nrocrrsncrnoro MMAKEAOHHH't

B GLJIrAPCKHTE "CP'L:GCKHTE Y'IEIiHHUH no JUffEPATWA

(1878·19-12)

3HaQeHReTO HB YQe6HHU;HTe. 38 C"h'3JJ;aB8HeTO ua OHe3H npenc r ann H H3rlIRCH, KOHTO B YCIIOBHlITO HO HOBOTO a pe a e rtp aa s r OT xo e e xa r p a a na n a a , a OT e r a o c a HJHI TepHTOpHaJIHO-llOllHTH1J:eCICQTR OOIU,HOCT - HOU,Iij[, Beqe MoJICe na ce CM)lTa sa ace otiuio npH3H8TO. E)];B8 11K Tpx6B3 no ar opao na ce 060CHOB3BaT " 3aW;HTaBQT aexe H3K038HHTe C'L)K,lI;eHHH, l:IC '~UMa MHOZO U3mO~HUijU na COijUaJlU:JOllUJl (J MOOep1l0mo otituecmeo, 110 HUKOU He MO:)ICe (Ja ce cpaen u C Ylle611Ullume, C msxn ama cnocotiuocm aa npeo aeam YliutPUijUpalla, oootipena, o opu otjJlJijUa.J!Ha 6epCUIl HQ moea, 6 «o emo ~uaiJume mpJl66Q oa e speam" (Derghahn and Schjss ler 1987: 141).

Ha.IIO)KHTCJIHO e, otiase, na ce XB"L-pnn nornen Bt.PXy [JpOCBeTHHTe CHCTeMH U3 n ae r e JJ;'Lp>KaBRt Dbnrapux H C~p6fla. OT BpeMeTO Me~~y EepnHHcKus KOHrpec H 6aJIlI:aHCKHTe EOHHH. npe a e , KoeTO :).8 u;eUHOCTHaTa CHCTeMa lJ a pal C Jl 0 e " lIT e c p e IJ; H H K JI R C H II a 3 an an 0 C T a H a " bell e epoque" ~ H1BHKSalllft ofipaaa re HR BHCOKH.1I )KH3Uea c'r aanap r, 061I{eCTBeHu}J rtp e c r aar H coun anue r a cTa6nJ1HOCr; apesce , KoeTO aa MJIa.l(HTe GanKftHCKIi ,n;"bp>KRBH: C1:.IIJ.O ce 3anOMHH JaTO ,. xy 6a B ar a e IT oxa " ~ H 0 TI 0 [] o~ pa 3J11P{ HH n plll:lHHH ~ C B'L P J a np: c ac e n p o tr a s s a m o r o HaUHOHftJtHO c s e r o y c e in a a e . P aar n e )((,a,a HeTO H8 Y liMn nm;HH re M pe)((M 6 H Tpjl6 B:lUJO.a,a ,lla.u;e oTroDop HB B'LHHyB8~Hg B~npoc no KaKB8 qHTaTenc~a aYJllITOpUR ,nOCTurBT rrOCJI8UHSlT3 B YQe6mfuHTe. A6coJIJOTHHTe un¢lpH aa IwnHtJeCTBOTO y-qHlIH~a, yqeHHlJ;a H Y'IHTenH BHaCXT cna6a RCHOTa CBMH la'ce6e cn, HeCbOTHeceHll c ,n;pyrH n oxa s a TeJIll (K aA'IeB }997: 391). H an·H H4lopMaTHBHH H n pe nc'r a e a r e nua c a CTSpaTeJlHO p e r ac r p ap a a a r e OT <::l>OTBeTHHTe )1,t.p)l(:aBHH cpr anu cseAeHHR aa rpaMOTHOCTT8 ua nOBo6paHuU'Te " MnaIJ;O)KeHItHTC. T1.it xaro c raaa B'LnpOC 38 MJI3.II" xopa, rnaeuo Me:lK)];Y 18 H 25 roJtHHH, KOMiO casco IJ;O npe.na H.I[KOJIKO rO)lHHH 6H TpJlfiB8JIO na 6"h,n;aT 06XB8H3TH OT YQe6HRTa CHCTeMa, TO re Han-n~lnIO m;e OTpa:HlT pe3YJlTaT8 OT J(bpmaBHHTe YCHJU!,j[ B npOCBeT8Ta.

S3

.. "II
100 100
90 9(l
8tJ 80
70 1IIII,IIi 70
eo 60
00 60
40 40
30- 30 2"6,1
ill :HI
10 10
0 (I
1l*l "I'lllXI 1001 taM ililOQ- 1~
M'b)6:e i.K'euM
of
100
90
80
70
10
IKI 47,6
40
30
;to
10
0
18904 1800 1901
OfiIIl,O Tp auomno cm no uuuama, CKJUQI.J.U/lU 6paK 6 C'bp6ulI.(O noC6fI11JW) u N~neapuR(<< no .. mbMHD) B npoueumu'

RBHO e, -re 6nnrapcKaTa npccae'rua CHCTeMa oT6eJIR)Ba H8lHITeJ1HO no-ziofipn pe3YJITaTJ! B YCHJID:Il'1'a en na 06xBalie JlJIOTO H3ceIIeHHe. nOCJIaHH.2Ta H BHyweHHRTa OT y~"~Km;eTO OCTHraT .QO MHoro nn-mxp ox Kpbr xopa. 01'1{ereM JJH IIHCOK3TR HerpaMotllOCT Ha 6~rrrapcKHTe TYPUH, KOH10 He eft 06eKT Ha 'Lp)((aBHaTa MO)lepHH!l3ltHOHHH nOJIHTHKal TO OTHOCRTenH3Ta pe)lHHH8 ua 61.ITrapHTe CT8BA owe nO-H1JI3Ma. Ha~-jJpKO TR

54

K3H~KBa B CTapaTCnnO H3pa6oTBaHRTe CTaTMCTKK" Ha }W60pHIITe KOMllCHH:

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100 III i(l 70 eo 00 40

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20

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189$ 1tQ.t 1900 19H

Tpaseomuocm ua noeoiipauuume Q C'bp6UH (.~eleUQCI,- pOM6 U cpei)1I0mb,..WIO)J 6 EW/?apUJ o6UJQ (sezenoa: 1<eaiJpam U ~Wii-C6emJW) U CaM.O ua flOoo6pamiume om 6bJ12iJPcf<:a uopoouocm (neeenaa: mpUb?MUWi. u uaumvuuocueo) :;

He3UBHCHMO OT OTHOCaTeJIHlne pa3nHKH~ H B ,IJ,BCTe CTpaHH BHYIllCHID.!Ta OT CTpaHm~HTe aa Ylfe6HHUJITe nocrnrar no ronasr )1;.lI.TI 07 HacenCHHeTO. ocofieno Mb)f(J(yJ'O, Halt-se-re TOM Ce,OTHaCji[ sa llKTaHKHTe H XPHCTOMaTHHTe JIO JlHTCparypa. H'3CJ1e)tOMTenCKOTO BHHMaHHe nocera ce e CbCpe,noTOlJ.aBaJIO npe)lIDofHO D'LPxy yqc6HHQln:e ITO HCTOPH SI, BCbUUtOCT OT I:lCWIKH: xyMaH UTa pHD rrpe)l,MCHf u;ellTparrnOTO M1lCTO a y'!eGHMTe ] ipo. paMH BllHaL'l1 ce ornaaa aa nauHOHaJIHHH e311K. Tona cc 3aJHlSl.8a JlCHO B M" H Kc-repctm HapeJl6H Ii YKa3aA ml ~ TOBaJ1H1.JU OTMHor06poihmre =acoae, OTJl:_eJHHtH::l:l nero M B rpnre yqHJlHUlHH

