Xmdm nbXv:

Zmdp Jmknw dnbmZv

(IpX n_mXp Ckveman )
hnh \w:
k nZv kAv^ kzmZnJv aZo\n. Pn
:
. :

www.ktibat.com
2013 - 1434

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

Amlphns \ma n
Amlphn\mWv kvXpXnI apgph\pw,Amlphm
sX Bcm[\ l\nspw, Ah Hcph\msWpw,
Ah\v ]pImc\nmsbpw km yw hln pp. ap
l Zv Amlphns dkqepw, ASnabpamsWpw km
yw hln pp.
Amlp Hcp nsh np A\p{Kl `h\amb kz
Kw {]Xo sIm-p am{Xw t\SnsbSp phm\mhn A
mlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n pIbpw, Ah\n Btc
bpw ]v tN mXncn pIbpw, {]hmNI ()sb A
\pIcn pIbpwsNbvX apkveowI am{Xsa AXn {]
thin pIbp q.
kzK {]thi\w Fmhcpw B{Kln pXmWv,A
Xn\p th-nbmWv ]ecpw {]Xo b]n p sIm-ncn
pXv. PqX ss{IkvXh t]mepw hmZn pXv Ah
cmsX kzK n amcpw {]thin pIbnmsbm
Wv. Ah ]dbpXv JpB hyIvXam pXp Im
WpI:

]111 : [

(Bs nepw) kzK n {]thin Wsan b

lqZtcm {InkvXym\nItfm BhmsX ]nsmWv Ah
2

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

]dbpXv.AsXms AhcpsS hymtamlfs{X.F
m (\_ntb,)]dbpI; \n kXyhm amcmsWn
(AXnv) \n v Innb sXfnhv sIm-p hcq F
v) (A _Jd :111).
CXv Amlphpw, Ahs {]hmNI ()bpw \t m
Sv Adnbn v XXn\p hncp amb ImcyamWv. Amlp
hn\v k qambn ka]n v k I sNbvX
h am{Xsa kzK n {]thin pIbp q.
AmlphmsX Bcm[\ l\nmsb Iena
v D cn pXneqsS Xs kzK n {]thin p
samWv P\fn A[nIt]cpw IcpXnbncn pXv,
ap I sfmpw sNt -XnmsbmWv Ah a
\knem nbncn pXv. AXp sIm-v Xs k I
fn Ah Aew`mhw ImWn pIbpw,h ]m]f
S ap sXpIsf Ah hfscb[nIw \n mch
cn ncn pp.
AsX, DX\pw {]Xm]hm\pamb Amlp sN p
Xns\ Ipdn v tNmZyw sN m Bcpan. Amlphns\
bpw Ahs ASna panSbn CSs]Sm Hcp krjvSn
p km[ya Xs. Ah CjvSap hsc kzK n
{]thinn pIbpw, Ah Dtin phsc \cI
n {]thinn pIbpw sN pw.
Amlphn Hns\bpw ]p tN msX XuloZv
IrXyambn a\knem n PohnX n ]men h am{X
sa kzK n {]thin pIbp q. AXmWv Amlp
3

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

Xs {K nepw,{]hmNI ()Xs XncpNcybnepw
hyIvXam nbncn pXv. AXpsIm-v Cuam\pw, k
I fpw A\nhmcyamWv. Amlp ]dbpp:

: [

]28

(hnizkn pIbpw
k I
A\pjvTn pIbpw
sNbvXXmtcm
AhcmIpp
kzKmhIminI .AhcXn

\nXyhmknIfmbncn pw) (A _Jd ;82).

.]181 : [

(BWmIs s]mIs,B kXyhnizmknbmbns m

-v k {]hr nI sN ppthm Ah kzK n
{]thin pXmWv.AhtcmSv Hcp Xcn pw A\oXn Im
Wn sSpX.) (\nkmAv :124).

]82 : [

(hnizkn pIbpw k I {]h n pIbpw

sNbvXhcmtcm Ah v \mw kzK n Xmgv`mK v
IqSn \ZnI HgpIp DX ku[fn Xmakku
Icyw \ IpXmWv. Ah AhnsS \nXyhmknIfmbn
cn pw. {]h n ph p {]Xn^ew F{X hnin
jvSw! ) (A I_q v :58)

]82 : [
4

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

(Xo bmbpw hnizkn pIbpw k I {]h
n pIbpw, XfpsS c nXmhnte v hn\b]q
w aSpIbpw sNbvXhcmtcm AhcmIpp kzKmh
IminI .AhcXn \nXyhmknIfmbncn pw)(lqZv:23).

