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ABOUT
Musicis anartform and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence. The common
elements of music arepitch(which governsmelodyandharmony),rhythm(and its associated
conceptstempo,meter, andarticulation),dynamics(loudness and softness), and the sonic
qualities oftimbreandtexture(which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound).
Differentstyles or typesof music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.
Music is performed with a vast range ofinstrumentsand with vocal techniques ranging from
singingtorapping, and there are solelyinstrumental pieces,solely vocal pieces(such assongs
without instrumentalaccompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The
word derives from Greek(mousike; "art of theMuses"). In its most general form, the
activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes,
symphonies, and so on), thecriticism of music, thestudy of the history of music , and the
aesthetic examination of music.Ancient GreekandIndian philosophersdefined music as tones
ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the
harmony of the spheres " and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often
ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composerJohn Cagethought that any
sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is nonoise, only sound."