HHBa.
C1.p6H1I Cpl>6CkW On!lICC :3aK(}U 06mo 06~[j,o npOU.eUT
6MrapcKil TBOll-CtJ,e oo:t<H: Hll. Ha na
ro]1,lma eJHK Hlie
{H"CTOPH:II nan, HRt(. y-uie Ea.U.
+reorp.) rpyna rpyna
upellMem
1883 29 4+8 8 49 93 52,7
1&91 JO 3-1-9 8 50 98 52
1899 28 7 8 4) 98 43,9
IiLilrapult
]8&5 44 6 :5 5.5 &9 53.4-
J&SIt 43 .3. 4 :0 95 52,6
8
Ce,!I;MHllHO pasnpenenea He aa y:aCOIlCTC B HaqaJHJ UTe yq 101)1 Hl..Qft (rn, pBrlTe
-rerapa ornenenns) 55

~UjI Cp'b6c..atl lJcTopl-tli T'rorpa- 3aKOH ~ 06w.o IIpou.e~l'
6wlr. "'~ EM" Hi!. ila Ha
rO.!lIlHa eJHJC Hau.. npol1tM- uau,
rpyna Hal"UTe rpyna
1881 11 6 ]2 8 43 122 15.2
1888 l6 6 9 S 39 r22 32
1~ h'i 7 W 8 4] 126 325
.&bnn.P~UI
1885 11 5 7 "\ 33 &9 37.1
]800 lS 6 7 :5 36- 9] .(}
1903 tS 6 6 4 3] 85 J6J
Ce)l,MHttHO paanpeneneaae liB sacoaere B npOI'MMHalHHTe (qernpH
ro)),lUlH B Cbp6HX H"lpH - B GbnrapHR)
CJ.pIjttA. Cp1>'fiC:kl-r HcrupWl norpa- 3aIIDH 061U,O 06uto Ilpoueur
l61..n:r. -<lI~t:l1 6olK1i aa Ha 1m
J'Olltl'la e3KK (~ Hau.. rUfdI-l83M Hau.
y'!:emre) rpyna -are rpyml
188J 12 13 25 tOJ 24,8
1838 l6 16 4 36 l30 27.7
1898' 14 16- 4 34 l30 262-
G1.nrapliSl
1900 IS 12 4 2: 29 116 28,4
191.0 l7 II '} 'J7 137 'll CeJl,MW .. IH() pasnpenenenxe na -qaCOBeTe B rHMHa3mtTe (ropen KYPC; xerapa 1\WIHH :& C'Lp6WJ (TPH ~ D 1881) H BhnrapID!: ([JeT - OT 1910 To»)

Koero e OC06eHO MlCHO, tteroaara ,aOMHlia.IUfS e rrQWleprnHft B rrspmrre, HaJt-MaooBO nOC~H OTlteJIeHHIl; B mrlt-paHHara .u;ercKa B'L3paCT )"IeHH]('l,T nte IIOJ1Y'laBa 3JlBHHf sa 06KP'hJl(ftB6I.U"OTO- ro o6rn;,ecTBo~ npencrasx aa Ha..t..J;H.OH8.11 Ham 'm,oopruKaeMa 06I1UlOcr~ HMeltHO Of lJ3COBere no MBTepeH e3H)(.

BTOPOTO yrcxneuue C~ oOTJIOC1I no 410pMaTa U Cb1D;HOCTTa lIa paarnexnamrre OT Hac KrIHrH. l13HeHa,n;BaBlo 38 )lReillHVne KOHI.lem.QIH sa Y\ft6HUItH no e~UIK H JlKTep~Typa:, H B )l;heTe CTpSHlI lJ:HT3HKHTe H. XPRCTOMftTlUlTe He ce AOMH KHpar OT X,YJlOlReCTBeHR Te)(CTOBe. BMeCT() TOBa re npeanarar KOKTe.An Of MHOroo6pB.1HO 3HaHHe aa \[OBeKa, npaponara H U6l.I(ecTBOTO. Hsxoa paaaa CpWCICH H3,!l,aHHll HanOM U JlT )8. cpt)],HoneKOBHHTe pe1IHTH'OOHH c&PHlU.J;H: paaaemr, osarnanen H ICaTU bllooOOKHR plllMHUJJIeHIDlu ~ ·~3a 'fOaeKa~ Hpall.C1'BeHOTO (f TerreCHOTO B'b3]1HTftHHe" t ~~)KMBOT()OnHcaHIDI HEt crr8BHH xopa", "11.380)1 QT noaecrra xa CJlaIDli:ICI(HTe HapOAI1~! 03HWlPBaT UP0.ll,bJ])KaB8lll.0TO 3am130aHe HEl onesn BnHUlHH q.OPMU, aapaasaama MeHTamlOCT'I'a ua TLHKHll BReMeR MoD xopa OT arpapaare 06n(eCll~a wyr e B'bJIPOCLT ttaJIH roaa 03HWlanft aanaaeaae " H8 TPMI1({KOHHara. C'blllHOCI, RJIH

56

57

e caxo ~ I QrraKOBKa H)'. Or na'laJ1oro aa nep(fOM B Doll rapns HOT xpas na 80-Te I'QJ{HHH B Ct.p61HI KOMDo3HUIDITa na Y'le6mu.J;Kre M,II;Ba J],a oroene)lm noapara ICbM lI03UTHBHOTO n01HaHl1:e~ PaJ,I),e.tIHTe ce UMeHYBa'I' KaTO hHCroPHS" t ~IOT XPHCl1(j[QCICaTa HttY.Ka~' t "or EIayKaTl sa npu~a H ()T RaPOAHOTO C.TOJl8.HCTBO~~ "OT HOYJOlT8 .18 }(,H.B01'lUlre H POOTeHH.ltTa'" H up. (ThophCBBh,. GJIaroJeoHb 1894; Mall'IJOB 1889 H np.), ,Q0PH ICQfRTO OTKbCHTe npencraasr pa1nHI.{HH JIHTePmypUU .pOPMH: rrsrenaca, nH-CMa~ npuKa3KH, pa.'3Ka3li~ CTHl<OTOOpeHHR H np, ~ nax TeKCTOoere nonynspaaapar pa:.m:H:tJHH RayKH (MuweD, KOCTOB 1895). E.lI;Da D C.flIMOTO naee-sepxe ][8 liaJtKa.i-ICJl:a.T3 90aHa~ cnea ,ll;'bnfH 06C'L)K)tanHH B mneKHIBHHlI iteurpanen opran, B C'Lp6mt H3.IDf.)a lIbpSOro Hl)1;HHJ{e~ KOeTO e YlJe6HJ!J( no mrreparypa a }!:CTRHCK]{)'I CMHC"LJI aa It)'Mara (" BKOII H h 19li). B"b-B Be HlrKH H3,l],RHH.q npeo6.rIS,lUlBa c60pHH~T noJtx.o)1,~ H3BnH.tJaUl; nJIO,1l,QBe OT paJJIH'tIHHre Q6m.\cTH aa 1.fOSemKOTO T103RaUlfe. He3aBHCHMO )],aJIH crasa Bbrrpoc sa 1J.lffi1HKH c eneaearapna AeTCKH anarrrauaa HnH sa r»~UaJliaJ1HH y~e6mlQU c OTKbCn or TBop6a lia To~almU! eoneuia CBeTOBHH Y1.feHH KaTO )J{(()JJ MHIlIJIe~ XeHpH Boxn HIIH EPHecT Peaan - BJlH3rH nareperypara e Cbll'b'l'CTB)'BHlm Or t1Pynf npe,llMern KM'O m;ropuJI, feorpaq.:H:lI~ .pOIfKIIOp~ BHHflTM ce npene.ea eHU:tlK}lOneAH<.J}[O~ a tre e,lJ;HOCTpauuo mrreparypuo n03UftHKe.

