Chapter 1

Place Value Chart

Trillions

Hundreds

Billions

Tens

Ones

Hundreds

Thousands

Millions

Tens

Ones

Hundred Tens

Ones

Hundred Tens

Ones

Ones

Hundred Tens

The distance around an object is its perimeter

The difference a - b is that unique whole number c for which a=c+b Subtraction
Order of Whole Numbers
For any whole numbers a and b:
1. A < B (read "a is less than b") is true when a is to the left of b on a number line
2. A > B (read " a is greater than b") is true when a is to the right of b on a number line.
We call < and > inequality symbols
Division
The quation a / b, where b is not equal to 0, is that unique whole number c for which a = b * c.
Dividing By 1
Any number divided by 1 is that same number: a / 1 = a / 1 = a
Dividing A Number By Itself
Any nonzero number divided by itself is 1: a / a = 1, a is not equal to 0.
Dividends Of 0
Zero divided by any nonzero number is 0: 0 /a = 0, a > 0.
Excluding Division By 0
Division by 0 is not defined. (We agree not to divide by 0.) a / 0 is not defined
Solutions Of An Equation
A solution is a replacement for the variable that makes the equation true. When we find all the solutions, we say that we have solved the equation.

Ones

Solving x + a = b
To solve x + a = b, subtract a on both sides.
Solving a * x = b
To solve a * x = b, divide by a on both sides.
Five Steps For Problem Solving
1. Familiarize yourself with the situation.
A.) Carefully read and reread until you understand what are being asked to find.
B.) Draw a diagram or see if there is a formula that applies to the situation.
C.) Assign a letter, or variable, to the unknown.
2. Translate the problem to an equation using the letter or variable.
3. Solve the equation.
4. Check the answer in the original wording or the problem.
5. State the answer to the problem clearly with appropriate units.
Consider the product 3 * 3 * 3 * 3. Such products occur often enough that mathematicians have found it convenient to create a shorter notation, called expone
Rules For Order Of Operations
1. Do all calculations within parentheses ( ), brackets [ ], or braces { } before operations outside.
2. Evaluate all exponential expressions.
3. Do all exponential expressions.
4. Do all additions and subtractions in order from left to right.
Average
The average of a set of numbers is the sum of the numbers divide by the number of addends.