A rock pile ceases to be a rock pile the moment a single man
contemplates it, bearing within him the image of a cathedral. This phrase, whether sensible or not, hints at the ability of human beings to turn anything, or even nothing at all, into something else completely. In this case, cathedrals themselves are little more than piles of rock laid in an orderly fashion, so this is saying that a man is either looking at a literal pile of rock and relating it to the fact that cathedrals are also made of rock, and imagining that, or this man is looking at what we would call a cathedral, which as I've already said is just a pile of rocks laid in an orderly fashion, and giving it a holy connotation. This can also be applied to other religious items, for example, a book of questionable stories or even another human being. The fact that they are holy is purely in the mind of the individual. This, then, brings up the idea that technically nothing is what we think it is. Everything is made up of matter, of atoms.