Justin Williams

Lab partners: Veronica Ewing and Ripan Arora

Experiment 1: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Table 1: Atomic Absorption results for Zinc samples (Absorbance)
Standard(Zn)
Absorbance value
Blank
0.0013
0.5ppm
0.1415
1.0ppm
0.3045
1.5ppm
0.4544
Zinc tablet
0.3458
Reported concentration from Zinc
1.1378 ppm + 1.1518 / 2 =
Tablet (2 tests were run)
1.1448ppm
Table 2: Atomic Absorption results for
Standard (Cu)
Blank
1.0ppm
2.0ppm
4.0ppm
Unknown Sample
Reported concentration from
Unknown sample (2 tests were run)

Copper samples (absorbance)

Absorbance Value
0.0100
0.0651
0.1576
0.3272
0.2197
2.770ppm + 2.811ppm /2 =
2.7905ppm

Table 3: Atomic absorption results for

Standard (Na)
Blank
2.0ppm
4.0ppm
6.0ppm
8.0ppm
Unknown sample
Reported concentration from
Unknown sample (2 tests were run)

Sodium samples (Emission)

Intensity
0.0002
0.4228
0.6211
0.7746
0.9621
0.7543
5.1185ppm + 4.9825ppm / 2 =
5.0505ppm

Calculations
To prepare a 1L 100ppm solution of zinc from zinc sulphate:
Molecular weight: ZnSO4 7H2O: 287.54g/mol
Zn molecular weight: 65.38g/mol
To determine the amount of zinc needed the gravimetric factor is used:
100mg x 287.54g/mol / 65.38g/mol = 439.798mg

Therefore to make a 100ppm solution of zinc 439.798mg of zinc sulphate is

needed in 1L of water.
Calculations: To prepare Zinc solutions of 0.5ppm, 1.0ppm and 1.5ppm from
a 100ppm solution.
To prepare 0.5ppm from 100ppm:
c1v1=c2v2
100ppm (V1) = 0.5ppm (100mL)
0.5ppm (100mL) / 100ppm = V1
0.5mL = V1
To prepare 1.0ppm from 100ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 100ppm (100mL)
1.0mL = V1
To prepare 1.5ppm from 100ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 1.5ppm (100mL)
V1= 1.5mL
To prepare 1L of a 100ppm solution of copper from copper sulphate:
Molecular weight copper sulphate: 249.68g/mol
Molecular weight copper: 63.55g/mol
100mg/ 1L x 249.68g/mol / 63.55g/mol
=392.887mg
Therefore you would need 392.887mg of copper sulphate in 1L of solution to
make a 100ppm solution of copper.
To prepare 1.0ppm from 100ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 1.0ppm (100mL)
V1 = 1.0ppm (100mL) /100ppm
V1= 1.0mL
To prepare 2.0ppm from 100ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 2.0ppm (100mL)
V1=2.0mL
To prepare 4.0ppm from 100ppm:
C1v1= c2v2
100ppm (V1) = 4.0ppm (100mL)
V1= 4.0mL
For a 1L 100ppm Solution of Na from NaCl:
Molecular weight sodium chloride: 58.44g/mol
Molecular weight sodium: 22.99g/mol

58.44g/mol /22.99g/mol x 100ppm/1L

=254.20mg
Therefore to make a 100ppm solution of Na 254.20mg of NaCl is required in
1L of water.
To prepare a 2.0ppm solution from 100ppm:
C1v1=C2v2
100ppmv1=2.0ppm (100mL)
V1= 2.0mL
To prepare a 4.0ppm solution from 100.0ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 4.0ppm (100mL)
V1= 4.0mL
To prepare a 6.0ppm solution from 100.0ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 6.0ppm (100mL)
V1 = 6.0mL
To prepare a 8.0ppm solution from 100ppm:
100ppm (V1) = 8.0ppm (100mL)
V1= 8.0mL
Percent error
Zinc tablet:
Ppm = 1.1448ppm x 10 (dilution factor)
= 11.448ppm
Actual ppm: 10ppm
Percent Error: 11.448ppm-10.00ppm / 10.00ppm x 100% = 14.48%
Unknown Sodium sample:
Ppm = 5.0505ppm x 10 (dilution factor)
= 50.505ppm
Actual = 50ppm
Percent error: 50.505ppm-50ppm / 50ppm x100% = 1.01%
Conclusion:
In the test for absorbance of zinc samples it was determined that in the zinc
tablet there was 11.448 mg of zinc in one tablet which was 14.48% off the
expected results of 10mg in one zinc tablet. In the test for absorbance of
cooper samples it was determined that in the unknown copper sample there
was a concentration of 2.2855ppm. In the test for flame emission of sodium,
it was determined that the ppm of the unknown solution was 50.505ppm or
50.505mg which was 1.01% off the expected results of 50.00mg.