]28 : [

(AXmbXv, \hcmbncns ae pI GsXmcp Iq

cpsS PohnXw Ahkm\nn ppthm Ah v. Ah
(ae pI ) ]dbpw: \n v kam[m\w. \n {]
h n v sIm-ncpXns ^eambn \n kzK
n {]thin v sIm pI) (\lv :32).

: [

.]06

(Fm ]ivNm ]n pIbpw,hnizkn pIbpw k

I w {]h n pIbpw sNbvXh CXn \nsmgn
hmIpp. Ah kzK n {]thin pXmWv. Ah
Hpw A\oXn v hnt[bcmhpIbn) (abw :60).

]41 : [

(Ah ]dbpw: \ tfmSp Xs hmKvZm\w kXyam

bn ]men pIbpw kzK n \nv \mw Dtin p
kvYe v \ap v Xmakn mhp hn[w Cu (kzK)`q
an \ap v AhImisSp n cnIbpw sNbvX Am
lphn\v kvXpXn. Atm {]h n h p {]Xn^
ew F{X hninjvSw!) (kpa :74)
5

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

]48 : [

(\n {]h n psIm-ncpXns ^eambn \n

v AhImisSp n np kzKas{X AXv)
(kpJpdp^v :72)

]02 : [

(\ psS Zmk amcn \nv B [ \njvT]pe p

hcmbncppthm Ah p \mw AhImisSp n
sImSp p kzKas{X AXv) (abw :63).

.]11 : [

((Ah) kzKmhIminIfpsS Iq nembncn pw. A

h v \ Isncp kXyhmKvZm\as{X AXv.) (Alv
Jm^v :14)

kzK{]thi\ n\p hnizmkt msSmw Xs k

I fpw A\nhmcyamsWv hyIvXam p B
b pIfmWv apIfn sImSp ncn pXv. AXp t]m
se Xs Cu sIm p ]pkvXI n kzK {]thi\w
km[yam p GXm\pw lZoYpIfmWv hniZam phm
Dtin pXv. AXpsIm-v kzbw c B{Kln
ph tijw hniZam p lZoYn ]cmain
Imcy ]cn]qWambn {]mh nIam phm ]cn
{ian pI. Amlp \s kzK n {]thinn pI
bpw, \cI in sb sXmv c sSp pIbpw sN p
amdmhs,
\ sNbvXhcpw, Xn sNbvXhcpw Hcn epw Hcp
t]mseb, AXv Amlp Xs hyIvXam nbXmWv.
6

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

AXv GsXmcp a\pjy\pw a\knem nb ImcyamWv.A
mlp ]dbpp:

.]166 : [

(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: Zpjn Xpw \Xpw kaamIpIbn.

Zpjn Xns h \hv \ns AXv`pXsSp nbmepw
icn.AXn\m _p nam amtc,\n Amlpsh kq
n pI. \n hnPbw {]m]nt mw) (amCZ :100)

]12 : [

(Atm hnizmknbmbn gn h [n mcnbmbn

gn hs\tmsebmtWm? Ah XpeycmIpIbn)(k
PZ :18).

: [

.]86

(\cImhIminIfpw kzKmhIminIfpw kaamIpIbn

. kzKmhIminI XsbmIpp hnPbw t\Snbh
) (liv :20).
a\pjys\ Xs d nte v ASpn p Ghpw D
Zm hpw,t{ijvShpamb {]h \w Amlphns G
IXzw AwKoIcn pIbpw, Ah\n Hns\bpw ]p
tN mXncn pIbpw sN pIsbXmWv.k I
fn Ghpw DXambnp Xpw, kzK{]thi\ n\p
km[yamhpXn {]Ya m\ p \n pXpw C
Xp Xs. JpB ]mcmbWw, AXnep Xn\\pkcn
p PohnXw, I ]\I PohnX n ]I pI
bpw, hntcm[fn \nv hnv \n pIbpw sN pI
7

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

sbXpw kzK {]thi\ n\pw, \cItamN\ n\pw
km[yamhp kXvI fmIpp. hnip JpB\n
s\ BcmtWm Xs Camambn AwKoIcn pXv Ah
s\ JpB kzK nte v \bn pXmWv.XncpZqX
]Tnn ZnIvdpIfpw ZpBIfpw kzK {]thi\w km
[yam ph Xs. Xkv_olpw, Xlveoepw,XlvaoZpw,
XIv_odpsamwXs kzK n acw e`n p k
I fmIpp. AXpt]mse kzK{]thi\w Ffp
am p {]h \ n s]XmWv hpZphpw,\akvIm
cfpw. Bscnepw Hcp Znhkw \n \akvImca
m ]{ -v dIA v dhmXn_v \akvImcw \n ln
pIbmsWn Ah\v kzK n Hcp hoSv \n
sSpXmWv. kpPqZpI (\akvImcw) A[nIcnn p
Xv kzK n {]hmNI kmao]yw e`n p k I
amWv. AXmWv {]hmNI kmao]yw B{Kln ph
Xs A\pNct\mSv dkqepmlv() ]d Xv: ([mcmf
ambn kpPqZv sNbvXpsIm-v Xm v th-n Fs
klmbn pI). Zm\[ fpw, t\m pw kzK n
{]thinn phbmWv.BcmtWm Zm\[ w sN p
Xv Ah kzZJbpsS IhmS neqsSbpw,t\m \pjv
Sn ph d m IhmS neqsSbpw kzK n {]
thin pXmWv.
dkqepmlv() ]Tnn cq] n Bscnepw l
v sNbvXm Ah\v kzamsX {]Xn^ean. D
X\pw {]Xm]hm\pamb Amlphns hnip hmIyw
Db n ]nSn phm\mbn Bscnepw PnlmZv sNbvXm
8