HanOlKHTCJ1HO e ~ uanpannsr Ii TpeTOT'O Da)f(HO yTO~JHeH'HC. Am B D'bJIrapM.q OIU,e or CaMOTC HaqarrO MaKe,u,OJDI:l1 DJ]li3a B qUTaHKHTe jcaro qaCT OT HaUHOHDJIHOTO UlJlO~ TO B C'L p6rn:ITOBa He e TaKa. n pell,U Bepna HCKffiI KOHrpec HIMa YQe6miK no JlHTePaT)'pa, KOHTO na e OT.1leJIllH cuen;uanHo BUHMaHHe aa ofinacrra; EtelICO ITOBel.!e • JJ:OKOJ1KOTO Maxeaonns ce cnosrenaaa, T.'!: qmrypHpa OO-CKOpO KnTO qymna, HecpWCKa ofinacr. Taxa natipaaara HHTeJIeKTYaJIHR ~lHepu.lfJ[ rrpozrsnsasa H npcs 1880--re roJl,HHH. Y'IC6HHU;an sa llb pmrre TpH OT~JICHH.JI noxra He crrOMeHflBft'l' o6JIa¢1'T$ (Gyltoap 1884; qUUilIlRa 1.890; q H .... allKl 1888} HaMCTHHa. lUlTllH sara sa 1[eTIJh pro OT nenenae BKJllOIJBa enao HOBO CTHX01"BopeHHe, KaJ:.TO 11 nocera rresaraaara uaponaaranecea HMapnrr3 .neBoj:hca~\ npHC"Le)lHBJI'.samK MaKc.n;,OHlIf.I KbM HaltlIOHanHaTa 0611 l1-l:0 CT. C1>IlJ.CBpeMeHHo o6aQe npenemrre Ha roroH3TOK Of CPC)],HClBeKOBHa C1:.p6H.s:! npo)],'bJUlCaBaT /lIl ce onpenertar ICfITO rpLUKU, Hum, Ceonxe a Ilpxspen ca "epaooee no ~pbij1(()mo "Iapcmfid~; Bee ome 06.1lClUIBa, qe cpenaoeeaoauoro fu,J.lra~KO uapcrao 06x8aHaJIO MaKe,!l;OHlUl: H A.IlOOUHJI (Xpaeru? 1 B &5: 8-13; 38; 48·49; 116). Y1JeOHHQuTe sa cpenaare yqHJUHQa He MBaI' MHOro noonpc,n;crreHQ I1pe)1C'l"dBtL B Ma'l8;rOTO H8 nGpHO;!l;,A. ce yI1oTpe611Ba nporaaeaaaanuara xpHCTOManfJl OT 1870 r., B ](Q.I[TO :HMeTO- aa o6J(acTTa ce ynorpefe ea CaMO Be)l)[l.1K~ npH O[1HCOaHero aa nOCJle,D;H.J.J,l!Te OT KOCOBO: .. oiue mpae msxnama [na mypuume] ntMW1a cauoeosna enacm e Bocua. Cmapa C1:>p6Wl u Xepueeoeuua; o6Jr.acmu 8 KOUmo acueesm C'bp6u, U 8 5wi'apWl U MaKeorJHWlJ 06flGCmU 6 soumo :JCU6eJlm uausume eOuo8ep!lU U PoONUHU 110

esu« U KPlJrJ, 6wI~apume" (HOB3IOOBHh 1870: 138). Tona e H eAJ{HCTBeHH nacax, Koflro ml{aBa, ue noae 8BTOpbT HMa scao smenne ITO C'LBpeMeHuar rpanana (MaKap H TlpnfiJIH3UT¢lIHa) Me:lK,lJy 6b.llrapH H C'bp6H. HaSCHK'L,D;e npyraae ofiaqc D penxsrre cny1JaH) xoraro ce rosopa sa MaKe,l),OHHJI, He ce C'lI3,llaBa nocnezrosarenna npencraaa. n pes 1883 rcnuna ofuIaClTa HJo6~o e H3KJIlOl{eHa OT HOBOTO H3;::taHHe na Y1Je6mum (HOB8KOBHb 1883; HOBaKoBHb 1895). CD-CTaBHTeJICKaTft n:nepl~SI npon'hJlJKaBa n nopn H nO-K'LCHO~ npe3 1890-Te rollHHH. rHMHa.:m:tUma KHHra nOMe-CTBa POM8HTII'lHH P83Ka'JR or paHHIDI 19 BeK, 0 KOHTO Maxeztonas M'Lrml:BO nposnpa earo o6nacrr, p 83 J] H xaa 0 r casr ar a Cbp6HR, HO [JOTeHIl,HaneH TCPC][ sa pannapenaero na Cp'h6CKaT8 ,IJ;'Lp)Kaoa (nOJw6eH CTaTYT HMa 1-1 TeCaJIHJI) (HyJIOBHh 1895: 48-58~ 63 - 6 4 ) ~. 0 co De H 0 no p asaren ea e Cny'laJIT CbC C1'Ol=IH HOBaKOBUlf OT 1895 r. Torsaa TOn [JOJ{TOTM Rosa BepCHSI na BTOPH9" TOM OT npornMHMHMHara XpHC"[OMarna~ B KOSiTO - sa pa3J1HKa or npe,IJ;HmUHT'C en TIlCHOC}Th6cKH YQe6H11UH - JlKRlOqBa OTK'LCH, npencraasum BCHIJKH: pattonn na 06mWpHaTa ct.p6o:on.PBaTCKa 06II.J;.HOcr: .llaJIMaUH~ I1CTpuJ(t Xspnarns, COOBOHHlJ ... Ho If cera mno Jl)'Ma He ce ofiensa aa MaKeJlOH WI. II pa TOBa e BK.lJJOIIeH OTKt..C OT AHllPIDl KaQHQ-MHOllIHq, KOHTO ITpC;O;aBa lfcropn!ra na CpnfiCKHH KHJtl BlI8JtHMHp H ~'6bJ!2apume" Cro.tYHJl H Kocapa (HOOIolKOBHb 1895~ 84-88) - otinacrra He e cnoaeuara n3pWlHO~ HO· acouaauas ra H )lHCXapMOHlUITa C Hay'teHOTO B ~iaCOBCTe no HCT-OPHlt sa uCJJaBHHO-MaKe):tOHCK".l[~~ rum !iC'Lp6o-MaKe)l;O!{CKHJt~~ uap CaM)'mI e IT'LJIHa.

ElI;1"Ia OT 189l f. B aauanaure 11 OT 1894 r. B CpeHHHTe YlJltJIHilJ;8 ce nosesear yqe6mlU;H~ J(OKTO MBaT acaa H nocnenoaarenna npencreea sa Maxenonaa KaTO e)],Ha OT MHOroro Cpo6C)(H 3eM"6-. Hauiero cpastreuae m;e l-f3noJ[:J.Ba HMeHHO npocrpaHOTBeHIDIT o6pru na cpb6cKa MaKe.tJ;OHHH, KOATo ce nOSlDJlBa or 1890--re rOJJ;HHH HaCeTHe.

