PHARMACOGNOSY PRACTICAL EXAM #4 PHILIPPINE GLYCOSIDES

Cardiac Glycosides
English Name
Adelfa
Kampanero

Scientific Name
Nerium oleander
Thevetia peruviana

Synonyms
Oleander
Yellow oleander
Kampamilya

Part Used
Leaves
Leaves
Bark

Constituents
Oleandrin
Thevetin

Anthraquinone Glycosides
English Name
Scientific Name
Sabila
Aloe barbadensis

Family
Liliaceae

Synonyms
Aloe

Part Used
Dried latex of leaves

Constituents
Barbaloin

Akapulko

Fabaceae

Ringworm bush

Leaves

Chrysophanic
acid

Cassia alata

Family
Fabaceae
Agavaceae

Synonyms
Gugo
Sisal

Part Used
Dried bark
Juice from leaves

Constituents
Saponin
Hecogenin

Patolang bilog

Cucurbitaceae

Smooth luffa
Egyptian luffa

Fruit, leaves

Saponin

Luffa cylindrica
L. aegyptiaca

Family
Brassicaceae

Synonyms
Indian mustard

Part Used
Leaves

Flavonol Glycosides
English Name
Scientific Name
Limon
Citrus limon

Family
Rutaceae

Synonyms
Lemon

Part Used
Rind

Cajel
Bitter orange

Rutaceae
Rutaceae

Bitter orange

Rind
Rind

Rutaceae

Pomelo

Rind

Suha

Citrus aurantium
Citrus aurantium
var. amara
Citrus decumana

Alcohol Glycosides
English Name
Weeping willow

Scientific Name
Salix fragilis

Family
Salicaceae

Libas

Spondias pinnata

Anacardiaceae

Lactone Glycosides
English Name
Scientific Name
Yellow bell
Allamanda
cathartica
Kalatsutsi
Plumeria acuminate
P. acutifolia

Synonyms
Weeping willow
Purple willow
Indian mombin
Wild mango

Constituents
Sinalbin

Uses
Rubefacient
Condiment

Uses
Antiscorbutic
Flavorant
For capillary fragility
For capillary fragility

Naringin
Hesperidin

For dyspepsia

Part Used
Bark

Constituents
Salicin

Leaves
Bark

Tannins
Saponins
Flavonoids

Synonyms
Kampanero

Part Used
Entire plant

Apocynaceae

Temple flower
Frangipani

Bark

16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

Uses
Shampoo, emetic
Precursor to corticosteroid
manufacture
Emetic
Anti-inflammatory

Constituents
Hesperetin
Citric acid
Hesperetin
Hesperetin

Family
Apocynaceae

List of Microscope Specimens

Starch bearing parenchyma of Sarsaparilla
Stone cells of Sarsaparilla
Trachea of bordered pores Sarsaparilla
Ca oxalate crystals in raphides of Sarsaparilla
Trachea of simple pores Sarsaparilla
Fixed oil of Strophantus
Parenchyma containing aleurons of Strophantus
Minute starch grain of Strophantus
Hair of Strophantus
Fragment of lamina with scattered stomata Digitalis
Glandular hair of Digitalis
Nonglandular hair of Digitalis
Ca oxalate crystals of Quillaja
Reddish brown cork of Glycyrrhiza
Starch grains of Glycyrrhiza

Uses
Cardiotonic
Cardiotonic
Cathartic

Uses
For wounds, burns
Purgative
Fungicide

Saponin Glycosides
English Name
Scientific Name
Gogo
Entada scandens
Maguey
Agave sisalana

Isothiocyanate Glycosides
English Name
Scientific Name
Mustasa
Brassica integrifolia

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

Family
Apocynaceae
Apocynaceae

Constituents
Tannins
Curnarin
Plumeirid

Uses
Analgesic, antipyretic
Anti-inflammatory
Antihyperglycemic
For burns, sores, wounds

Uses
Diuretic
Tonic
Purgative
Antipyretic

Ca oxalate crystals of Glycyrrhiza

Trachea of Glycyrrhiza
Muscle of Cantharides
One-celled hair of Cantharides
Membranous wing of Cantharides
Nonglandular hair of Senna
Ca oxalate monoclinic prism of Senna
Fragment of epidermis showing stomates Senna
Crystal fiber of Senna

R. J. Raynes 1