Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Adolescents'sidentityorientationandperceptionoftheparentingcontext
byMinodoraAsimineiValeriaNegovan
Source:
RomanianJournalofSchoolPsychology(RomanianJournalofSchoolPsychology),issue:6/2010,
pages:8194,onwww.ceeol.com.
Minodora Asiminei**
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between adolescents identity
orientation and perceived parenting context. The sample of the research
consisted of 450 high school students, 227 male and 223 female, aged 15
to 18 years. Data were collected by The Aspects of Identity Questionnaire
that assesses identitys orientation in terms of personal, relational and
social orientation (Cheek, Smith, & Tropp, 2002) and by The Perceptions
of Parents Scales (Grolnick, Deci, & Ryan, 1997) that assesses
adolescents perceptions of their parents (mothers and fathers autonomy
support, involvement and warmth). Our main research question was:
what kind of relationships are there between the adolescents identity
orientation and perceived parenting context? The results showed a
specific association between the adolescents perceptions of their parents
and their identity orientation and pointed out that identity orientation is
more influenced by the perception of the mother compared to that of the
father. The researchs results contribute to the development of the
empirical database for implementing useful interventions and counseling
programs in high schools.
Keywords: identity orientation, perceived parenting context, adolescence
Introducere
Studiul nostru se bazeaz pe conceptualizrile constructelor de orientare
identitar (identity orientation) i climat parental perceput cu aplicaie la perioada
adolescenei.
Orientarea identitii exprim importana relativ pe care individul o
acord diferitelor dimensiuni ale identitii sale atunci cnd se autodefinete
(Fondacaro et al, 2006). n funcie de accentul pus pe sine, pe relaiile cu partenerii
de via sau pe propriul grup, orientarea identitii poate fi personal, relaional
social, colectiv etc.
Multidimensionalitatea identitii este evideniat de toate studiile de
specialitate i este explicat prin faptul c individul se cunoate i se descrie nu
numai ca individ, ci i ca fiin relaional i ca membru al unui/unor grupuri
sociale (Brewer i Gardner, 1996; Brickson, 2000; Schwartz, Montgomery,
Briones, 2006). Pe lng multidimensionalitatea identitii, studiile din ultima
*
**
82
83
84
85
Kurtosis
1.408
1.039
.435
.449
.071
.245
.147
.109
.684
Pentru analiza corelaional s-a utilizat testul Kendall pentru date ordinale,
iar pentru analiza de varian, ntruct seriile de scoruri nu respect condiia
normalitii distribuiei, s-a recurs la testul Kruskal-Wallis.
La nivelul scorurilor percepiei climatului parental a fost elaborat un sistem
n trei clase obinute prin calcularea percentilelor 33 i 66, ceea ce a permis definirea
a trei niveluri ale percepiei fiecreia dintre dimensiunile comportamentului parental
(sczut, mediu i nalt). La nivelul subgrupurilor orientrii identitare determinate de
cele trei niveluri ale percepiei comportamentului parental (ca variabil
independent) s-a evideniat omogenitatea varianei scorurilor orientrilor identitii
ceea ce, cumulat cu dimensiunea eantionului (Popa, 2008) a permis o analiz de
varian multifactorial (MANOVA) a scorurilor orientrii identitare n raport cu
percepia climatului parental.
Orientarea identitar i percepia climatului parental la adolesceni
Testul Kendall al corelaiei dintre scoruri ordinale evideniaz o corelaie
pozitiv [r = 0.49 i 0.39], moderat, dar semnificativ statistic (p<0,001) ntre
orientrile identitii adolescenilor, precum i corelaii semnificative statistic ntre
dimensiunile comportamentului prinilor, cu o uoar accentuare a corelaiei ntre
percepia implicrii materne i percepia cldurii materne [r = 0.58, p<0,001],
respectiv ntre percepia implicrii paterne i percepia cldurii paterne [r = 0.59,
p<0,001] comparativ cu corelaiile dintre percepia suportului matern i patern pentru
86
87
149 172.66
166 234.29
135 273.00
149 172.67
166 242.48
135 262.93
149 173.60
166 238.22
135 267.14
147 177.82
156 216.16
147 283.09
147 186.16
156 231.38
147 258.60
147 171.69
156 253.98
147 249.09
157 172.75
151 230.09
142 278.95
157 175.37
151 232.54
142 273.44
(tabelul continu)
88
VD
Orientarea social
a identitii
med.
ranguri
157
151
142
177.51
227.32
276.62
128
169
153
128
169
153
128
169
153
165
132
153
165
132
153
165
132
153
147
161
142
147
161
142
147
161
142
197.36
211.54
264.47
186.96
224.60
258.74
185.88
236.28
246.74
189.22
214.85
273.81
176.48
232.23
272.55
180.32
248.64
254.26
182.17
223.12
273.05
166.72
238.57
271.52
170.79
239.72
266.01
89
90
91
92
93
parental asupra orientrii identitii lor i implicit asupra modului n care i rezolv
criza de identitate.
Bibliografie:
Brewer, M.B., & Gardner, W. (1996). Who is this we? Levels of collective
identity and self-reprezentations. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 71, 83-93.
Brickson, S. (2000). The impact of identity orientation on individual and
organizational outcomes in demographically diverse settings. Academy of
Management Review, 25(1), 82-101.
Cheek, J.M. (1989). Identity orientations and self-interpretation. In D.M. Buss &
N. Canter (Eds.), Personality Psychology: Recent Trends and Emerging
Directions (pp. 275-285). New York: Springer- Verlag.
Cheek, J.M., Smith, S.M., & Tropp, L.R. (2002, February). Relational identity
orientation: A fourth scale for the AIQ. Paper presented at the meeting of the
Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Savannah, GA.
Collins, W., & Laursen, B. (2004). Parent-adolescent relationships and influences.
In R. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of Adolescent Psychology (pp.
331-361). New York: Wiley.
Deci, E.L., & Ryan, R.M. (2000). The what and why of goal pursuits:
Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry,
11(4), 227-268.
Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
Finley, G.E., Mira, S.D., & Schwartz, S.J. (2008). Perceived paternal and maternal
involvement: factor structures, mean differences, and parental roles.
Fathering, 6(1), 62-81.
Flouri, E., & Buchanan, A. (2003). The role of father involvement and mother
involvement in adolescents' psychological well-being. British Journal of
Social Work, 33, 399-406.
Fondacaro, M.R., Brank, E.M., Stuart, J., Villanueva-Abraham, S., Luescher, J., &
McNatt, P.S. (2006). Identity orientation, voice, and judgments of procedural
justice during late adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(6),
987-997 (C _ 2006) DOI: 10.1007/s10964-006-9035-8.
Grolnick, W S., Deci, E.L., & Ryan, R.M. (1997). Internalization within the
family: The self-determination theory perspective. In J.E. Grusec & L.
Kuczynski (Eds.), Parenting and Childrens Internalization of Values: A
Handbook of Contemporary Theory (pp. 135-161). New York: Wiley.
Grolnick, W.S., Gurland, S.T., DeCourcey, W., & Jacob, K. (2002). Antecedents
and consequences of mothers autonomy support: An experimental
investigation. Developmental Psychology, 38(1), 143-155.
Jackson-Newsom, J., Buchanan, C.M., & McDonald, R.M. (2008). Parenting and
perceived maternal warmth in european american and african american
adolescents. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(1), 62-76.
Landry, R., Whipple, N., Mageau, G., Joussemet, M., Koestner, R., DiDio, L.,
Gingras, I., Bernier, A., & Haga, S.M. (2008). Trust in organismic
development, autonomy support, and adaptation among mothers and their
94