Ilocneaauar KOHTCKCT)'aJ1eH acnexr, KOAID"'I)'K C(lMO uie MapKnpaMe, ce OTHaCH )];0 M.'lCTOTO aa npOCTpaHCTROTO 'iMaKe,IJ;OHH.lI" B C'LOTBeTHHTe HauHOHaJIHII TepHTopMMHH rrpencraaa. li'LJIr.ap<:f(&·ue lJ:RTaHlrn u:186paBHT!~ sa Tpn ofinacrn OT D'h-06pruKaeMOTO Can-Orerpeacxo TIUlO: Cesepna )l;06py,ll)K8, Ilosropaeuero Ii IO»<"na Tp aJ<H 9. KOHU,eUTpMpaT ce CRMO B'LPxy CBofiO)l;HHTC npefteml H M8Ke,Ll,OIlHR. fup.ne CKOpo Maxenonas H3Jl"bKM Karo eNlHCTBellaT3 nopoeena 06J]aCT~ KaTO eJ1.H HCTBeH CHMBOJl na HoocB06o,1leHaTa 6'bnrapm;'-lHa. OT APyra CTpana, aa qn,.6cKnTe Y'lC6JUU'{ff MaKe,nOHlUI He e BJKJllOl(RTerrHa 06.rIacT~ a C9MO ezura OT MHOroro~ mm emta ,ay3HHa uCpb6CKH 3eMHu: Crapa Cspfina, C'LpfiHSI, 4epHa mpa, Bocna, Xepueronxaa, ,l{8..JIMaWI9"} Baaar, Ea'lKa. Cpess, Bapans, Cnaaoeus, X 'bpBaTHJ[t HCipID1 ...

***

BCt,lUHOCT 06pa3UN 30. MaKe)),onHJ[ ca ecrecrseno npO,llbJDKeHHC na

58

npeAC1'aBHTe, rpaAeHM sa OW[ecTBO H HapO]J:. ,lI.oKaro cpl.6cKaTa Hal.l,"OmU1HB H)leRTRl.(HOC1', 3a.n.aJleHa OT ~~6y1UlTCJIH1e" OT ntna HaBYK Kapa,ll)Klft{t ce rpa,n;t B ,:illeU KOHTHflYBTeT c napomtoro TBOpqeCTBO, c neceuans cncxen 38 c peAUOB e ICO DR am ..uP ploKaB~ TO 6bxm pc 1m re KY JITY pua 3aKOH o,n,aTcnli .trerIITHMHpaT nosara nauaoaama 06111lJOCT xpea ~~OTKPHTH,,"Ta" HB caetoaaa HayER. AKO <ilomrnopHO-UClOPH lJeCKillIf o5pm J],OM HHlJpa cph6cKHTe ~m1'aInrn. npoHH30aR:KH JJ;8.)Ke :lKa1tpOBC, KonTO 4JopMaJI][{) ca reorpaipcxn HJIH nareparypuu. TO s nhlIraplU[ TCKCTO~ sa MRHaJJOTO. rrspso, ca npOH3DO,ij,lUt He 01 enoca, .a OT lIO- BKC()KaTa HCTOpRo-rp.a4lCKa rpMlm.HSl. H BTOPO, "MaT lid aoro [lO-OrpaHH1:IeHB ynorpetia. 06poo"b T Hi 6wIr(lpCKU Ma«e)l,OHH ~ IIO'lHDa CD~O na 3BTOHOMHHTe npencraan sa :leN! aa C1:.HapoJt"HU;"~ npx TOBS c:rpa;:t.a1IUl non; QY)K)1;O po6C'I'OO. a, J lQ-nalKHOTO, :U lle':lYBano K,DtlClIB .lpaH; no.ao6UH OTlJOCKreJIHO CaMOCTOHreJITfR 06pa3K ca HeMUCJTllMH :s C'Lp6HJ[, AD,nero BeW,IIW e nO,ll'lH.Ht:HO aa -C"HUKpen-lI.[HH1'e cPOJJK)Jopml npencraaa, paasarare M II'tOBe, ImH, axo ynorpetiax H)pa31t ua AlrrhtI H. CMHTt mythomoteur, I(QAro ziasa usaocntara CMlICJlOaa paMKa ua eTfUllJeCKal'a (l6llJ,HOeT~ 05RCWlBa CJlY'1Ban."{OTO ce C He.H H onpenens HeitOaTa ··CLl.QHOCT" (Smith [993: 24).

B MHDTO 6bJl'rapClCH ytte6UHll,U Ha nIlc.u.eH nnan np" onncanusra aa Mmre)l,omlJ[ m,[l1d(Ba npaponnara xy6oCT. TeKCTOBeTe 'LIecro ce orpaaauaser H3l.{SlJ10 c npHpOJQm:re OnHCaHIm. C MilHH MaJIRO lUl" wm6lIl,O 6e3 CIIOMeHl'IBalle xa HSlKftKbB 6l>}lrapcKH onpenenarerr. Hecnapao ce rpansr o6pa:m lla JeJleHH ropa, BI-ICOIUl n,l1aHHHH.,. DJJO,l{OPO,l{1(ff 1101lCTIl~ IO)((HH pacrenxs, D'LJ]HOOOJl,HH pexa, 6HCTPH escpa, 6e3KpaihrK paOHHHH ... 3apa.a.H xpacorara nasononamrre elf, aanpxxep, Bonen e ~moro no-npeaaouaran OT C'bCTaruITeJlHTe sa lJlurunmre, OTlronKOTO BaOOH3() pa3nOJIOlKeHHX Ky~mi~ l)aK1"l>T, l{e II'bpmUIT rpan )l'bflLO e 1l0MMIlHpaH OT na'TpHaplIfJR'TKO (rp1i.Ulro H rpM«)MaElCKo) MiHOlHHcmo, a 6l'OplHIT e saro [])lJ10 6'bJ1rapoeK3apxHACKH C B8)!(HH npUHOCH aa 6LnrapcKOTO B1.'3paac.n,aHe, ce OK83Bft 01' nO-BTOpocT{:J!efJHO 3HaqeHHe npe)], npaponaera xyOOCT. B ,lefiCTBHc BJIH3a ycnneno C'b3)l,a&anaTa H Belle Jl.1:.J16mro BlWpeHeHa B C'Il3H8HHeTO ua npH.f[(;~JHne 'UITa'tCJ)H ~COQHJlUIi'~, rmsrro o6B'b psea rtpnponaera xy60CT C PO,J1;DOTO H 06PaTHO. H]J D KaKTO rnacs e,D;Ha ((RTHpaHaB YQe6HHll,nTe ceareanaa, ~~l«JlJmo ce On'M1J'6a cpeUW omesecmeomo - 4JRU3a CJMUfY npupcOama" (KoCT(JII., MHllleo 1894: 70; KoCTOB, MHmeB 1902: 72). DnpOqeM, B T08a oraomenne 6'bnrapCKnre YQe6HMllH He ca H3l\IHQtIemIe. E,IlHH-cTB()TO ua HOBan nalUWRaJIHanl 06m;HOCT c npapoaara BHaarn CC lJOCTHra 1.Jpe3 nOCJIe){OB8TeJ]HO H3ThKBaHe aa HHTMMnOTO~ rrpanoanarasrnre OnHcaHHJi aa "npaponara' B,l1l>X;nar KOM~oprJ n()1JHT H )l,O~TOJi:HCTBO, qYBCTBa HQ cnosnjlna HHT5tMHOCr HJIH sennxae rsa He.ll.OCTbnHoro 1m: ecrecrseno o6Kpu<eHHe (Smith 1993:] 85).

