Fraktur Klavikula

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ngfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Klavikula merupakan tulang yang berbentuk huruf S, b
agian medial melengkung lebih besar dan menuju ke anterior. Lengkungan bagian la
teral lebih kecil dan menghadap ke posterior. Ujung medial clavicula disebut ext
remitas sternalis, membentuk persendian dengan sternum, dan uJung lateral disebu
t extremitas acromialis, membentuk persendian dengan acromion. Facies superior c
lavicula agak halus, dan pada facies inferior di bagian medial terdapat tuberosi
tas costalis. Disebelah lateral tuberositas tersebut terdapat sulcus subclavius,
tempat melekatnya m. Subclavius, dan disebelah lateralnya lagi terdapat tuberos
itas coracoidea, tempat melekat lig. Coracoclaviculalis.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
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h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Clavicula
adalah tulang yang paling pertama mengalami pertumbuhan pada masa fetus, terbent
uk melalui 2 pusat ossifikasi atau pertulangan primer yaitu medial dan lateral c
lavicula, dimana terjadi saat minggu ke-5 dan ke-6 masa intrauterin. Kernudian o
ssifikasi sekunder pada epifise medial clavicula berlangsung pada usia 18 tahun
sampai 20 tahun. Dan epifise terakhir bersatu pada usia 25 tahun sampai 26 tahun
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gfenp1057 \cf0 Pada tulang ini bisa terjadi banyak proses patologik sama seperti
pada tulang yang lainnya yaitu bisa ada kelainan congenital, trauma (fraktur),
inflamasi, neoplasia, kelainan metabolik tulang dan yang lainnya. Fraktur clavic
ula bisa disebabkan oleh benturan ataupun kompressi yang berkekuatan rendah samp
ai yang berkekuatan tinggi yang bisa menyebabkan terjadinya fraktur tertutup ata
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1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Fraktur ini merupakan jenis yang tersering p
ada bayi baru lahir,yang mungkin terjadi apabila terdapat kesulitan mengeluarkan
bahu pada persalinan. Hal ini dapat timbul pada kelahiran presentasi puncak kep
ala dan pada lengan yang telentang pada kelahiran sungsang. Gejala yang tampak p
ada keadaan ini adalah kelemahan lengan pada sisi yang terkena, krepitasi, ketid
akteraturan tulang mungkin dapat diraba, perubahan warna kulit pada bagian atas
yang terkena fraktur serta menghilangnya refleks Moro pada sisi tersebut. Diagno
sis dapat ditegakkan dengan palpasi dan foto rontgent. Penyembuhan sempurna terj
adi setelah 7-10 hari dengan imobilisasi dengan posisi abduksi 60 derajat dan fl
eksi 90 derajat dari siku yang terkena.}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain
\fi567 \li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \l
in851 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi
567 \li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin85
1 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi567
\li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851 \r
in0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \la
ng1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi567 \li8
51 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851 \rin0
\itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang10
33 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \qj \fi567 \li8
33 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-283 \li709 \ri0
\widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin709 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052
{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lang
fe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 B. \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?Epidemiologi}{\
b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe
par \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \a
gfenp1057 \cf0 Menurut data epidemiologi pada orang dewasa insiden fraktur clavi
cula sekitar 40 kasus dari 100.000 orang, dengan perbandingan laki-laki perempua
n adalah 2 : 1. Fraktur pada midclavicula yang paling sering terjadi yaitu sekit
ar 85% dari semua fraktur clavicula, sementara fraktur bagian distal sekitar 10%
dan bagian proximal sekitar 5%.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi567 \li8
33 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Sekitar 2% sampai 5% dari semua je
nis fraktur merupakan fraktur clavicula. Menurut American Academy of Orthopaedic
Surgeon, frekuensi fraktur clavicula sekitar 1 kasus dari 1000 orang dalam satu
tahun. Fraktur clavicula juga merupakan kasus trauma pada kasus obstetrik denga
n prevalensi 1 kasus dari 213 kasus kelahiran anak yang hidup.}{\fs24 \kerning0
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057
\cf0 \par }\pard \plain \qj \fi567 \li851 \ri0 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adj
ustright \lin851 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard
\plain \qj \fi567 \li851 \ri0 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851
\rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp
1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \qj \fi-425 \

li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851 \ri
n0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 C. \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?