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

acWt msS kzK n {]thin psaXv Am
lphns hmKvZ amWv. k kz`mhw, hn\bw, arZpe
kz`mhw, hnvhogvN, ip amb lrZbw XpSnbhbpw
kK {]thi\w km[yamIphbmWv. A\mY kwc
Ww, a\pjytcmSpw, PohnItfmSpw ImcpWyw ImWn
, hgnbn \nv D]{Zhfpw XS fpw \o
XpSnbhbpw kzK ntes n p {]h \
fmWv.c-v ktlmZcnamsctbm, s]a sftbm Ir
Xyambn hf n kwc Ww \ IpXv kzKw \
Ip {]h \fmIpp. amXm]nXm sf kwc n
pXpw, Ah v ]pWyw sN epw kzK n CSw
\ Ip DXamb ]pWyI fmIpp.
AXpt]mse Xs tcmKnIsf kin , Am
lphn\v th-n kplr p sf kin , ]co
Wfnepw,{]bmkfnepw hn[nbn Xr]vXnbSbepw
abhew_n epw kzK nte v {]thinn p
k I fmIpp. k m\w \jvSsSpt m
an v Amlphns\ kvXpXn pIbmsWn Ah\v
kzK n Amlp lwZns hoSv \n n p
sImSp p
XmWv.
BcpsSsbnepw
Iv
\jvSsSpIbpw, Ah\ Xn an pIbpw sNbvXm
Ah\v kzKw e`n pw. Cs\ kzK {]thi\w
km[yamhp \nch[n k I CkvemanI
icoA n \ap v ImWm\m hpw. AXn \m ]Xv
ImcyfmWv {]amW_ ambn Cu sIm p IrXnbn
tcJsSp phm\m{Kln p
Xv.
Amlp
A\p{Kln pamdmhs. Ahs kzK n HcnSw
9

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

\ In
Ah
pamdmhs,

\s sbmhscbpw

A\p{Kln

:
: -1
:!
.)1(

Pm_ndp_v\p A_vZpmlv() \nthZ\w: \_n()bpsS

ASp v hv Hcm tNmZn pIbp-mbn, Hm, {]hmN
Isc, \n am sSp (kzKw, \cIw) c-p Im
cy Gh? Atm Xncpta\n ]d p: (Amlphn
Hns\bpw ]v tN msXbmWv Hcm acWsSp
sXn Ah kzK n {]thin pw, Amlp
hn ]v tN psIm-mWv Bscnepw acWsSp
sXn Ah \cI n {]thin pXmWv) (C
amw apkvenw)
: -8

.)8(

D_mZXp_v\p kzmanXv() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p:

(AmlphmsX Bcm[\ l\n, Ah Hcph\m
Wv, Ah\v bmsXmcp ]mfnbnspw, \nivNbw apl
.)39( ) ( (
.) 2 ) (9393 ) ( (

10

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

Zv Ah(Amlphn)s ASnabpw dkqepamsWpw,
\nivNbw Cukm Ah(Amlphn)s ASnabpw dkq
epamsWpw, abante v Cv sImSp Ahs Ien
a pw dqlpamsWpw, kzKw kXyamsWpw,\cIw
kXyamsWpw Bscnepw km ysSp nbm A
h GXv {]h \ nembmepw kzK n {]th
in pXmWv) (_pJmcn, apkvenw)

: : -2

:
:

.)1(

A_q A q_v() \nthZ\w: \_n()bpsS ASp v h

v Hcm tNmZn pIbp-mbn, kzK nte Spn p
Ibpw, \cI n \nv hnZqcsSp pIbpw sN p
{]h \s Ipdn v Fs Adnbn p Xmepw? ]d
p: (Amlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n pIbpw Ah\n
Hns\bpw ]v tN mXncn pIbpw,\akvImcw \ne
\n pIbpw, kIm v \ IpIbpw, IpSpw_ _ w
tN pIbpw sN pI).Abm AhnsS \nv Xncn p
\Stm dkqepmlv() ]d p:(Atlt mSv I
]n Xv Ah apdpsI ]nSn pIbmsWn Ah
kzK n {]thin pXmWv). (apkvenw)

