RED BLOOD

CELL
RATNA KUSUMAWATI

DARA
H

8 % dari
BERAT TUBUH

KORPUSKULER :
SEL-SEL DARAH
ERITROSIT
LEUKOSIT
TROMBOSIT

PLASMA DARAH

Sel-sel Darah

Biconcave disk increase efficiency of gas

exchange
Unucleated dont have DNA unaible
to repair damage
Flexible through capillary sysem
Color Hb
Permeable to water, ion Na, Cl & K
120 days destroyed by RES

FUNCTION OF RED BLOOD

CELL
1. Transport of O
- from lung to tissue (Hb dependent)
2. Transport of CO
- from tissue to lung (depends on
carbonic anhidrase enzyme & Hb)
3. Acid-base balance
- through formation of bicarbonat
HCO

SEL STEM HEMOPOIETIK

PROERITROBLAS

GINJAL

ERITROPOIETIN

ERITROSIT
OKSIGENASI JARINGAN

MENURUN

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Volume darah rendah

Anemia
Hemoglobin rendah
Aliran darah jelek
Penyakit paru

REGULASI PRODUKSI ERITROSIT

OKSIGENASI JARINGAN

Penurunan transportasi jumlah O2 ke jaringan

(apa pun sebabnya)
merangsang sumsum
tulang utk memproduksi eritrosit
Ex :
Pada orang anemia
Seseorang pada tempat dgn
ketinggian yg kadar O2 sangat renda
Gagal jantung
Penyakit paru, dll

ERITROPOIETIN
Merupakan faktor utama yg merangsang
produksi eritrosit
Suatu hormon glikoprotein yg dibentuk dlm
ginjal (terutama) & hati
Bila eritropoietin tdk ada, maka hipoksia
tdk/sedikit berpengaruh dalam perangsangan
eritrosit
Sebaliknya, jika sistem eritropoietin
berfungsi, maka hipoksia akan meningkatkan
eritropoitein & eritropoitein akan
meningkatkan produksi eritrosit

Various other factors can affect the rate of

erythropoiesis by influencing erythropoietin
production :
Thyroid hormones, thyroid-stimulating
hormone, adrenal cortical steroids,
adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and human
growth hormone (HGH) all promote
erythropoietin formation and so enhance red
blood cell formation (erythropoiesis).
Androgens stimulate and oestrogens depress
the erythropoietic response. In addition to
the effects of menstrual blood loss, this
effect may explain why women tend to have
a lower haemoglobin concentration and red
cell count than men.

 Yg berperan adl Vit B 12 & Asam folat

Vit B12 & Asam folat penting utk sintesis DNA
Kekurangan Vit B12
& As.folat

Penurunan DNA

Kegagalan pematangan & pembelahan inti

Sel2 eritroblastik gagal proliferasi dgn cepat

MAKROSIT

vera
policite
mia

sekun
der
familia
l

I.

2 suksinil-KoA + 2 glisin

pirol

II. 4pirol

protoporfirin
IX

Fe
III. Protoporfirin IX +
heme
IV. Heme + polipeptida
( dan )
V.

2rantai + 2 rantai

rantai hemoglobin
hemoglobin A

Hb F 2 + 2 Pada PaO2 tertentu, HbF

mampu mengikat O2 lebih banyak

GLOBIN SYNTHESIS
Di dalam nukleus DNA mRNA (transkripsi
)
mRNA masuk sitoplasma terikat di ribosom
translasi (sintesis rantai globin)
Globin = rantai polipeptida
Cluster gen globin alfa tdp di kromosom 11
Cluster gen globin beta tdp di kromosom 16