Etiologi ( Sarwono Prawirohardjo, 2005)}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 }{\fs24 \kerning2
\par }\pard \plain \fi567 \li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \asp
num \adjustright \lin851 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loc
h \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \a
f0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Pen
yebab farktur clavicula biasanya disebabkan oleh trauma pada bahu akibat kecelak
aan apakah itu karena jatuh atau kecelakaan kendaraan bermotor, namun kadang dap
at juga disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor non traumatik. Berikut beberapa penyebab p
ada fraktur clavicula yaitu :}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li127
\tql \tx1710 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loc
h \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 1.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \
dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \
cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?}{\fs24 \kerning
0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp105
7 \cf0 Fraktur clavicula pada bayi baru lahir akibat tekanan pada bahu oleh simp
hisis pubis selama proses melahirkan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \lo
ch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-42
6 \rin0 \tql \tx1710 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \la
ng1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \
af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 2.}{\fs14 \ke
rning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfe
np1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?}{\fs24
gfenp1057 \cf0 Fraktur clavicula akibat kecelakaan termasuk kecelakaan kendaraan
bermotor, jatuh dari ketinggian dan yang lainnya.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \
hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard
\plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjust
right \lin1276 \rin0 \tql \tx1710 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0
3.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langf
e1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs2
angfenp1057 \cf0 Fraktur clavicula akibat kompresi pada bahu dalam jangka waktu
lama, misalnya pada pelajar yang menggunakan tas yang terlalu berat.}{\fs24 \ker
p2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalp
ha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \tql \tx1710 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs
langfenp1057 \cf0 4.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\
uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang10
33 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Fraktur clavicula akibat proses pa
tologik, misalnya pada pasien post radioterapi, keganasan clan lain-lain.}{\fs24
ngfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi567 \li851 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \asp
alpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin851 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning
7 \cf0 Penyebab farktur clavicula biasanya disebabkan oleh trauma pada bahu akib
at trauma jalan lahir dengan gejala:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loc
h \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425
\li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 1.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \
af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \u
c1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \db
0 Bayi tidak dapat menggerakkan lengan secara bebas pada sisi yang terkena,}{\fs
langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \ke
np1057 \cf0 2.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u
160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Krepitasi dan ketidakteraturan tulang,}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe20
52 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctl
par \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24
ngfenp1057 \cf0 3.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc
1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Kadang-kadang disertai perubahan wa
rna pada sisi fraktur,}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0
\sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe20
52 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lan
gnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 4.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1
\u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Tidak adanya
refleks moro pada sisi yang terkena,}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \lo
ch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-42
6 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 5.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \
uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?}{\fs24 \kerning0 \db
0 Adanya spasme otot sternokleidomastoideus yang disertai dengan hilangnya depre
si supraklavikular pada daerah fraktur.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1
276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \lan
gnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 6.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbc
h \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0
\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0
\cf0 Biasanya diikuti palsi lengan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi720 \l
i0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \i

tap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lan
gfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi720 \li709 \ri0 \sl
360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin709 \rin0 \itap0 \fs2
4 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \
langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1
033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Faktor predisposisi fraktur klavikula adalah:
}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2
052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widct
lpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs2
angfenp1057 \cf0 1.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\u
c1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang10
33 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Bayi yang berukuran besar}{\fs24 \
kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lang
fenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \asp
alpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hic
h \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kernin
g0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp10
57 \cf0 2.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160
?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 Distosia bahu}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \
\plain \fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjust
right \lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \la
ng1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \
af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 3.}{\fs14 \ke
np1057 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24
ngfenp1057 \cf0 Partus dengan letak sungsang}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \
af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain
\fi-425 \li1276 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright
\lin1276 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \l
och \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 4.}{\fs14 \kerning0
\cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kern
ing0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp
1057 \cf0 Persalinan traumatic}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425
\rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1
033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 .}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \a
f0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \pa
r }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustri
ght \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 }{\fs24 \kerning0
\cf0 \tab }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lang
np1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 D.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \
af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \tab }{\b1 \f
s24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057
\langfenp1057 \cf0 Klasifikasi}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \li1276

\ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1276 \rin0 \i
\langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 fraktur clavicula didasari oleh loka
si fraktur pada clavicula tersebut. Ada tiga lokasi pada clavicula yang paling s
ering mengalami fraktur yaitu pada bagian midshape clavikula dimana pada anak-an
ak berupa greenstick, bagian distal clavicula dan bagian proksimal clavicula. Me
nurut Neer secara umum fraktur klavikula diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tipe yait
u :}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lang
fe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-1276 \li2127 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \w
idctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2127 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \d
bch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {
7 \langfenp1057 \cf0 1.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u16
0 ?Tipe I : Fraktur pada bagian tengah clavicula. Lokasi yang paling sering terj
adi fraktur.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1
033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-1276 \li2127 \ri0 \sl360 \s
lmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2127 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \ke
rning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langf
enp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \
langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 2.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?