.) 9 ) ( (

11

 kzK nte v 40 Imcy

-1 : :
(.)1

A_q DamaX()\nthZ\w: dkqepmlv()]d p: (H

cm \n \akvImc v tijw ]Xnhmbn B
b p Ipkn ]mcmbWw sNbvXm Ah\v kzK
n {]thin m acWamsX XS an)(\kmC.C
)amw A _m\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv
-8 : :
(.)8

A\kv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:(JpB

\nse Hcp kqd v AXn apXv Bb pIfmsXbn
. AXv AXns BfpI v th-n hmZn pIbpw,kz
K n {]thinn pIbpw sN pw. AXv X_mdI
kqd mIpp). (Xzm_vdm\n Xs HukXzn Dcn Xv.
)Camw A _m\n lk\msWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv
-0 :
(.)2

) ( ( )3232
( .)4343

) ( (:) 7/7
. ( .)9433
(32/ 1

) ( ( ) 47 ( 9 /3 )2433
( ) 1 1 ( .)3339

12

1331

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

A\kv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:(JpB
ip]miI\pw, ip]mi kzoIcn sSph\pw B
scnepw AXns\ apn sh m Ahs\bXv kzK
nte v \bn pw, Bscnepw AXns\ AhKWn m
Ahs\bXv \cI nte v \bn pw) (C_v\p ln
m .Xz_vdm\n A I_odnepw, Camw A _m\n kz
lolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: : -4

: :
.)1(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(a\pjy kPZbp Xv (Bb v) ]mcmbWw sNbvXm
Ah kpPqZv sN pp.]nimNv Ic psIm-p ]n
hmpw. Fnv ]dbpw: Fs \miw. asmcp dntm
n C{]ImcamWp Xv: (Fs \mita, a\pjyt\mSv
kpPqZv sN m I ]n pIbpw Ah kpPqZv sN p
Ibpw sNbvXp, Ah\v kzKap-v. Rm kpPqZv sIm
-v I ]n sp, Rm hnk Xn pIbmWv sNbvX
Xv. AXpsIm-v F\n v \cIhpw) (apkvenw)

: : -2

.)1(
.)2 :) ( (

13

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

DJv_Xp_v\p Ban() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p:
(\nfn Hcpapkvenw ]cn]qWambn hpZp sNbvXv C
s\ {]mn pIbmsWn AmlphmsX B
cm[\ l\nmsbpw,Ah Hcph\mWv, Ah\v bm
sXmcp ]mfnbpanmsbpw Rm km yw hln p
p, apl Zv Ah(Amlphn)s ASnabpw dkqepam
sWpw Rm km yw hln ppshpw ]dbpIbm
sWn Ah\v kzK ns Fv IhmSfpw Xpd
sSmXncn pIbn. Dtin pXneqsS Ah\Xn {]
thin mw) (apkvenw)
: : -9

.)8(

iZmZv_v\p Hukv() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p: (C

kvXnKv^mdns t\Xmhv, \o Cs\ ]dbpI:Amlp
th, \obmWv Fs \mY . \o AmsX Bcm[y\n.
\o Fs kr n p. \ns Zmk\mWv Rm . F\n v
km[yamhpnSt mfw \ntmSp Icmdpw DS Snbpw

.)

93

:) ( (

.)4914 ) ( (

14

 kzK nte v 40 Imcy

]men pXmWv.\o F\n v sNbvXpX A\p{Kl
fpw Rm sNbvX ]m]fpw Rm \ntmSv k Xn
pp. AXn\m F\n v \o s]mdp v XctW! \n
bw \o AmsX ]m] s]mdp ph\n) (CXv Dd
n v Bscnepw ]Ien ]dbpIbpw,B Znhkw ssh
IptcamIpXn\p ap v Ah acWsSpIbpw sN
bvXm Ah kzKhmknIfn D sSpXmWv. C
Xv Ddn v Bscnepw cm{Xnbn ]dbpIbpw, B Znh
kw t\cw shfp pXn\p ap v Ah acWsSpI
bpw sNbvXm Ah kzKhmknIfn D sSp
)XmWv.) (_pJmcn
-16 :

. : :
! :

(.)1

\ A_vZpmC_v\p Awdp_v\p Bkzv() \nthZ\w:

