) IN FILLED IN FILLED IN FILLING IN
TO FINISH FINISH (ES) FINISHED FINISHED FINISHING
TO FIX FIX (ES) FIXED FIXED FIXING
TO FOLLOW FOLLOW (S) FOLLOWED FOLLOWED FOLLOWING
TO HAPPEN HAPPEN (S) HAPPENED HAPPENED HAPPENING

TO HELP HELP (S) HELPED HELPED HELPING
TO INCLUDE INCLUDE (S) INCLUDED INCLUDED INCLUDING
TO INVITE INVITE (S) INVITED INVITED INVITING
TO JOG JOG (S) JOGGED JOGGED JOGGING
TO LEARN LEARN (S) LEARNED LEARNED LEARNING
TO LIFT LIFT (S) LIFTED LIFTED LIFTING
TO LIKE LIKE(S) LIKED LIKED LIKING
TO LISTEN TO LISTEN (S) TO LISTENED TO LISTENED TO LISTENING TO
TO LIVE LIVE (S) LIVED LIVED LIVING
TO LOOK LOOK (S) LOOKED LOOKED LOOKING
TO MARK MARK (S) MARKED MARKED MARKING
TO MATCH MATCH (ES) MATCHED MATCHED MATCHING
TO MIND MIND (S) MINDED MINDED MINDING
TO MISS MISS (ES) MISSED MISSED MISSING
TO NEED NEED (S) NEEDED NEEDED NEEDING
TO NUMBER NUMBER (S) NUMBERED NUMBERED NUMBERING
TO OCCUR OCCUR (S) OCCURED OCCURED OCCURING
TO OFFER OFFER (S) OFFERED OFFERED OFFERING
TO OPEN OPEN (S) OPENED OPENED OPENING
TO PAINT PAINT (S) PAINTED PAINTED PAINTING
TO PARK PARK (S) PARKED PARKED PARKING
TO PLAY PLAY (S) PLAYED PLAYED PLAYING
TO PRACTICE PRACTICE (S) PRACTICED PRACTICED PRACTICING
TO RECEIVE RECEIVE (S) RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED
TO RELATE RELATE (S) RELATED RELATED RELATING
TO REMEMBER REMEMBER (S) REMEMBERED REMEMBERED REMEMBERING
TO RENT RENT (S) RENTED RENTED RENTING
TO REPLACE REPLACE (S) REPLACED REPLACED REPLACING

TO REST REST (S) RESTED RESTED RESTING
TO SAVE SAVE (S) SAVED SAVED SAVING
TO SIGN SIGN (S) SIGNED SIGNED SIGNING
TO SMOKE SMOKE (S) SMOKED SMOKED SMOKING
TO SNEEZE SNEEZE (S) SNEEZED SNEEZED SNEEZING
TO SPELL SPELL (S) SPELLED SPELLED SPELLING
TO STAY STAY (S) STAYED STAYED STAYING
TO STOP STOP (S) STOPPED STOPPED STOPPING
TO STUDY STUDY(IES) STUDIED STUDIED STUDYING
TO SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE(S) SUBSTITUTED SUBSTITUTED SUBSTITUTING
TO SUGGEST SUGGEST (S) SUGGESTED SUGGESTED SUGGESTING
TO SUPPOSE SUPPOSE (S) SUPPOSED SUPPOSED SUPPOSING
TO TALK TALK (S) TALKED TALKED TALKING
TO TRANSLATE TRANSLATE (S) TRANSLATED TRANSLATED TRANSLATING
TO TRAVEL TRAVEL (S) TRAVELED TRAVELED TRAVELING
TO TREAT TREAT (S) TREATED TREATED TREATING
TO TRY TRY (IES) TRIED TRIED TRYING
TO TYPE TYPE (S) TYPED TYPED TYPING
TO UNSCRAMBLE UNSCRAMBLE (S) UNSCRAMBLED UNSCRAMBLED UNSCRAMBLING
TO USE USE (S) USED USED USING
TO VISIT VISIT (S) VISITED VISITED VISITING
TO WAIT WAIT (S) WAITED WAITED WAITING
TO WALK WALK (S) WALKED WALKED WALKING
TO WANT WANT (S) WA NTED WANTED WANTING
TO WASH WASH (S) WASHED WASHED WASHING
TO WATCH WATCH (S) WATCHED WATCHED WATCHING
TO WORK WORK (S) WORKED WORKED WORKING