\uc1 \u160 ?Tipe II : Fraktur pada bagian distal clavicula. Lokasi tersering ked
ua mengalami fraktur setelah midclavicula.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af
0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \
fi-1276 \li2127 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \
lin2127 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \lo
ch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 3.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \
u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?Tipe III: Fraktur pada bagian proksima
l clavicula. Fraktur yang paling jarang terjadi dari semua jenis fraktur clavicu
la, insidensnya hanya sekitar 5%.}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi-1
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \li0
\ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap
0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe
2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hic
h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \tab }{\b1
57 \langfenp1057 \cf0 E.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \l
ang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \tab }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \d
bch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \c
f0 Manifestasi klinis}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi-426 \li993 \r
i0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin993 \rin0 \itap
0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
33 \langnp1033 \langfe1033 \langfenp1033 \cf1 Tanda / Gejala}{\fs24 \kerning2 \d
bch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \p
ar }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1418 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspn
um \adjustright \lin1418 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \db
1 a.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1
\u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Tanda : }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li184

\itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp10
33 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \l
ang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 1.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc
1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbc
Bayi tidak dapat menggerakkan lengan secara bebas pada sisi yang mengalami gang
guan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \la
ngfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \
widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerni
ng2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp
2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lan
gfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 2.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc
1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1033 \langfenp1033 \cf1 Bayi rewel karena kesak
itan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \la
ngfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \
widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerni
2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lan
gfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 3.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc
1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1033 \langfenp1033 \cf1 Adanya krepitasi dan pe
rubahan warna kulit di tempat yang sakit/fraktur.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \h
ich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \
plain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustr
ight \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hi
ch \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 4.\uc1 \u
160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{
3 \langfenp1033 \cf1 Tidak adanya refleks moro pada yang terkena.}{\fs24 \kernin
52 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1418 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha
\aspnum \adjustright \lin1418 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
2 \cf1 b.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160
?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Gejala klinis:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi
-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin
1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang103
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 1.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1
\u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \ke
np1057 \cf1 Gerakan tangan kanan-kiri tidak sama}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hi
ch \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \p
lain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustri
ght \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 2.\uc1 \u1
60 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\
\langfenp1057 \cf1 Refleks moro asimotris}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af
0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \
fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \l
in1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1
033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf1 3.\uc1 \u160 ?\u
c1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \
fenp1057 \cf1 Bayi menangis pada perabaan tulang klavikula}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbc
h \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par
}\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
\adjustright \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
4.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \
u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1057 \langnp1057 \
langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 Gerakan pasif tangan yang sakit disertai riwayat p
ersalinan yang sukar.}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1057
\langnp1057 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1843 \
ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1843 \rin0 \it
ap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang
1057 \langnp1057 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li18
lang1057 \langnp1057 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \l
i0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \i
tap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 F.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \db
1 \tab }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp10
33 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf1 Pemeriksaan penunjang}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \db
1 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspn
um \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \l
och \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch
par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li1843 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \asp
num \adjustright \lin1843 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af
0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \d
bch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \c
f1 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \as
pnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \h
ich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kern
ing0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe205
2 \langfenp2052 \cf8 }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat
17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning0 \
dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lan
gfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 1.CT scan.}{\fs24 \kerning
2 \par }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adj
ustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af
0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp205
2 \cf8 Sebuah mesin x-ray khusus menggunakan komputer untuk mengambil gambar dar
i klavikula Anda. Anda mungkin akan diberi pewarna sebelum gambar diambil. Pewar
na biasanya diberikan dalam pembuluh darah Anda (Intra Vena). Pewarna ini dapat
membantu petugas melihat foto yang lebih baik. Orang yang alergi terhadap yodium
atau kerang (lobster, kepiting, atau udang) mungkin alergi terhadap beberapa pe
warna. Beritahu petugas jika Anda alergi terhadap kerang, atau memiliki alergi a
tau kondisi medis lainnya.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lan
g1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li0 \ri0
\sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17
33 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \c
hcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 }{\fs24 \kerning0
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \l
angfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat
17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning0 \
dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lan
gfenp2052 \cf8 2.Magnetic resonance imaging scan:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \h
plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0
\rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033
och \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 Disebut
juga MRI. MRI menggunakan gelombang magnetik untuk mengambil gambar tulang selan
gka /klavikula, tulang dada, dan daerah bahu. Selama MRI, gambar diambil dari tu
lang, otot, sendi, atau pembuluh darah. Anda perlu berbaring diam selama MRI.}{\
\langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052
{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24
\kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lan
gfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f
0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 3.X-ray}{\fs24
ngfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \as
pnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \
af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \la
ngfenp2052 \cf8 x-ray digunakan untuk memeriksa patah tulang atau masalah lain.