B Cbp6HJI no jo({aEp CJJeQHaJrJlHTe OTK'bCR aa MaKe.a;OHH)l ce BMeCTBQT He B QHCTO 4>OJIKIlOPHH're HITH IiCTOpH~[eClmTe :lICflHpOee, a 811B $tlpMaTa~

MfITJ)lUl,aTa na reorpaecxoro npencrasase (DKlJIOI{eHH npep,HMHO B pasnemrre sa "sesrmonac"): 'Je HMaT3a U;e:11){3. rrp€J{CTaB>1T npOClpaHC1:BOTO uMaKC;n;OHH:I[!~ xaro enaa OT MHOI'OTO ~~C]Yb6CKH 3eMM~!. Ho rosa 8 HHKaK"LB cJlYlJait He 03HalIaBa~ qe na rrpe.n:.eH nJlaH, KaTO B bbJlrapH:lI, me H3.IDl3ar XY.ll(»KecrneHHTe OllHC8HlUI ita npapomrara xy60CT. Hanponra, B noseserc CJI}'1.f8n m.reHa'Ia OT MaKenOHHH BllH3aT KaTO TO"lJ(H aa B'bofipaJKaeMam eraaxecxa K8PHlllMeEJHO KaTO CHMBOJIHH MecTa OT cpb6CKaTft HcmpH.!!:; RcropHQeCKo-4>ommopmrre MOTHfll! QTHOBO npoaxsaat o6nacna. Pasxassr sa Oxpaa OfiB'bP3Ba rpaaa C1.C cpMiC1iWI'a. OOlll,OOCT 1lpel aKLl,eHT Hb POXY B peseero na CreWIilH )ly rnan, KOlho ro npenan sansnro aa IDIKaK'LB coon Bofioo,aa:i!; Ilpanen UBTOM&UHeCKK ce onacsa ne KaTO Memo ll.PY ro, a KaYO •• C mosuuanu: no KpWIf?8 UIJ Map!<O, cuu bm ilyKaumJlori ~. npllPOIDIHTe OTIHCaIIKSJ ee :11 rulBaT}iaTO .!{OJIt.JJB.aU{H WplOOt. ~e H B Halt-JlHTCparypHa:ra "lJlITaHlCa -ua Manotn HBI«)OHlJ, ~ craxorsopenae onucsa xpaccrara na Bapnap, cnenaar' 3BTOPOSH B"LnpOCH KaTO "c 1\.aKBO ce cpamm8a Bapoap? ", "3aUjO cmosemusma .:tfOlam oa ce cpaeusm C ffblIuumer ~ 1(OH'£O E-IaCO'ln~.aT yqefUU:;a. .KbM na.pan.e.:rwre "' aC0u.HaU;HHTe C MJ1ElarrOTO~ c HcropH':IeCKtlTa Cn,rt6a na CPWCKIDl Hapo))' (ltBK'OIHh ] 911 : 84-85) .. CaMO e,n;HH enaacrnen TeKCT e IIOCSCl"eH ua ~JHCTO npHpO.D:UHTe onHcaHHR!o. 11306mo • .8 CPJ:,6CKHTC 'lJHTaH KH H X pacroxrarn n ce nocrara DHOBa XapN:OHHtJJ[O e,1I,HHCTBO~ KOeIO CIIOlIBa IIpnpOlUITa c o6pa']~ or HCTOp:WiITa~ B11HBa D CP'b6CKH.II nen~Ja)f( J{OMHHHpal.l1,H HCTOpH~Jec}(H CHMBonn •

• jr •

C'Wl'bPJK8HMero na YQe6HIIl.];l-JTe fI D nsere c'IpaHH orspossa e,llHH o6ll{ nonxon: H.HMa HUTO eJU.fH cneuaanea TeJ(CT aa BHJIO Mope. Cpn6CKHTe YQe6nHJ..P( De ro cIIOMenaBaT HOOKe B nODOKOMIlOHHpaHH.'T"e CTnXOToopeHHS: H TeKCTOBe 051UO aa HaU;HBla. XyltO)KtCTBenHj["f pasxea na xpucroaarmrre He ro sxmosea J{a>re IU)]HHH CJ1C.n; KaTO e H36yxH8Jla rsproecsera Bo:A:aa c ABCTPOYarapmJ H cpl:.6tlUrra ~t\.Q1i.QMl(t<a e CTaHMa )l(ltlHeMO 3aBl!cHM3 OT HlJ'Ja3a npes ConYH H ErcJtcKO MOpe. B E'WlrapHllDXJ10 Mope sanoxaa ll(lH.lIKbJ{C na ce IIO}'JMBa~ HO He xaro cneunanen 06pal~ CB'bP3rut ca Mal(C,[I,OlIH.Jo1, a IIO-ClOOPO KaTO npmcaana ,I1aJIeQlJa rpamrua xa nsnara Hap0,11ROCTIi8 06ll.],I[QCT. E;:l){][CTBeHHH'f paJKa3, pa3r]Yb.J.l.J;aJ.IJ;, Jl.CACTBHeTO CH B MopeTO~ BC'Lm;HQCT ro npectonaaa KaTO ~)l(JtO npoCIpitHCTBO~ nocnennasr ~x6"HCKR npenen npena OCBQ6o)fCJ{aOaHeTO H8 3aTOQeHHH MaKC):lOHCKH 6b.rrrapHlI - D p)13"bK mHTpaCT C'bC 3CMfTa~ KOHTO e CHMBOll na oreQeC7E.01"O (qi\K CrIeR. crsneeaero na COJlYHCKH.lI 6p:l1r ce nnasa B ponnaara) (MR}IIIOB 1884: 38); (AnTLHK'OB 1892: 30-' 1). 3a CMenm aa TOBa lliHpOKO nesarana HOBK cmxorsopeana H PaJKH3H pl1CYB8r DJIJ10TO Mope K8TO eCTeCTBeH!I rpaaana na 6DnrapcKfnl aapon, xaro 4lMJ1'pa. pucyaauta 06UlHpnocTT'a H npOCTOpHOC'l"T8. HMeHJlQ na Poznaara (MSRIIOB 1884: 38); (A..1frLIlIroB ] 892: 30-31). Ocoseno rtorrynspen e 0TII:bC'b'f

60

or Boteaara rtoeaa "'Xa""JlYTH'~~ B Imam pO,lUIHTe npocrpaacraa ce BMeC'T'BaT a; neceanoro eKO.