_n() ]d p: (c-p Imcy , Asn c-v kz
) ( ( ( )3143 ( ( ) 937 ( )93 1 : .
( (.)9 91

15

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

`mh Hcp apkvenamb ASna kwc n pIbmsW
n Ah kzK n {]thin mXncn pIbn.A
h c-pw efnXamWv,Fm Ahc-pw {]h n p
h hfsc IpdhmWv. Fm \akvImc n\pw tijw
] p{]mhiyw Xkv_olpw, ] p{]mhiyw XlvaoZpw,
] p{]mhiyw XIv_odpw sNmpI. AXv \mhn\v \qn
A ]XmWv, Fm Xpemkn Bbnc n A qdm
Wv. Ddm hncnn {]thin m ap n\mev Xh
W XIv_odpw, ap naqv XhW XlaoZpw, ap n
aqv XhW Xkv_nlpw sNmpI. AXv \mhn\v \qdm
sWnepw Xpemkn BbncamWv). (dmhn ]dbpp) d
kqepmlv() hncepI sIm-v Fw ]nSn pXv
Rm ImWpIbp-mbn. Ah ]d p: Hm, {]hmNI
sc, Ch c-pw efnXhpw, Ah {]h n ph hnc
fhpambXv Fns\bmWv? ]d p: (\nfn Hcmfp
sS ASp v AXmbXv ]nimNvDdp kab v hcp
Ibpw CXv sNmpXn\p ap v Dd pIbpw sN pp.
\akvImc kab v hcpIbpw AXv ]dbpXn\p ap v
ap Imcy Hm nn pIbpw sN pp). (A_q
ZmhqZv. \kmC. XnanZn,Camw A _m\n kzlolmsW
v {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: : : -11

16

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

.
)1(

Dadp_v\p JXzm_v() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]

d p: Bscnepw AmSnbn {]thin m Ah
Cs\ ]dbs, (Amlp AmsX Bcm[y\n. Ah
GI\pw ]pImcnm h\pamWv. Ah\mWv cmPm
[n]Xyw.Fm kvXpXnbpw Ah\mWv.Ah Pohnn p
Ibpw acnn pIbpw sN pp.Ah Fsp Pohn
ph\mWv. acn pIbn.Fm \Ifpw Ahs I
nemWv. Ah Fm Imcy n\pw Ignhp h\mWv)
Ah\v Amlp Bbncambncw \ tcJsSp pXm
Wv. Bbncambncw XnI ambv sSpXmWv.kzK
neh\v Hcp hoSv \n n p sImSp pIbpw sN p
XmWv). (XnanZn. lmJnw. Camw A _m\n lk\msW
v {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

: : -18

.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(Bscnepw hnPvRm\w At\zjn v HcpamK n {]
thin m AXvsIm-v Amlp Ahs\ kzK nte
p amKw Ffpam n sImSp pXmWv).(apkvenw)
)3/9( ) 393-392/ ( ) 93 3-93 2 ) ( (
.)4 9 (
.) 433( ) ( (

17

 kzK nte v 40 Imcy

-12 : :

(.)1

] )Dadp_v\p JXzm_v() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv(

d p:(\nfn Bscnepw hpZp sNbvXv,\ cq] n
hpZpsNbvXp Cs\ {]mn pIbmsWn A
mlphmsX Bcm[\ l\nmsbpw, Ah Hcp
h\mWv, Ah\v bmsXmcp ]mfnbpanmsbpw Rm
km yw hln pp, apl Zv Ah(Amlphn)s A
Snabpw dkqepamsWpw Rm km yw hln pp,
Amlpsh \o Fs ]ivNmXm]n phtcmsSmw
tNt Wta, \o Fs ip oIcn phtcmsSmw
tNt Wtasbv ]dbpIbmsWn Ah\v kzK
ns Fv IhmSfpw Xpd sSpXmWv. Dtin
) pXneqsS Ah\Xn {]thin mw) (apkvenw
-11 : :

(.)8

) ( ( ) 93 ( )33 .
) ( ( )7 2 ( )399/ ( ( )933
( ( )27 2 ( ) 13/ .
( ( .)411

18

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

C_v\p Da() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p: (Bscn
epw ]{ -v hjw _mv hnfn m Ah\v kzKw \n
ambn. Hmtcm Znhkhpw Ahs _mv ImcWw
Ah\v Adp]Xv \ tcJsSp pp. Fm CJma n
\pw apXv \ tcJsSp pp.). (C_v\pamP. ss_
lJn, Xz_vdm\n. lmJnw. Camw A _m\n kzlolm
sWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: : -18
.)1(

A_qaqkm()
\nthZ\w:
dkqepmlv()
]d p:(B
scnepw
-_dssZ\n
(kp_lnbpw,
CimDw) \akvIcn m
Ah
kzK n
{]thin pw) (_pJmcn, ap kvenw)
: : -10