X-ray dari kedua klavikula Anda terluka dan terluka dapat diambil.}{\fs24 \kerni
ng0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052
\langfenp2052 \cf8 \par }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \asp
alpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af
2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \
kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langf
e2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \wi
dctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kernin
g2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2
052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 G.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hic
h \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8
\tab }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf8 Penatalaksanaan}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \l
angfenp2052 \cf8 \par }\pard \plain \fi491 \li502 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpa
r \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin502 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \k
erning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langf
enp2052 \cf0 Penatalaksanaan pada fraktur clavicula ada dua pilihan yaitu dengan
tindakan bedah atau operative treatment dan tindakan non bedah atau konsevatif.}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe20
52 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li502 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspa
lpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin502 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0
\cf0
Pada orang dewasa dan anak-anak biasanya pengobatannya konservati
f tanpa reposisi, yaitu dengan pemasangan mitela. Reposisi tidak diperlukan,apal
agi pada anak karena salah-sambung klavikula jarang menyebabkangangguan pada bah
u, baik fungsi maupun keuatannya. Kalus yang menonjolkadang secara kosmetik meng
ganggu meskipun lama-kelamaan akan hilangdengan proses pemugaran. Yang penting p
ada penggunaan mitela ialah letak tangan lebih tinggi daripada tingkat siku, ana
lgetik, dan latihan gerak jari dantangan pada hari pertama dan latihan gerak bah
u setelah beberapa hari.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1
033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li502 \ri0 \sl360
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin502 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \k
erning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lang
fenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Tidakan pembedahan dapat dilakukan apabila terjad
i hal-hal berikut :}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li1222 \ri0 \sl
360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls
angnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 1.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\
uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Fraktur terbuka.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi
-360 \li1222 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin
1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang103
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 2.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1
\u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Terdapat cedera neurovaskuler.}{\fs
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs2
angfenp2052 \cf0 3.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?
Fraktur comminuted.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \
360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls
angnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 4.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\
uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Tulang memendek karena fragmen fraktur tumpang tindih.}{
2 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li1222 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlp
ar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \db
ch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\
\langfenp2052 \cf0 5.\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160
? Rasa sakit karena gagal penyambungan (nonunion).}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard
\plain \fi-360 \li1222 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjus
tright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \a
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \
hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 6.\uc1
\u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? Masalah kosmetik, karena
posisi penyatuan tulang tidak semestinya(malunion)}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }
\pard \plain \fi-360 \li1222 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin1222 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \lo
ch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \
af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \p
ar }\pard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 H
. Komplikasi}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lan
gnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl36
0 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs
1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 Komplikasi fraktur klavikula meliputi trauma sara
f pada pleksus brakhialis, cedera vena atau arteria subklavia akibat frakmen tul
ang, dan malunion (penyimpangan penyatuan). Malunion merupakan masalah kosmetik
bila pasien memakai baju dengan leher rendah.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \h
ich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\p
ard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjust
right \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 Komplikasi akut:
052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1
033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hic
h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 - Cedera pembul
uh darah}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 - Pneum
outhorax}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 - Haemo
thorax}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af
2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 Komplikas
i lambat :}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 - Mal
union: proses penyembuhan tulang berjalan normal terjadi dalam waktu semestinya
, namun tidak dengan bentuk aslinya atau abnormal.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \
hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs2
angfenp2052 \tab }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \la
ngnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 - Non union: kegagalan penyambungan tulang se
telah 4 sampai 6 bulan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \
slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \k
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \cufi0 \li0 \ri0 \sl360
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \ke
enp2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp10
33 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 I. Prognosis}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich
\plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalph
a \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af
0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \d
bch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 Pr
ognosis jangka pendek dan panjang sedikit banyak bergantung pada}{\fs24 \kerning
2 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widct
lpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
ngfenp2052 berat ringannya trauma yang dialami, bagaimana penanganan yang tepat
dan usia}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri
0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0
052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \la
ngnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 penderita. Pada anak prognosis sangat baik ka
rena proses penyembuhan sangat}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi420 \c
ufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustrigh
t \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang103
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 cepat, sementara pada o
rang dewasa prognosis tergantung dari penanganan, jika}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \a