IRREGULAR VERBS
TO MAKE MAKE (S) MADE MADE MAKING
TO MEAN MEAN (S) MEANT MEANT MEANING
TO MEET MEET (S) MET MET MEETING
TO PAY PAY (S) PAID PAID PAYING
TO PUT PUT (S) PUT PUT PUTTING
TO READ READ (S) READ READ READING
TO REWRITE REWRITE (S) REWROTE REWRITTEN REWRITING
TO RIDE RIDE (S) RODE RIDDEN RIDING
TO RING RING (S) RANG RUNG RINGING
TO RUN RUN (S) RAN RUN RUNNING
TO SAY SAY (S) SAID SAID SAYING
TO SEE SEE (S) SAW SEEN SEEING
TO SELL SELL (S) SOLD SOLD SELLING
TO SEND SEND (S) SENT SENT SENDING
TO SHOW SHOW (S) SHOWED SHOWN SHOWING
TO SING SING (S) SANG SUNG SINGING
TO SLEEP SLEEP (S) SLEPT SLEPT SLEEPING
TO SPEAK SPEAK (S) SPOKE SPOKEN SPEAKING
TO SPEND SPEND (S) SPENT SPENT SPENDING
TO SWIM SWIM (S) SWAM SWUM SWIMMING
TO TAKE TAKE (S) TOOK TAKEN TAKING
TO TEACH TEACH (ES) TAUGHT TAUGHT TEACHING
TO TELL TELL (S) TOLD TOLD TELLING
TO THINK THINK (S) THOUGHT THOUGHT THINKING
TO UNDERSTAND UNDERSTAND (S) UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTANDING
TO WEAR WEAR (S) WORE WORN WEARING
TO WIN WIN (S) WON WON WINNING
TO WRITE WRITE (S) WROTE WRITTEN WRITING

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English - Regular and Irregular Verbs

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English - Regular and Irregular Verbs

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Simple Present ( Do and Does )

I,you,we,you,they He, she and it Sound Reason

Simple Past ( Did )

Pronunciation rules for the regular verbs in the simple past.

Used to refer to an intention from the point of view of the past:

Future in the Past

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 2

There is a party tonight.

There are many students at ECL.

There was a party tonight.

There were many students at ECL.

There will be a party tonight.

There will be many students at ECL.

There would be a party tonight.

There would be many students at ECL.

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 3

There is going to be a party tonight.

There are going to be many students at ECL.

Future in the Past

There was going to a party tonight.

There to be + Modal Verbs and in the Perfect Tenses

There can be a solution for this problem.

There could be a game here tomorrow.

There can be classes next Friday.

There could be a concert in Rio next weekend.

There should be another meeting next week.

There must be an explanation for this.

There mustn’t be concerts here.

There have been many accidents here lately.

There has been much work here recently.

There had been a situation like that before.

There must have been beautiful girls at the party.

There could have been a reason for that.

There should have been another party like that.

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 4

May I open the It is too hot Permission - Formal

Yes/No you may/may not open the

Yes/No I/we could/couldn’t speak three months

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 5

Expressing the same idea:

May Strong possibility- affirmatives For questions we use the expression

Can Informal Can you help me with the homework?

Mustn`t You mustn`t park your car here!

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 6

The Perfect Tenses Part I

# 1. Pres. Perf. Something that

# 2. Pres. Perf. Indefinite Past

# 2. Pres. Perf. 3rd person singular.

# 3. Pres. Perf. Used with periods of

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 7

Yes/No I/we have / haven’t worked hard lately.

Yes/No he has / hasn’t gotten good recently.

Yes/No I/we have / haven’t sold my/our

Yes/No he has / hasn’t moved.

Yes/No I/we have / haven’t eaten a lot today.

Yes/No he has / hasn’t traveled this month.

Yes/No I/we have / haven’t been studying this

Yes/No she has / hasn’t been doing her

Yes/No they had / hadn’t already the house when I/we

Yes/No she had / hadn’t left home when I/we

Yes/No I/we had / hadn’t been working when she

ECL ENGLISH COURSE 8

Present Perfect Usage