.)8(

D_mZXp_v\p kzmanXv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv()

]d p: (Amlp Xs ASnaIfpsS ta Av \a
kvImcw \n am nbncn pp. AXns AhImi
.)493 ) (373 ) ( (
)94 / ( ) 9 3/3( ) 7 3 ) (31 ( ) (3 1( ) ( (
.)9 39 (

19

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

s \n mch cnt m (AmsXtbm) AXn \nv
bmsXmpw ]mgm msX Bscnepw Ah sN pIbm
sWn Ah\v Amlphn\Sp v Hcp Icmdp-v. AXv
Ahs\ kzK n {]thinn pI FmWv. Bsc
nepw AXv sIm-phcpnmsbn Ah\v Amlp
hn\Sp p Icmdn, Ah Dtin m Ahs\ in n
pw, Ah Dtin m Ahs\ kzK n {]thin
n pIbpw sN pw) (A_qZmhqZv, C_v\pamP. C_v\p
ln m . AlvaZv, ss_lJn. Camw A _m\n kzlo
lmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

: : -14


.)1(
DJv_Xp_v\p Ban() \nthZ\w; dkqepmln() ]

d p: (Hcp apkvenw hpZp sNbvXp, ]cn]qWambn hp

Zp sNbvXp, tijw Xs apJs bpw lrZbs bpw
(Amlphnte v) apnSn v \nv c-v dIA v \akv
Icn m Ah\v kzKw \n amhmXncn n). (ap
kvenw)
: : -12

.)8(

.) 93 ) ( (
.)7 2 ) ( (

20

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

D p l_o_m() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]dbp
Xmbn Rm tI pIbp-mbn: (Hcp apkvenamb A
Sna Fm Znhkhpw Amlphn\p th-n \n a
m ]{ -v dIA v kp v \akvIcn m A
mlp Ah\p kzK n Hcp hoSv \n n sSmXn
cn pIbn) Asn (Ah\p kzK n hoSv \n
an sSmXncn pIbn).(apkvenw)
: : -19

.)1(

A_vZpmC_v\p kemw() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv()

]d p: (Hm, P\sf, \n kemw hym]nn pI,
\n ` Ww ` nn pI, IpSpw__ w tN p
I, P\ Ddpt m cm{Xnbn \n \akvIcn
pI, \n v kzK n kam[m\t msS {]th
in mw). (XnanZn, C_v\pamP, XnanZn, Camw A _m
\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

: : -86
:

.)8(

:) 9

( )

323( ) ( (
.)7243( (

.) 3 ( ) (234( ) ( (

21

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

klv ()hn \nv \nthZ\w:{]hmNI () ]dbpI
bp-mbn: (kzK n d m Fsmcp IhmSap-v.
t\m pIm A y\mfn B IhmS neqsS {]thin
pXmWv. amcpw AXneqsS {]thin pIbn. Ahn
sS sh v t\m pIm FhnsS Fv hnfw_cw D-m
Ipw.Atm Ahscmhcpw AXneqsS ISv t]mIpw.
]ns B IhmSw AS sSpw.thsd Bcpw Xs A
XneqsS {]thin pIbn) (_pJmcn, apkvenw)

: -81

: : : :
: :

: :

.)1(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(\nfn BcmWv Cv t\m \pjvSn np Xv? A_q
_ () ]d p: Rm . tNmZn p:\nfn Bcp-v
Cv P\mksb A\pKan Xv? A_q_ () ]d p:
Rm .\nfn Bcp-v Cv km[phns\ ` nn Xv?
A_q_ ()]d p: Rm .\nfn Bcp-v Cv
tcmKnsb kin Xv? A_q_ () ]d p:Rm .
Atm dkqepmlv() ]d p: Cu Imcysfmw
.) 1 2 ) ( (

22

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

Hcmfn kwKan m Ah kzK n {]thin m
Xncn pIbn). (apkvenw)
: -88

.)1(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(Hcp Dwd ASp Dwd hscbp (]m] p ) {]m
bvivNn amIpp.a_vdqdmb l n\v kzKamsX {]
Xn^ean) (_pJmcn, apkvenw)
: : -82

.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: (dkqepmlv() ]d p:

Amlphns amK n PnlmZv sN ph Am
lphn\dbmw Ahs amK n PnlmZv sN ph
BcmWv Fvt\ \pjvSn v \nv \akvIcn phsc
t]msebmWv.Ahs amK n PnlmZv sN ph
acWsSpIbmsWn Ahs\ kzK n {]thin
n pItbm, Asn bp m\ c apXepamtbm, {]
Xn^eamtbm Ahs\ kpc nXambn aS pItbm sN
psa Imcyw Amlp GsSp ncn pp)(_pJmcn)