f2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\p
ard \plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspa
lpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
penanganan baik maka komplikasi dapat diminimalisir. Fraktur clavicula disertai
052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \li420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lan
gfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 multiple trauma memberi prognosis yang lebih buruk da
ripada pognosis fraktur}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang10
33 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \ql \fi420 \cufi0 \l
i420 \culi0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin4
20 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \lang
np1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 clavicula murni.}{\fs24 \kerni
ng2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2
052 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \as
pnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbc
h \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par
}\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \cbpat17 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning0
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \chcbpat17 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \la
ngfenp2052 \cf8 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar
np1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \as
palpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hic
57 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalp
ha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \a
f0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \
dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \
cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
\par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspn
um \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af

0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par
}\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \h
ich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\p
ard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adju
stright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \l
ang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich
\plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustri
ght \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \pla
in \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \lo
ch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \
fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi42
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \l
i420 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin
0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
1033 \langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420
\langnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri
0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0
052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \la
ngnp1033 \langfe1057 \langfenp1057 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slm
ult1 \nowidctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerni
2052 {\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \loch \af2 \hich \af2 \dbch \f2 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 Daftar Pustaka}{\fs24 \kerning2 \loch \af2 \hich \af2
\dbch \f2 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning
2 \loch \af2 \hich \af2 \dbch \f2 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp205
2 -}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lang
fe2052 \langfenp2052 Doenges Marlyn E, 1999. Rencana Asuhan Keperawatan Untuk Pe
rencanaan dan Pendokumentasian Perawatan Pasien, (Edisi 3), (Alih Bahasa 1 Made
Kriase), Jakarta: EGC.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 -Reeves CJ, Roux
G and Lockhart R, 2001, Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Buku I, (Penerjemah Joko Set
yono), Jakarta : Salemba Medika}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 -Smeltz
er, Suzane C. 2001, Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Brunner and Suddarth., Editor Mon
ica Ester, (Edisi 8), (Alih Bahasa Agung Waluyo) Jakarta: EGC.}{\fs24 \kerning2
\line }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 -Price S.A. and Wilson L.M., 2006, Patofisiologi Konsep
Klinis Proses-Proses Penyakit, (Edisi 6), Buku II, Jakarta: EGC}{\fs24 \kerning2
\par }\pard \plain \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \nowidctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \ad
justright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \l
ang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plai
n \li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \nowidctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \r
in0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \la
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\slmult1 \nowidctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \lan
gfenp2052 {\field {\*\fldinst {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
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lpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
np2052 \cf0 1.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u
160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \l
angnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Diagnosa Keperawatan 1}{\fs24 \kerning2
\par }\pard \plain \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \a
djustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af
0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \h
ich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Nyeri Ak
ut berhubungan dengan agen cidera fisik}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi4
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 NOC : Setelah dilakukan tin
dakan selama 3 x 24 jam diharapkan nyeri dapat teratasi dengan kriteria hasil:}{
2 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlp
ar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \db
ch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\
\langfenp2052 \cf0 a.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160
?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0
\cf0 Skala nyeri berkurang}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lan
g1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li2270 \
ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \it
ap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 b.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \
hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u
160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{
2 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Klien mengatakan nyeri mulai berkurang}{\fs24 \kerning2 \db
ch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \pa
r }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnu
m \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbc
c.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \lang
fe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \
u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \a
f0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Ekspresi wajah
klient rileks}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langn
p1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \
slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs
1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 d.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \l
och \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u
160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerni
ng0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2
052 \cf0 Tidak adanya laporan nyeri}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li2270
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li420 \ri0 \sl
360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin420 \rin0 \itap0 \fs2
4 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \
langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1
033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 NIC : }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \tab }{\fs24 \ke
np2052 \cf0 a. Teliti keluhan nyeri, catat intensitasnya, lokasinya dan lamanya.
