ECD 102: Growth and Development I

Developmental Domain by Age

Age Group: 12-24 months
Developmental Domain: physical development

Developmental Milestones:
-able to step and change direction
-determined to walk on their own
-begins to run stiffly
-trots from across the room
-attempts to use fork and spoon
-uses both hands to play with toys
-can walk up a sliding board and slide down
Developmental Characteristics and Needs:
-the child will be able to move objects using both large and small muscles
together
-lack of understanding
-no impulse control
-becomes fascinated with picking up and manipulating small objects, which
assists in their mastery of using their finger fine motor skills.
-enjoys dancing to music
Developmental Influences:
-children must practice and use their muscles in order to continue to develop
physical milestones
-Children need to have plenty of rest so they can be rejuvenated to continue
their physical play
-If a child does not receive the proper nutrition, it may cause them to lack in
some physical development activities
-Have immunizations up to date
-set limits and be assertive with children so they can develop some sort of
boundaries
Characteristics of Learning Environment:
-Make a game out of letting your child run, and then you chase him/her
-allow children to build small towers w/blocks, scribble with crayons and

dump containers over to show cause and effect

-safe and predictable environment
-begin to sit children on small chairs at low tables for mealtime and allow
them to sleep on cots instead of cribs
-let the child feed themselves and cloth themselves if they are willing
because that shows their muscle strength
Adult Roles:
-The caregiver should always be energetic and walk around with the child
-There should be challenges in the classrooms such as; tunnels, ramps ,
climbing
-children should be able to go outdoors to use their fine and gross motor
skills
-The area should be very spacious to roam about
-Encourage parallel play for children
-Have follow the leader games like hopping, jumping, and crawling around on
the floor and let the children imitate you and visa-versa
Research and Theory:
-If a child is not able of being toilet trained at this age, dont push them. Wait
on the signs when they present them to you (ZPD) Vygotsky
-Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (Erikson)
-Teachers and parents shouldnt rush or go by manuals to make sure the child
is properly taught how to do something (Erikson)
Professional References:
1. Miller, Karen. (2001). Ages and Stages. Teleshare Publishing Co.
2. Harrison, Lorina.(2013, October 8). Gross Motor Development for
Babies.
www.aussiechildcarenetwork.com/wiki/Gross_Motor_Development_for_
Babies_12-24_months 11/13/13
3. (No Name). 2013(c). Teaching Strategies for Early Childhood.
www.parentingcounts.org/information/timeline/physical-overview-1224months/ 11/13/13