Calculation sheet

SHEVS
1

Sample Calculation for Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilation System (SHEVS) -

1.1 Nomenclature
Ap = Area for replacement air on the perimeter
AV = Lightwell vent area

Al = Leakage area of lightwell vent at its closed position

As = Shaft area

P0 = Atmospheric pressure
Pf,i = i th floor pressure

PS,i = Pressure inside the lightwell at i th floor

Pf,N= Pressure across the top floor enclousure

PV,1 = Pressure across the lightwell vent

Qd = Air exhaust flow rate from the fire floor

Ql,i = Leaked floor from i th floor in to the lightwell

Vi = Air velocity at i th floor
Qi = Flow rate at i th floor

Ds = Equivalent diameter of lightwell (1.30 x (a x b)^0.625 / (a + b)^0.25)

f = Friction factor of lightwell (0.025)
= Flow coefficient (0.6)

l = Height between two floors

= Air density

PT = Total pressure

QT = Total floor rate

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Calculation sheet

SHEVS

1.2 Sample calculation

Q2, V2

Ql

Pf,2

PS,2
Q1, V1

P0

PF,

Qd, V0

PS,1

1,

Figure: Fire floor air path and symbols

For the fire floor
LL3 Floor area

= 6158 m2

Total volume

= 18474 m3

Ceiling height

Recommended ACH
Required floor rate

= 3m

= 8 1/hr

= 147792 m3/hr = 41.05 m3/s

There are two lightwells. Therefore, considering each lightwell extracts equal flow rates
Flow rate from a lightwell

= 20.53 m3/s

Size

= 5.5 m x 6.2 m

Lightwell (shaft) detail

Hydrolic diameter (Ds)

. .

( .

. )

= 5.83

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Calculation sheet

SHEVS

Lightwell leakage details and vent details

Leakage area of closed windows

Table: Leakage factors (from Table 3 - Effective Air Leakage Areas (Low-Rise Residential
Applications) of 1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook (SI), Page 25.18 )
Window
type

W1

W2

Window area
Frame

Window area

Area

1.052
0.448

Frame

1.16

lm

unit

4.422 m

m2

11.618 m

m2

leakage
factor

Unit

0.000024 m2/lmc
0.00013

0.000024 m2/lmc
0.00013

Total leakage area from a floor (W1 x nos of windows + W2)

m2

0.00011

0.0000583
0.00016
0.00028
0.00015
0.00043
0.00142

W2

W1

Figure: Lightwell window detail

Leakage area of lightwell wall (leakage area ratio - from BS 5588 -4 -1998, p.52)
= (5.5 + 6.2) 2 4.9 0.693 1.518 6 6.2 3 0.11 10
Total leakage area per floor

= 0.00987

= 0.00987 + 0.00142 = 0.01129

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Calculation sheet

SHEVS

Free area of lightwell automated window

Free area

Stroke
length

Window
frame

c
b
Window

Figure: Light well window detail

Applying cos law to above triangle

cos

Therefore

= cos

+
2

cos

2
600
= 78.6
2 1518

Free area of a lightwell automated window = 0.6 sin(78.6) 0.693

Total lightwell window free area

windows at 600mm stroke length)

= 0.4076
= 1.63

(area of 04 Nos of Automated

Pressure drop across the fire floor perimeter =25Pa (from ASHRAE Transactions, Vol 91, Part
2A, 1985, P. 642-656, IRC Paper No.1401, Tamura and Shaw 1973.)

Pressure drop across the automated windows

2

=
,

0.83
,1

20.53
=
0.83 1.63

Let P0 = 0 Pa,

= 230.27

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Pressure inside the shaft

PS, 1

Air velocity at 1st floor level

= 0-25-230.27= -255.27Pa
=

= 20.53 34 = 0.60

Assuming pressure at 2nd floor level = -255.27 Pa, leakage air into the lightwell,
= 0.83

= 0.83 0.01129 255.27

=(

Total floor rate at 2nd floor level

Velocity at 2nd floor level

/ .

= 0.2993

= 0.60 + 0.2993 34 = 0.6088

Applying energy equation for floor 1 and floor 2

Note: line loss at leakage flow level of 2nd floor and stack effect are not considered.
,1 +
,1
,1
,1

,2
,2
,2

Therefore

,2 +
2

+
2

+
2

1.22(0.60882 0.602 ) 0.025 4.9 1.22 0.6088 + 0.60

=
+
2
2 5.83
2

= 0.011
,2

= 255.27 0.011 = 255.28

Assuming this value as the initial value for

, again V2 and

,2

can be calculated.

Similarly, result of previous calculation is taken as the assumed value of the present
calculation (iteration method) until

,2

get constant value. Same method is applied for

rest of the floors. These calculations are done in an Excel sheet and attached herewith.
Using the results of these calculations below parameters can be calculated.
Total flow rate

Total Pressure drop

(

)+

+ +

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