par \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1260 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \
ngfenp2052 \cf0 b. Catat kemungkinan patofisiologis yang khas, misalnya adanya i
nfeksi, trauma servical}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang10
33 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi420 \li1260 \ri0
\sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1260 \rin0 \itap0
52 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lan
gnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 c. berikan tindakan kenyamanan, misal ped
oman imajinasi, viskalisasi, latihan nafas dalam, berikan aktivitas hiburan, kom
pres.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \la
ngfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpa
r \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af
2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \
fenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-360 \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \asp
alpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \k
enp2052 \cf0 2.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lang
np1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \
u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Diagnosa Keperawatan 2}{\fs24 \kerning
2 \par }\pard \plain \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \a
f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \

hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Hambata
n mobilitas fisik berhubungan dengan kerusakan integritas struktur tulang}{\fs24
ngfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-851 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \a
spalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \h
ich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kern
2052 \cf0 NOC : Setelah dilakukan tindakan selama 3 x 24 jam diharapkan nyeri da
pat teratasi dengan kriteria hasil:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425
\rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \la
ngnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 a.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \db
0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \
u160 ?}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Tidak adanya kontraktur / footdrop}{\fs24 \kerning2
\par }\pard \plain \fi-283 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \a
spnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \
af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0
\cf0 b.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \
langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kern
2052 \cf0 Ada peningkatan kekuatan dan fungsi bagian tubuh yang sakit}{\fs24 \ke
np2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-425 \li2410 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspal
pha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2410 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \ker
p2052 \cf0 c.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp
1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u1
60 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?}{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \l
ang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Mampu mendemonstrasikan aktiv
itas yang dilakukan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li2410 \ri0 \sl360 \sl
mult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2410 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \ker
ning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfe
np2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-1135 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1
\widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp205
2 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe
2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 NIC :a. Periksa kembali kemampuan dan keadaan secara fun
gsional pada kerusakan yang terjadi}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-828
lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 b. berikan bantu untuk latih
an rentang gerak}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lan
gnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-828 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \tql \tx1985
33 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 c. bantu pasien dalam program lati
han alat imobilisai. Ingatkan aktivitas dan partisipasi dalam merawat diri sendi
ri sesuai kemampuan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \
360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs
1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-545 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \s
lmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \ke
enp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \
langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-545 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1
\widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp205
2 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe
2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-545 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widc
tlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs
np2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-545 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspal
pha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\par }\pard \plain \fi-545 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \a
spnum \adjustright \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \
\af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par
}\pard \plain \fi-360 \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
\adjustright \lin1135 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \l
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 3
.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe
2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u1
60 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \la
ngfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Diagnosa Keperawatan 3}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \
\plain \li1135 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \l
in1135 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loc
h \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Gangguan rasa nyaman
berhubungan dengan efek samping terkait medikasi.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \h
plain \fi-851 \li1985 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustr
ight \lin1985 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lan
g1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \a
f0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 NOC : Setelah
dilakukan tindakan selama 3 x 24 jam diharapkan nyeri dapat teratasi dengan krit
eria hasil:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp10
33 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \fi-283 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slm
ult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \la
ngfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp103
3 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 a.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160
?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \lang
np1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Mampu mengontrol Kecemasan}{\fs24 \kerning
2 \par }\pard \plain \fi-283 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
aspnum \adjustright \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\cf0 b.}{\fs14 \kerning0 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \ker
p2052 \cf0 Kualitas tidur dan istirahat adekuat}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hic
h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \pl
ain \fi-283 \li2270 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustrig
ht \lin2270 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 c.}{\fs14 \
fenp2052 \cf0 \uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ?\uc1 \u160 ? }{\fs24 \kerning0 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 Respon
terhadap pengobatan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li2410 \ri0 \sl360 \sl
mult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin2410 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \ker
ning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfe
np2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \l
angfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlp
ar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \a
gfenp2052 \cf0 NIC :a. Identifikasi tingkat kecemasan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \a
f2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\p
ard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustrigh
t \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang10
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 b. Gunakan pende
katan yang menenangkan}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang103
3 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \
slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \k
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 c. Berikan obat untuk mengurangi kecemasan}{\fs2
angfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \asp
alpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hic
52 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \as
pnum \adjustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \l
par }\pard \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adj
ustright \lin1080 \rin0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
h \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\par
d \plain \li1080 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright
och \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \cf0 \par }\pard \plain
\li0 \ri0 \sl360 \slmult1 \nowidctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin
0 \itap0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langfe2052 \langfenp2052 {\fs24 \kerning2 \loch \af2 \hich \af2 \dbch \f2 \lang
1033 \langnp1033 \langfe2052 \langfenp2052 \par }}

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