Bibliography

Akella, D., & Jordan, M. (2015). Impact of Social and Cultural Factors on Teen Pregnancy. Journal Of
Health Disparities Research & Practice, 8(1), 41-61.
This article explains how teenage pregnancy rates have declined over the past twenty year and
discusses how this problem is affecting us all. Teenage pregnancies are very common around the
world especially in the U.S. The U.S used to have high pregnancy rates but from the last twenty
years these rates have decline about 63% since 1991. According to Akella and Jordan, the
authors of this article, factors such as poverty, lack of education and healthcare are the most
common causes that contribute to this problem.
Teen pregnancies can affect us in the economy because it costs society billions of dollars. The
public spending for births of teenagers cost about $12.5 billion and that is financially devastating
for most of us but also for the government. This article will help me show accurate statistics on
how pregnancy and birth rates across the U.S. have declined from 2012-2014. It will also help
me show the common causes of teenage pregnancies in the U.S. and how it can financially affect
us all.
Armstrong, A. Y. (2015). Contraception: Unmet Needs, Existing Options, and New
Technologies. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. Retrieved
from

http://www.ebrary.com.
In this book Alicia Armstrong provides many tips to avoid getting pregnant. Armstrong
shows the many different contraceptives that exist around the world and how they

have

contributed to the decline of birth rates. According to Armstrong there are many

things

you must consider when choosing a contraceptive method. A person must

consider

the safety, efficacy, availability and acceptability of each contraceptive.

Permanent sterilization has always been considered the most effective method to avoid an
unwanted pregnancy. The least recommendable is injectable contraception because
women can develop heart disease, epilepsy, diabetes with vascular involvement,
gynecological cancer, sickle cell disease, stroke, thrombogenic mutations,
and systematic

lupus erythematous. This book will help me show teenagers the

many contraceptives that

there are to avoid a pregnancy or get an STD. It will also

help me inform others about the

safest contraceptive method and the risks that they can

develop when they do not use the

right contraceptive method.

Farber, N. (2014). The Not-So-Good News about Teenage Pregnancy. Society, 51(3), 282-287.
This article provides important information on how teenage pregnancies damage
teenage mothers in their education and personal lives. Teenage mothers are less
likely to

finish college because they stop thinking about school and start thinking

about

the new life that they are carrying in their womb. They start to have little interest

or

emotional energy to invest in school because most of their priorities change.

According to Farber, there are more disadvantages when you become a mother at a young age.
The only advantage teenage mothers have is that most of them are benefited from social
programs. This article will help me show the different factors that contribute to
teenage

pregnancies. It will also help me show how teenage pregnancies damage

families and the

environment in which these teenage mothers live.

(n.d.). Teen Pregnancy is a Serious Problem - Teen Pregnancy & Abortion. Retrieved March 19, 2016,
from https://sites.google.com/site/teenpregnancyabortion/home/teen-pregancy-is-a-seriousproblem
This website provides important information on how teenage mothers, society and government
are affected by teenage pregnancies. The national Campaign to prevent teenage pregnancies also
provides many different programs that can help most teenagers avoid pregnancies. Teenage
pregnancies are very dangerous because teen mothers are more likely to suffer serious health
risks while pregnant. They are also more likely to experience high maternal death rates and
experience anemia or sexually transmitted diseases.
According to this website, teen pregnancies costs society billions of dollars a year. It also costs
the government about $40 billion to help teenage mothers because half a million children are
born to teen mothers every year. This website will help me inform teenagers that getting pregnant
is the best thing that can happen to them because according to the national campaign to prevent
teenage pregnancies the worst thing that can happen to a teenage mother is to get pregnant and
get an STD. It will also help me demonstrate that a teenage pregnancy is a very serious problem
that affects most of us in every aspect.
Ojeda, A. (2003). Teenage pregnancy: Opposing viewpoints. Farmington Hills, MI:
Greenhaven Press.
In this book the author explains the issue of teenage pregnancy, contributing factors, and
possible solutions. Teenage pregnancies have always been a problem especially now a
days because most teenage parents dont get to finish their education, leading to
undermine their employment prospects. According to Dr. Kristin A. Moore and health

educator Barbara W. Sugland communication between parents and children is essential to

combat teenage pregnancies, but abstinence is the best solution. Abstinence was not very
popular but now a day it has become very popular across the country.
Auriana Ojeda, the author of this book, discusses the most important factors that
contribute to teenage pregnancies. Some of these factors are exploitation by older men,
lack of parental communication and socio economic factors. This book will help me prove
that teenage pregnancies have become a very serious problem across our country. It will
also help me provide important information of the many things that we as a community
can do to lower pregnancy rates in the United States.