SHORT CIRCUIT

STUDY IN
ELECTRICAL
TECHNOLOGY
Presented By:
K.V.V.S.CHAKRADHAR
IV Year EEE, JBREC.
 CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS SHORT CIRCUIT?
 SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
 BENEFITS OF SHORT CIRCUIT STUDY
 PREVENTIONS OF SHORT CIRCUIT
 RECENT SHORT CIRCUIT ACCIDENTS IN AP
 CONCLUSION
 ABSTRACT
 Short Circuit (Fault Current) studies are
required to insure that existing and new
equipment ratings are adequate to withstand
the available short circuit energy available at
each point in the electrical system

 Fault currents that exceed equipment ratings

are capable of extensive equipment damage
and are a serious threat to human life
 INTRODUCTION
 Fires from electrical cords or from wiring devices
are increasing in these years.
 The reason is supposed to be the
increase of electrical power dissipation
for domestic use.
 India has approximately 60000 fires a
year.
 These fire accidents are occurred due to
short circuit.
 Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Total number 59,885 59,865 63,272 58,833 59,674 55,763
of fires
Electric heater 192 193 155 176 190
for cooking

Electric room 363 457 539 511 637 503

heater
Cable for 800 881 930 944 972 978
lighting or
telephone
Electrical 502 445 471 447 453 489
equipments
Electrical 819 713
appliances
Wiring devices 398 459 468 450 428 507

Light including 358 321 331 310

neon light

Electric Iron 130 128 94 98

Others 1,659 1,564 1,582 1,590
Note : Blank is due to the change of
classification
 WHAT IS SHORT
CIRCUIT?
 A short circuit is a fault.  It means there is a
very low resistance conducting path from one
side of a component to the other
 A short circuit in an electrical circuit is one
that allows a current to travel along a different
path from the one originally intended.
 . The electrical opposite of a short circuit is an "
open circuit", which is an infinite resistance
between two nodes.
A wire might have come loose which Shorting out a single component which is in series with others
connects two sides of a circuit together
Shorting out a whole circuit
gram of the shorting circuit in transform
w.
Figure shows Normal and short circuit
conditions
 Prevention of short
circuit
 When the cables of the electrical appliances
are worn out or it's not connected properly a
short circuit may occur.
 ALWAYS ENSURE THAT THE EQUIPMENT AND
ANY TEST EQUIPMENT YOU ARE USING IS
PROPERLY GROUNDED AND THAT THE
RUBBER MAT YOU ARE STANDING ON IS IN
GOOD CONDITION
 DISCOLORED OR LEAKING
TRANSFORMER 
 BEFORE YOU ENERGIZE THE
EQUIPMENT, LOOK FOR:  SHORTS 
 LOOSE, BROKEN, OR CORRODED
CONNECTION 
 DAMAGED RESISTORS OR CAPACITORS 
 ENERGIZE THE EQUIPMENT AND LOOK
FOR: SMOKING PARTS 
 DAMAGES

 Damage from short circuits can be

reduced or prevented by employing fuses
, circuit breakers, or other
overload protection, which disconnect the
power in reaction to excessive current.
Overload protection must be chosen
according to the 
prospective short circuit current in a
circuit.
 Benefits of short circuit
study
 Reduce the risk a facility could face and
help avoid catastrophic losses.
 Increase the safety and reliability of the
power system and related equipment.
 Evaluate the application of protective
devices and equipment.
 Identify problem areas in the system.
 Obtain recommended solutions.
 Conclusion
 Finally from this short circuit study, We have to
learn about short circuit And we can clarify
from some doubtable question like, what is
short circuit?, how it happens?, when it
happen?, why it happens?. And also learn
prevention methods of short circuit. We can
know the advantages about short circuit study.
 Recently, 23000 fire complaints a year from
all over state. There are lot of fire accidents
are occurred due to these short circuit. To
protect the buildings from these short circuit,
we have to learn about this short circuit
phenomenon. The main aim of study of short
circuit is protect the peoples/buildings from
short circuited fire incidents.