.) 933 ) (779 ) ( (
.) 274 ) (727 ) ( (

23

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

: : -81

: :
: :

.)1(


lpssZ^Xp_v\p bam () \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d

p: (\nfpsS ap KmanIfn HcmfpsS ASp v A

tl ns BXvamhns\ ]nSn m ae v hcpIbp
-mbn, B k` n Atlt mSv tNmZn p: Xm
h \bpw {]h n npt-m? ]d p: F\n dn
bn. Atlt mSv ]dbsp: \o ]cntim[n pI. Zp
bmhn P\ v Rm hn pIbpw Ah v
{]Xn^ew \ IpIbpw sN pambncpp, Ahcnse km
[p sf ]cnKWn pIbpw, {]bmka\p`hn ph v
hnv hogvN \ IpIbpw sNbvXncpp. Amlp Abm
sf kzK n {]thinn pIbp-mbn) (_pJmcn)

: : -88

.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p: (Hcp a

\pjy Zmlw ImcWw av IpXv ImWm\nSbmbn.
Atm Xs jq Agn v AXn sh w \nd v AXn
.) 341 ) (933 ) ( (
.) 79 ) ( (

24

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

s Zmlw Xo pIbp-mbn. Atl n\pth-n A
mlphn\v \n ImWn p. Atls Amlp kzK
n {]thinn pIbp-mbn). (_pJmcn)
: : -80
.)1( :

klvep_v\p kAZv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d

p: (Rm\pw A\mYsb kwc n ph\pw kzK
n C{]ImcamWv) Xncpta\n Xs Nq-phncepw \
Sphncepw A ]w hnS n Nq-nImWn p. (_pJmcn)

: : -84
.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]dbp

Xmbn tIp, (P\ v D]{Zhambn hgn a y nep
-mbncp Hcp acw apdn v amnb Hcp a\pjys\ kz
K n Npn ncnbpXmbn Rm ImWpIbp-m
bn). (apkvenw)
: : -82

.)2(

klvep_v\p kAZv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d

p: (Bscnepw c-v XmSnsbpI nSbnep Xn
.)3913 ) ( (
.) 3 3 ) ( (
)4373( ) ( (

25

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

s\bpw, c-v ImepI nSbnep Xns\bpw kwc n
psav km yw \nv Ah\v kzKw e`n psaXn
\v Rm\pw km yw \n pXmWv). (_pJmcn)

: : -89
.)1( : :

A_qZZmAv() \nthZ\w:(Hcm dkq ()tbmSv tNm

Zn pIbp-mbn:kzK n {]thinn p Hcp I
s n Adnbn v Xmepw. dkqepmlv()]d p:
(\o tIm]n cpXv, \n\ v kzKap-v).(Xz_vdm\n Hu
kXznepw, A_qblvembpw, ap Zncnbpw D cn Xv. C
amw A _m\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

: : -26

.)8(

A_qZZmAv() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]dbp

Xmbn Rm tIp: (]nXmhv kzK IhmSfnse a y
nep IhmSamWv, \o Dtin pIbmsWn \ob
Xv ]mgm n IfbpItbm, Asn kwc n pItbm
sN pI) (XnanZn. C_v\p ln m .lmJnw. Camw A
_m\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

) 339( ) (973( ) ( (
( :) 77/9(
.)7973
) 3 /3( ) 1 9 ) (311 ) ( (
.)7 33 (

26

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

-21

: : : :
.)1( :

apBhn _v\p() \nthZ\w: Pmlna dkqepmln()

bSp v hpsIm-p ]dbpIbp-mbn: Amlphns
XncpZqXsc,bp n\v ]pdsSm Rm Dtin pp,
AtbmSv IqSnbmtemNn phm\mWv Rm hXv. A
tm ]d p: \ns D Pohn ncnpt-m? ]d p:
AsX, ]d p: \o AhcpsS ASpt v t]mhpI. Im
cWw AhcpsS Imen\Sp mWv (Ahsc tkhn p
XnemWv \ns ) kzKw) (AlvaZv, lmJnw. Camw A
_m\n lk\msWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: : -28
.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(DX\mb Amlp ]dbpp: (hnizmknbmb Fs
ASna v Ahs Zp bmhnse Ghpw {]nbshs\
Rm ]nSn (acnn )tm an Xv ImcWw Fs Sp
v kzKamsX {]Xn^ean). (_pJmcn)

( ) 3 /3( ) 3 3/9( ) (
.) 413
.)43 3 ) ( (

27

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

: -22

: : :
: : :

:
.)1( :

A_q apk AivAcn() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv()

