Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
S. Ajit
Project
CPM was developed by Du Pont and the emphasis was on the trade-off
between the cost of the project and its overall completion time (e.g.
for certain activities it may be possible to decrease their completion
times by spending more money - how does this affect the overall
completion time of the project?)
PERT was developed by the US Navy for the planning and control of
the Polaris missile program and the emphasis was on completing the
program in the shortest possible time. In addition PERT had the
ability to cope with uncertain activity completion times (e.g. for a
particular activity the most likely completion time is 4 weeks but it
could be anywhere between 3 weeks and 8 weeks).
CPM - Critical Path Method
Activity Event
Activity Slack
Difference between the latest time and the earliest time of an event
is the slack time for that event
Completion date?
On Schedule?
Within Budget?
Critical Activities?
A
1 2
CPM NETWORK
4
D
A
1 2 C 7
3
CPM NETWORK
5
E
4 F
D 6
A
1 2 C 7
3
CPM NETWORK
5
E
G
4 F
D 6
A
1 2 C 7
3
CPM NETWORK
5
E
G
4 F
D 6 H
A
1 2 C 7
3
CPM NETWORK
5
E
G
4 F
D 6 H
A I
1 2 7 8
C
3
CPM NETWORK
5
E
G
4 F
D 6 H
A I
1 2 7 8
C
J
3
CPM NETWORK with duration of each activity
5
E(3)
G(2)
4 F(3)
D(2) 6 H(1)
A(1) I(3)
1 2 7 8
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
5
E(3)
G(2)
4
F(3)
0
D(2) 6
H(1)
0
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
5
E(3)
G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6
H(1)
0 1
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
5
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6
H(1)
0 1
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6
H(1)
0 1
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6
0 H(1)
0 1 8
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 0
0 H(1)
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
J(2)
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 0
0 H(1)
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 0
0
0 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 0
12
0 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 9
12
0 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
0
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
6
5 6
0 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
6
5 6
3 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 0
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
6
5 6
3 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 1
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
0 J(2)
5
3
To find the Critical Path LFT
EST
6
5 6
3 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 1
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
10 J(2)
5
3
Critical Path
6
5 6
3 E(3)
3 G(2)
4
F(3)
0 1
D(2) 6 9
12
8 H(1) 12
0 1 8 9
A(1) I(3) 8
1 2 7
C(2)
B(4)
10 J(2)
5
Critical Path 3 Critical Path
1-2-4–5–6–7-8 A–B–E–G–H-I
CPM - Example
Critical Path
1-2-4–5–6–7–8
Critical Path
A–B–E–G–H-I
Activity Predecessor a m b
A - 6 7 8
B - 1 2 9
C - 1 4 7
D A 1 2 3
E A,B 1 2 9
F C 1 5 9
G C 2 2 8
H E,F 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10
J D,H 2 5 14
K G,I 2 2 8
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predece a m b µ
ssor te
A - 6 7 8 7
B - 1 2 9
C - 1 4 7
D A 1 2 3
E A,B 1 2 9
F C 1 5 9
G C 2 2 8
H E,F 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10
J D,H 2 5 14
K G,I 2 2 8
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predece a m b µ
ssor te
A - 6 7 8 7
B - 1 2 9 3
C - 1 4 7
D A 1 2 3
E A,B 1 2 9
F C 1 5 9
G C 2 2 8
H E,F 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10
J D,H 2 5 14
K G,I 2 2 8
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predecessor a m b µ σ2
te
A - 6 7 8 7
B - 1 2 9 3
C - 1 4 7 4
D A 1 2 3 2
E A,B 1 2 9 3
F C 1 5 9 5
G C 2 2 8 3
H E,F 4 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10 5
J D,H 2 5 14 6
K G,I 2 2 8 3
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predecessor a m b µ σ2
te
A - 6 7 8 7 0.11
B - 1 2 9 3
C - 1 4 7 4
D A 1 2 3 2
E A,B 1 2 9 3
F C 1 5 9 5
G C 2 2 8 3
H E,F 4 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10 5
J D,H 2 5 14 6
K G,I 2 2 8 3
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predecessor a m b µ σ2
te
A - 6 7 8 7 0.11
B - 1 2 9 3 1.78
C - 1 4 7 4
D A 1 2 3 2
E A,B 1 2 9 3
F C 1 5 9 5
G C 2 2 8 3
H E,F 4 4 4 4
I E,F 4 4 10 5
J D,H 2 5 14 6
K G,I 2 2 8 3
PERT – Example:
Mean µ = (to + 4* tl + tp)/6 Variance σ2 = [(tp – to)/6]2
Activity Predecessor a m b µ σ2
te
A - 6 7 8 7 0.11
B - 1 2 9 3 1.78
C - 1 4 7 4 1.00
D A 1 2 3 2 0.11
E A,B 1 2 9 3 1.78
F C 1 5 9 5 1.78
G C 2 2 8 3 1.00
H E,F 4 4 4 4 0
I E,F 4 4 10 5 1.00
J D,H 2 5 14 6 4.00
K G,I 2 2 8 3 1.00
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2)
E(3)
2
F(5)
A(7)
B(3) G(3)
1 3 H(4)
C(4) I(5)
J(6)
4
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6 E(3)
2
F(5)
A(7)
B(3) G(3)
1 3 H(4)
C(4) I(5)
J(6)
4
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
F(5)
A(7)
B(3) E(3) G(3)
1 3 5 H(4)
C(4) I(5)
J(6)
4
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
A(7)
B(3) E(3) G(3)
1 3 5 H(4)
F(5) I(5)
C(4)
J(6)
4
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
A(7)
B(3) E(3)
1 3 5 H(4)
F(5) I(5)
C(4)
G(3) J(6)
4 7
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
A(7) H(4)
B(3) E(3)
1 3 5
F(5) I(5)
C(4)
G(3) J(6)
4 7
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
A(7) H(4)
B(3) E(3)
1 3 5
F(5)
C(4) I(5)
G(3) J(6)
4 7
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
A(7) H(4) J(6)
B(3) E(3)
1 3 5 8
F(5)
C(4) I(5)
G(3)
4 7
K(3)
6
To find the Critical Path LFT
6
EST
D(2) 6
2
H(4) J(6)
A(7)
B(3) E(3)
1 3 5 8
Critical path 1 – 2 – 3 – 5 – 6 – 8
Activities Variance
A 0.11
Dummy 0
E 1.78
H 0
J 4