'3a rytt MY nee necetrra

Ha OrpaEJJO((a 6aHp ropera Ha HplUI-nH.pHH -rpeeara Me)l;eH UM KaBaJl npHrJlarua Or U:aperpa.n:3 110 Cbp6cI<:O Ii C acea liM mac )KeTBapKa Or Bano MOpe J];O )1yHaBlI•

KaK'TO 0PHrHEUUlHaT8 aapozuta TP3Jl.HlUUJ Ha cbP6H R 6'wnapH! rara H HOBOC1.CTaBemne npeacrasa aa HaIJ.HaTa H3KlIKl'{BaT MOpero (no-cneturanso DjlJlOTO), KaTO 'tmeT OT 06proaH3 Ore"!eCIBOTO II lIapo,!l;a. Cnyqan, xoaro nasa IJ;a nO)1;CKa)KC~ 'Ie none B OH3H nepaon TJlaH~QPMHpaUe'lO H npeotipasyaanero na TpB)J;lUJ;HoHHHTe npeaauns liMa cP,OHTe CCTeCTBeHH orpanaxesxa:

MO,l1,epHlHe npe)J;CTaSH aa i'Sb06paJKaeMhTa o6w;uocr~' He Morat ,!J;a C}(bCa.T pa.'tHKaJtl-lO C K)'rrIYPHHTe nannacrsaaaas aa nO-CTapHTe reaepauna,

Ilnanamrre ce nO.llD1IBaT Jl(l~tJ:eCTO. ELl,HHCrBeHHST cp106cKH teJ(CT~ H]lJ;JIJIO J10CBeTeH H3 CP'h6CJ{ftla npnpona, e HMeHHO sa lllap nnaaaua, H3JI'hl(Bam;a KaTO Hafi-suc()](OTO MjlCTO) OTICLJl,eTO ce OTKpHBa BH,ll; K&M MHOro l!: npocropaa CpWCKH 3eMH (RamHh, WeBnh 1902: 63·65). Bsarapnre HMar I1t.K ocofieaa cna50CT Kt.M nHpHH: JIC1fTH BceK", yoqe6HHK noxecraa no e)l.JlII cneuxanen TeKCT 38 nero", Ilpn ace TOIIa He WOlKe na ce KaJKet qe IlJ18HHlfHTe C Blip:l1T rrspsara U;HrY)]Im Il OPKeCTb pa, KOMll03RpaU\ 06pa33 sa Mai.Wl,OHH:II. En;HH OT .rexcroaere e npeacranmene« sa 6'bJlrapCIOOTO OTHOllleHHe KbM npHpo.nHI1Te npencrasa, H3UaBBaJ.UH o6rraCTIa: ··A'I(o ce K(lYUM ua HJlJroU om "aU-6UCOIl ume pooonc KU 6bpXO(Je u n02ReomM npaeo na 10?, "Ie tl'UOUM eONG cmpaua, uaepecmocana CDC cusu cmp'bMH.U nJlaJIWIUJ KOwnO 3aepU;)ICOam o6wupuu xy6U8U nosema u meCNU OM1U oOJumu, Tasu cmpaua ce KaJ(Ja MaKeiJomm. TIl e. .?O.!lJLM U 60l"ama cmpaua; (J nonemama U spee :JICUmo, aUQCOH. cyeaMJ naMYK, 800llUHumc U -eposoe uU306wmu 6"1zytllU 060tqUH. B MaKeOoHllfl »cueesm IIQ!UU tipam» 6M2apu. ... " (&aibroB 1895: 128~ 130). MCPeTO He e aasonauo, J1J19.HHHore ca CaMO erma septa OT neil aaxa .. ..Qet!:CTBHTe..·UIO, B1.8 BCH1.fKK Y1fe6u H LJ;H rrpocrpaucraoro ·~MaKeJ{OIJHJI." ce ofipasyaa 0'[ MHOro6poitHH I-'! pa3m-r'lHH eJIeMeHTH OT reorpadicsara HOMemmazypa: pexa, llOJIRHM, pa»HHHHt JIn8HHHM) esepa, J]OJIeTa ... Jl:OPH aKO MO}Ke ;:ta ce roaopa aa CHMBOJI N!:! 1 na 06nacrrR, 6e3cnoPliO TOOO e OX:PHJJ: It OX{lH,llCKOTO esepo, npx TOBa He CaMO sa D'hJIrapHJI, NO H sa C'bp611:11: D,lteaJIHO CDt(erftHHe J[a npasasua ,ll,eBCTBeHa Xy60CT I.f HCTOpllqeCkH cnoMeIlH1).

B KpaiiHa cxerxa noaesero OTK'bCH sa o6rracTIa! nopa " JUIKQ:H "mCTO "npupoznru", ca. 'CB'hp3aHU' rro-cxopo c qOaeWKOTO npacscraae, OTKOmroTO c cbH]HQeC!(aTa reorpaqma". Cpb6cEGlTe npen.cTaBH aa Maxe.n;oHfuI

61

npOHlJIR3aT OT HCTOPH.1lTA \\ enoca, CnCpe)l;OTINaBfIT ce Bbpxy rpanoaere, HBCeJIeHtfCT'O H BJIaJJ;eTeJIll'I'e MY. E'bflrapeIUlTe OltKCaIllUI ca HaCO'IeHH K'LM C'hOpeMeHliOCTTa; .uOCTOHHCTBara na npRp(),l:taTR ce onpenensr OT Mll:CJl.Kre H nososcnare aa 60JJW HHCTBO"JO 6'LlIraplt t or :U;eHHOCTllTe aa 3eMe,n;eJICKOTO o6mecTBo; lIHCTO DlJaHHHCJ(Q-CKOTOB'LllHHTe 34WITH:lI .[];O fOJUIMR creneu ca JlOMeH na eTHlflIeClGJ ttylK,ll;H'fe BJIaCH H KapaJ(aq8HH. MolfOO 6" rosa r.u;e HH noxome )la. pn:IDepeM 38WO l1JIaHHHaTa HMa orpsnrrseso, a M0pe10 - nO'HM HHKaKBO .l1PU:C'hCTBHe B fu..rIrapc~ H CplIfiCKH npe.n;CT8BR sa Ma.Ke,I),oHH.ll, apra K)'Jl HpaHH OT YIJ:OOHHUHTe no n:ureparypa.

Ji,EJlEjK]Qf

I C"ramClwIIut ronruuHa" KpaneoHHf: CJ611Jc, ll, 1894- J895, Eeorpa,ll,.. 1898, 84-85; lV, 1898-)899, Beorpan, 19()2, 94-95; XH. J901-l908, EeorpMl 1913,54-56; CmmcTH~eCl(M ronHIlIHHK Qa &n1llpCt«ml- ~o,.lV, 1912, CO~:tf)!. 19] S, 68; V- xrv 1913-1922, C., ] 924, 64,

l A pxua q:6I'1je, Mlle, 19121 15·93 , Ilpoo,elrrHO crane TUtCMeHHX ooj I1Hka no POJJ.OB!Dr!B opylJOtja y 1912 fOJUIHflj 07.07. 19]2~ Crarnc'rflllJclf fO,lUD.l1R81( Kpanel!:snre<{l6i1e. rv. l898-J 899. Beorpaa, 1902. 698; XU. 1907 -rsos, Beorpaa, 1913~ 926. 934; CnmIC1lfI!ectm romuunm.: Ha ~KOTO UBpcmD, IV. 1912, COIIJl.IJI:, ] 915) llO;-AI-Xrv, 1913-1922, C., i 924, ]]4. .

J(Jdavldl 1990: J 5-3 6); crllytrlC'O.8lo1b i. 910: t 34-142; ] 55-170);. {II,oHJalB ] 928: 1 {17-] 09~ ] 1 S-l ] 7); (llporpaM, 3a MhlKI<H"Ie rHMHallt1f lOOJ : (3»); (fipoqla'om 38 Mh»tKUTeH.ne.a~ mMHl'tJHK H ne)Ulrontl-{"liCKK jIl-IH.n Iouua 191O: (J)~ Pa3Jl ... norre M~ pa3JI.H':IHIJre B:J(.noae rRMHa:mu (KnB.C~ - nonyK.ll1!.C"'I!~- flo2IIH8;),fU;1Ql, - )l(eHCmf ea He!JliNlmJlHH. B tpe'i1'n1. 'Ilt6rruu,n ca npe,ll,tl~ pcaJ1lHtre lIf1o)1KH mMHiIlHH.

