EMBEDDED

SYSTEMS

INDEX

Introduction

Characteristics

Categories

Embedded System Architecture

Applications

Recent Trends of Embedded Systems

1.INTRODUCTION:

An Embedded System is defined as a

computing device that does a specific
focused job.

They are self-contained programs that are

embedded within a piece of hardware.

Embedded software is also known as

FIRMWARE.

2.CHARACTERISTICS:

Reliability

Performance

Power consumption

Cost

Size

Limited user interface

Software upgradation capability

3.CATEGORIES:

Stand-alone embedded systems

Real-time systems

Networked Information Appliances

Mobile Devices

NETWORKED INFORMATION APPLIANCES

Desktop
Computer

Internet

ARD REAL-TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Weather
Monitorin
g
System

STAND-ALONE EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Aircraf
t
Digital camera
Missile embedded
with
a tracking system

4.EMBEDDED SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE
.

Applicatio
n
Software
OS
Hardware

4.1) HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

.

RAM
Inpu
t
Devi
ce

ROM

CPU

Applicationspecific
circuitry

Outpu
t
devic
commun
e
ication
interfac
es

4.2)SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
AS
API

a) Communication Software
b

a
e

1.Operating System

OS
d

b) File System
c) Kernel
d) Libraries
e) Device Manager

2.Application
Programming
Interface (API)
3.Application Software

Components of Software:

The Operating System

Kernel

Device Manager

Communication Protocol Software

Libraries

File Systems

The Application Programming Interface

The Application Software

Application Software
Function Calls

To create,suspend and delete tasks

To do task scheduling for meeting realtime requirements.
To facilitate inter-task communication
and synchronization between tasks.
To allocate and free memory
To access the I/O devices
To access the communication protocol
stack

5.APPLICATIONS:

Consumer appliances
Office automation
Industrial automation
Medical electronics
Computer Networking
Tele communications
Wireless Technologies
Instrumentation
Security
Finance

6.RECENT TRENDS:

Memory

Operating Systems

Communication interfaces and networking capability

Programming languages

Development tools