TEXT TYPE

SIGNAL WORDS/PHRASES

GRAPHIC
ORGANIZER TO USE
TEXT act as: Books
READER act as:
Librarian

1. Classification
(Is used to classify of
distinguish
characteristics of the
kinds/members of a
concept or idea)
2. Cause-Effect
(Is used to show chains of
causes and effects: one
cause results in certain
effects that become
causes of other effects)
3. Comparison-Contrast
(Is used to present items
or ideas according to
similarities they share
and/or to differences
among them)

two divisionsthree groupsfour types

five classes

4.Definition/ConceptDefinition
(Is used to define or
explain important
concepts or idea; the
concept is defines
initially and then the
definition is expanded
with examples and
restatements)
5. Chronological
Order/Time
Order/Sequence/Narratio
n
(Is used to show events
arranged in order of
occurrence)

...stands forrepresentsis understood to

bemeansis defined as

TEXT act as: Event

READER act as: News
Reporter

firstsecondthirdafterbefore
whenuntilat lastnextlater

TEXT act as: Event

READER act as:
Witness

6. Location Order/Spatial
Order
(Is used to identify the
whereabouts of objects
or to describe the layout
of a scene)

next tonearbelowaboveclose by
withinwihoutadjacent tobeside
aroundto the right or left sideopposite

TEXT act as: Map

READER act as:
Explorer

7. Problem-Solution
(Is used to describe a real
or hypothetical problem
and its actual or
suggested solution)

for this reasonconsequentlyon that

accounthencebecause

TEXT act as:

Phenomena
READER act as:
Scientist

similarlylikewisein a like mannerin

the same wayparallel

TEXT act as: Products

READER act as:
Shopper

on the other handbigger thanbut

howeverin contrastvonverselyon the
contraryalthoughnevertheless

TEXT act as: Problem

READER act as:
Troubleshooter

8. Goal-Action-Outcome
(Is used to show how to
do something and the
steps or procedures to
follow to achieve desired
result/output)

TEXT act as:

Instructor/Manual
READER act as:
Student

9. Proposition-Support
(Is used to explain why to
accept an opinion,
hypothesis, theory, or
argument)

TEXT act as:

Attorney/Court Case
READER act as: Judge