~(XPll"H? 1853). B npO.~1 • .rn,reHf{e Hi. nosese OT rpM Mee11lJle'l"~ '{ruM CTpYKfYPll TbpITH BH.JlOHJMefJeHHlI, ItO no TIpMHI(lm cesarusaa: (XPKtmI1 l8~5).

~CJlOpeA AWnl CTaT.lf'l C~llHe e B npe.Jlemt're Ha .!l'bb»iftllaTa HH uap~waH, a Csp - 0 f),PUU:II (By.nODH? 18M: 329-369).

~n.UlKbt WeBHh 1894 X {TbopheOHIt, &rIamjeB"h 1894}. f11.pBQTO HllUIHMC, KOOID 1-10 MOOMXMe na Hlm"IPll.N, e or l89] r.(B1K. peuetllH'JI ~ •• ero B TIPOOlietHM IllIlCHlIK, ]2, 189l, 341-350), 1(CapaRDn 1 ~ \ 2O-12l ); (Alln'.IJOtI.l907: ] 2-13); {AlIre-rum 1911: 14-15X (MawtOB 1889: 81-83);. (KocTo.n, l'1HWl'IBt.lJ.. 1894: l38-l39)~ t~1I.., MHlUem,.,lI,. 1902: } 6.3-164); (~MuUJeIlt,ll,. 1900: 5-7, 95.96); (i1eeB1893: 12), ~~l8J4:72-7J;~l~8&87);~~\<)J1"'~I- 2JJ2);~lI.ksm 189t:71':lJj,(flaIDth,~ lOO2:fh.61)

~ UIiRHb ]002:74-75); ~1iiarnjeRHh 1&9t65-66);~1irmrnjemdi 1 !XXI: 78-79). I ~OnMCaHI-If Hil Wap (llag" h " WeBMh 1902.: 63 ·65). AliTa 8 t1pe.nHIIlHwrn, Ii" 8; noCJIe.nBaWUl"e ~JJlaH Hil tla ),'-IetiHHU TOJtI TeKCT HaMl1pa MIICTO,

II U"epacK(lt" ~ I1.uro8 1904: 1:1): (~HeB ] 911: 1l); (MIuntD, Koarom 1889-] ] 2-6-l37); (MHwe&, IQ)cnm 1898: ] 63); (JI;OpeB l'M9: 9l-93).

11(ATrn.mt.n! l892:57~~ 191 ~46);(&rne,MmlmiWl4~ \ l6l~Mt..ms 1902: 157- 158!~ ]884:~.5I·52);t,1l&B l!'J05:~(Ilem 1196: ]7-]8);~ !909:61-61;1tI-8\~~ 1911 ~90-9tlo:rs.m 1009:70-12).

n(AJJTh~K08 1892: 127); (Capa.HoB 1894: 96-98); (G~t.B 1911: 47-48);. (E.rllJl.t UKJIt MoMlIMJlOB] 899~ 31); (MHUJeBt J\l)CroD t 889: 33-43); (MImIe8, Kocrm] 888: 6);. ~ I\oc'ros 1900: 5-6); (MOM'IILI1OB 1884~ 51-52X (lleeB ] 893: 4·5; 11); (Dpamh~ ClojlHOllHh 1907: 22&221); (Jlo1lUIlI" lDeBHh \&94'. 72-73);{IlawK~ lUeeKIt ]897: 51-58).: (Dau.tlltt WftlHIII902: 66-67). I tBcw.1 Io::tr 3BTOpl-t Ii npoR1Be)l;t!H'If.lllurmpaR fl & 6e!t.elkr.:a J/! l3.

62

JIHTEPA'fYPA-

A..trrbHK:OB, HJlKOJ1a (1892), thn3nKa sa qeTB'LpTO OT)leneHHe. Co4ms:. AnfNIOBt I)O)KRH (1901)~ OnUIHCTHl(a. YQe6HHK sa IV KJ1ac H8 M'b)KKHTe It )l;eBH'leCKHTe l'HMHa3lUS. 2 H3)l,.J TInOD,D,HD.

BJIsiiKOBt To.ltop (1895), qHTaHKa aa TPeTO orneneaae. 12 H3.n..~ Benaxo Tspnoao.

Fepacxea, M. JICK:OBt ,ll.,. Ilenoe, Us. (1904)~ lJHTaHKa aa qeTB'LprO craenenne. nJIOB,1{lfB,

)l;opeB, H BaH (1909)~ X PHCTOMaTUil: 3a BTOPH KJIac. 2 H3)l,. CQ.pH9. )lOPCB9 MBaH (1909), XPHCTOl\-UtTHSiI aa 'rpera xnac, COt:\>HlI .

.LI.o pes, H BaH (1911), X PHCTOMaTII':Il aa BTOPM KJIaC. 4 HJA. Cocim.ll+ .LI.opeBt UBall. (1909), XpHcTOManUl3a rpera KJl8C. CocPUJI.

EJII-UUUClf, MOM'IlIJH')U, U0811 (l 899), Pt.KOlIO,.uCTBO no cnoaecraocrra, 3 HJJJ.. C04JHH.

KaliqeB, Hayfol (1997) "Ma eoono-cpncxa uapeeuua" cpeuiy H3anaOHQmO 6bJUapCKO uapcmeo": MHTbT '~MaKeJtOHtfQ~~ B 6'bJlrapCl(Hre II cpsticxare YlreUHHlI,d: no HCTOPHR n 87 8 ~ 19 ] 2). B: "npeiJ~u H npS)l.Te411, MHTOBe K yromm na EM KaHHTe", Bnaroearpan.

KOeTOO, CT+t MuweB,tJ:,. (1889)~ XPUCTOMaTHSl nOM3YQarumc CJ10BeCTHOCTIa. Orpezrena 36 ropinrre K.iTaCCOBe na nt:MHfi'lHHTC, rrenarorxuecxare, neroxnacntrre H .nyXOW:HITe ),1JHJ1HU{a. r.Il, nJ10B)l,HB.

KOCTOB, CT., MI{WCB, JJ:. (1 B94), XPHCTOMRTU:H aa ,n;OJIUHTe ](J18CCooe H8 OiMHa3HHTe H 06llJ,HHCKHTe KJIaCCHH y1JHJlHuta. 'fJIlt 3 83)1;. IillOD,!tHB.

KOCT08, CT., MHmeR, JJ:. (1898), XPHC1UMaIH)1 no H3)'QaDRHe CJ[OBeCTI-lOC:'l.Ta. OTpeIJ;eH8 sa rcpaure l<JIaccoB-C na rHMFJa3HH.Te, Jle)l;arOrlP:U;:~CI01'fe~ fleTOKn8CHJtTe H .n:yxODllHTe yqHnHll.\ft. T.I1.t 2 H3lt. nJ10B1!HB.

KOCTOD~ Cr., MHD1e8, ,ll,. ( 1900). XPHCTOMarH:R: no u3y~Iamme CJIOBecnrOC11'a. Orpeneaa aa ropnrrre KITaCCOBe aa rHMHa3U ure, neaarornuecxnre, nerosnacmrre H J1.YXOBHHTe yqmrHllJ,3, 1'.I.~ 3 Hm. nrrOBJlHB.