]d p: (Hcp ASnabpsS Ipn acWsm Amlp
Xs ae pItfmSp ]dbpw:Fs ASnabpsS Ipnsb
\n ]nSnt m? Ah ]dbpw:AsX.Atm ]dbpw:
Ahs lrZb ns ^es \n ]nSn pthm?
Ah ]dbpw: AsX. Atm ]dbpw: Fs ASna F
mWv ]d Xv? Atm ]dbpw:Ah \ns kvXp
Xn pIbpw, CkvXnPmAv(Cm enmln hCm C
sseln dmPnDu ) \S pIbpw sNbvXp. Atm A
mlp ]dbpw:Fs ASna v \n kzK n Hcp
hoSv \n n pI,AXn\v \n ss_Xp lwZv Fv
t]cv sh pI). (XnanZn. Camw A _m\n lk\msW
v {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

) 7 4 ( ) 1 ( ) ( (
.)733 (

28

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

: : -21
:

.)1(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(Hcp kv{Xo Av t\cw \akvIcn pIbpw, Hcp amkw
t\m \pjvSn pIbpw, Xs Kplymhbhw kq n p
Ibpw,Xs ` mhns\ A\pkcn pIbpw sNbvXm
AhtfmSp ]dbpw: \o Dtin p kzK IhmS neq
sS kzK n {]thin pI) (C_v\p ln m . Camw
A _m\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: : -28

.)8(

Yu_m () \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p: (B

scnepw Almc n \npw, h\bn \npw,
IS n \npw kpc nX\mbn sIm-p acWsSpI
bmsWn Ah kzK n {]thin pXmWv).
(XnanZn, C_v\pamP, C_v\p ln m , lmJnw. Camw A
_m\n kzlolmsWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

) (34 ) ( (
.)441
) 32 ) (3 ) (37 ) ( (
. . ) 4/ (

29

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

: : -20

.)1(

Da() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p: (\n

kwLambn \nesIm pI. `nnns\ \n IcpXnbn
cn pI. ImcWw GI\mbn \n pht\msSmambn
cn pw ]nimNv, c-mfmsWn Ah hnZqcambnt]m
Ipw. Bscnepw kzK]cnafw B{Kln ppshn
Ah PamA nt\m (kwLs )sSmw tNcs). (Xn
anZn)
: : -24

.)8(

A_vZpmC_v\p Awdp_v\p Bkzv() \nthZ\w: d

kqepmlv() ]dbpIbp-mbn:(Bscnepw \cIs
sXmv hnZqcsSphm\pw,kzK n {]thin phm\pw
B{Kln ppshn Ah Ahkm\ \mfnepw, A
mlphnepw hnizkn p Ahkc n Ahs ac
Ww ISphcs, Xnte v hcm B{Kln pXp
ambn P\fnte v Ah hcpIbpw sN s).(apkvenw)

. : ) 43( ) ( (
.) 233 ) ( (

30

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

: -22
:

.)1(

D_mZXp_v\p kzmanXv() \nthZ\w: \_n() ]d p:

(\nfn \nv Bdv Imcy sIm-v \nsf\n v
Pmayw \n pIbmsWn \n v kzK n\mbn
Rm\pw Pmayw \n pXmWv. \n kwkmcn m
kXyw ]dbpI, \n Icm sNbvXm ]q oIcn
pI, hnizknt ]n m AXv \n ln pI,\nfp
sS Kplymhbhsf Im p kq n pI, \nfpsS
IpIsf XmgvXpI, \nfpsS ssIIsf \n ]nSn
v
sh pI
FnhbmWh)(AlvaZv,C_v\p
ln m ,Camw A _m\n lk\msWv {]kvXmhn
lZoYv)

: : -29

:
.)8(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: dkqepmlv() ]d p:

(Bscnepw Hcp tcmKnsb kin pItbm, Asn
Amlphnep Hcp ktlmZcs\ kin pI
tbm sNbvXm Hcp hnfn v ]dbph ]dbpw: \o \
Xv {]h n p, \ns bm{X \Xn\mbncn pp, \o
) 933-932/3( ) 7 ) (9 9/3( ) (
.) 1 2 (
. : ) 112 ) ( (

31

kzK nte v 40 Imcy

kzK n Hcp m\w Hcn nbncn pp) (XnanZn.
Camw A _m\n lk\msWv {]kvXmhn lZoYv)
: -16

: :

.)1(

A_qlpdbvd() \nthZ\w: (P\fn A[nIamfpI

sfbpw kzK n {]thinn p Imcyw GXmsW
v dkqep mlv() tNmZn sp: Atm ]d p:
(Amlphns\ kq n (XJvh ssIm )epw, k kz
`mhhpamIpp) (XnanZn,Camw A _m\n lk\msW
v {]kvXmhn lZoYv)

****

. :)

32

113

( (