!\oCTOB, CT., MHWC8t )1;. (1902), XPHCTOMaTlliI aa JtOJ1HnTe- xnaccoee H8 rHMI-HUHHTe H 06ilJ,HHc~;tTe KllHCCHH YlfHJlHw,a. 1'.111,8 H3,1J;. nnOB}lHB. M:'UPIOB,,11;. (1889), ManJ(Q XpHcTOMaTU.R MnH C60PHHK OT Pa3J(H raopemra aa n H IH KJIae na rHM Ha3H1ue H rpnxnacnare 06IlV1HCKH ylJ HJTlHua. 2 1i3JJ. .• Jlnoana B.

MallqOIl ~ Jlpar3H ( ] 884), Bammn e3UK sa neua, Tpera fOJJ;HHa. Tpera I1HT9.HJC8 38 yqeJle c.ne,lJ; 6YKaap:SIT. 9 "3):l".! nJJOBJ),l!B+

MSH"'OB, ,lI.parall (1889), Manxa xpHCTOMaTHJI lIJ1K COOPHHK 01 pa:nm TBopeun" aa I I H I II KJIaC na rHM HMliHTe n TpKKn8CHHTe 06ll.lU'RCKH Y1fUiUU1ta. Ilposa Ii noesss, 2 1i3,1l,., nJIOB.D,HB.

Mumeu,,l(., KoeroB, Cr. (1 g88)~ XpHCTOMantJl: ITO H3}'QaBaHe ClToeeCTIlOCTTa.. Orpeziena sa roPHHTe xnaccoae U8 f1£Ma8.3HllTe, nenarorasecoere, neroenacmrre

63

H. ,rzyXOBlIH1'e yqrumw.a. T.I. f!nOlUl.HB.

MHmeB,)l,., Ko.cTOB, CT. (1889\ P'LKOBOJ{C'IBO no CJIOaeCTIIOCTT3. Ha;.3:H8QeHO aa ropaare xnaccone na rHMHa3H1iTC, neaarorasecsare H ,uyXOBHHTe Y'IHJrnw.a. nJlOB.llHB.

MlIlIIeo. A, ~ Cr. (1900), XPHCTQMmQ[ no H1)'1.IaJW[e cncaectuccrre. Orpeaeaa 3Il ropaare KJIaCCOBe H8 m::MIl~ rreJUUUJWreCKHTe~ neIOKJnlCHH1t H JzyX09IDfl'C y4:H.TlHlUa T.I. 3 If¥t. rInOIVJ:HB.

MlIJI1fDt )lHMIt'f'bPt Konoot Cn (1895), XpnCTOMmIDI sa .1t.OJIHHTe KMOOBt aa mMllMHH1.'e n o6lI(HHclGtre KmlCHH ~ 6 H3A-~ T.I, flrIOJVJ;KB.

Ileee, Haau (1893), XpUCTOMftTn.a: sa IV xnac, IInoB,D;HB.

Ileee, MBaH (1896). Xpnc'J"{)Mannl sa V xnac. Ilnoanaa.

Ileee, Hean (1905), XpJlCTOMdTHSI sa I xnac, Co~IDl.

Ilperpaaa aa Mb:)KKH'l'e mMH81PlH {]903}~ 3! COq,IDI.

Capanoe, H (1894). qHTaUKft ~Ja OCHOBHltTe Y1.JHJllillia. Cpezma KYpc. Bropa rO;I.HHa. 7 H3.,ll. nnOBIJ;HB.

CapIHOB, H. (1894)~ 4HTaHKa sa OCROBHHTe Y\[HJIHllla. Cpeznnr xypc, BTOpa rOWUIa. 7 1{1.o:. nJlOM,nB.

UOHKOP., Jt. (1928)~ PU3BHTHe na OCHOBJ«}TO 06pa30B8HHe B Ji'bnrapIDI OT 1878 )1;0 1928 ronnaa. C.O.plHI.

Yqe6HHK aa I KJIaC (1911)~ Ilnosnaa.

&'yKBap sa OCH.OBHe cpncze ursone (1884). 3 U3,1I. Beorpan.

By nOB lib,. ell.t'tIlC"IIaB (1895)~ Cpncxa 'LJ arauxa sa BH1De pa3peJ{e rHM Ha3l1j ea H peanaxa cpnCKHX. Knsara 'rpeha. Beorpan,

HOKOBHh,. M RJ1UW (1911). Cpnexa qHTaH Ka sa open pa3pe.1I. Cpe.I\lUIX msona. Beorpan.

HOB8KOBHb.,. CToJe.u (1883), Cpncxa ':IHTaUl(a sa HM)((e I'HMHo:_lHje H peanse. Kaara npsa, 3 iI:m., Beorpan .. , Beorpaa

HOBQ,EOBHht CTojan (~895)~ Cpncxa '1HTaflKa :18 ].[H)f(e rHMHa'ulje H pearIKoC. Kaara npaa, 7 H3,lI .• Beorpan.

nawBht Cperen, IIICBHh, MDJl8H (J 894)1 Cpncxa IHlTW{](a sa cpeznre mxone, KH. I~ 3a I Ii H paspea, Beorpan,

Ilanrah, Cperen, WCBHh, MHJIRII (] 897), Cpncsa llHT8lIKa aa cpe,lUle mKOJIe, KH. I, H3,ll,. 2. 3a I paspen, Beorpaa

Ilaiaah, Cperen, WeBnh,. MH.lla11 (1902)~ Cpnc1C8 QlITaHKa3acpeJJ,He UlKOJIe) Kf.I. J~ 3a I paspen.J H3.ll.., Beorpaa

n )lOTIfht JI, Croj9110BH h, BI18JJ.HMlIp (1907). Cpncsa -urraaxa, Tpera KHHra sa IV pa3pe.u OCHOBHllX lUKOJIa Kpaneaasn Cp6uja. Beorpan,

HOBIKOBH? CTo jail (18 70)t Cpncxa '1HTaHKa aa HH}Ke rHM na:lHj e 1I peanxe, Krnera npsa, Beorpaa,

Thophesan, n.~ JiJIarojeBHbt Ypom (l 894), Cpncxa l:l:IITaUKa aa IV paspea ocnonnax lnKOJIa y KpaJ1eBHHU Cp6Hjli. 3 N31t.~ Beorpaa.

ThopheBHht Il., lirIarojeBHh, Ypom (1900)~ CpOC.Ka lIHT8HKa sa IV palPC)]' OCHOBHHX IlIICQJ1a y Kpa.JteBHHR Cp6HjH. 5 H3,!l. Beorpaa

ThYHII':OBHh, CpehKO (1970)., WKOnCTBO H npocaera y Cp6HjH y XIX BeK)'. Beorpan,

XpHCTHb~ $WIHH (].8 5 3)~ Tperor I:[llTaHKa aa '1eTBpT'blit paspen OCHOBHbl Cp6CKH mkOJIa DeOTpM. .

XpHcmb! <l>nmm (l885)~ 1feTlivra qHTaHl(3 sa OCHOBHe cpooKe zuxone. Beorpaa

1.fHTaHKa sa lIPYru pa3pe)l; OCHOBHHX lDKOJI8 Kp81TbeBHae Cp6u:je (1890). Beorpaa,

QUT2IHKa sa -rpe 51 paspez; OCHOBHe msone (1888). Beorpan,

Berghahn, Volker and SchwIer, Honoa (Eels.) (1987) Perceptions of hi sto ry, International textbook research on Britain, Oennany and the United States. Oxford. Jelavlch,. Charles (1990), South Slav Nationalisms: Textbooks and Yugoslav Union before 1914. Columbus, Ohio,

Smith, A 1'1 thony (1993), The Ethnic Origin ofNatiOIl8. Oxford.

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