SSWG5 The student will describe the

interaction of physical and human

systems that have shaped
contemporary South Asia,
Southeastern Asia, and Eastern Asia.
I CAN EXPLAIN HOW THE LOCATION OF
SOUTH ASIA HAS INFLUENCED THE
CULTURES IN THE REGION.

Indian Subcontinent
Indian Subcontinent

Total area is half the size of the US

India
Pakistan
Nepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh

Sri Lanka

Island Nation

Plate movement
Indian subcontinent is a tectonic plate

Collides with Asian and Arabian tectonic plates

Convergent boundary

Formed Himalayas and Pamirs

Himalayas
Means snowy range
Highest mountain system in the world

Mt. Everest-highest mountain in the world (29,035)

K2-second highest mountain in the world

Ganges Plain
Many rivers
Rich alluvial soil

Important agricultural region

Home to the majority of Indias population

Indian Subcontinent: bodies of water

Surrounded by Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea
Two great river systems originate in the Himalayas

The Indus River

The Ganges River

Indus River
Indus River Valley

Pakistans key water source

Provides water for agriculture in the region

Ganges River
India and Bangladesh

Focal point for agriculture

Considered sacred by Hindus

What is a tropical Wet and Dry climate?

Type of tropical climate

Regions close to the equator

Warm temperatures

Monsoons bring changes to weather patterns

summer monsoons

Moist air and heavy rain

Winter monsoons

Dry air and little rain

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9peD
RkO-TLc

Living with monsoons

Positive effects

Negative effects

Benefits occur when monsoons bring the

right amount of rain

Increases food production
Provides needed water
Helps the economy

Challenges result when monsoons bring

too much or too little rain

Decreases food production
Causes flooding and pollution
Hurts the economy

Tibet

SSWG5 The student will describe the

interaction of physical and human
systems that have shaped
contemporary South Asia,
Southeastern Asia, and Eastern Asia.
I CAN EXPLAIN HOW THE LOCATION OF
SOUTH ASIA HAS INFLUENCED THE
CULTURES IN THE REGION.

___________ is the ethical and moral law of cause

and effect
A. Dharma
B. Kharma
C. Samsara
D. Moksha

Hinduism
What is it?
Polytheistic religion in India

Belief in many gods and one divine spirit, Brahman

Belief in reincarnation

Rebirth after death

New life based on actions in the old life
Goal of receiving ultimate peace and enlightenment

Most common religion in India

One billion followers around the world

Principles of Hinduism
Dharma

Importance of living according to ones purpose

Following rules to live an ethical life

Karma

A system of justice
Reward or punishment based on actions

Rituals in Hinduism
Worship at shrines

Praying to many gods

Chanting and reciting scriptures

Temples and holy sites

Locations related to the lives of the gods

Caste system
What is it?

A system of organizing society, created by the Aryans

Divided society in to four categories called castes
Described in ancient Hindu scriptures
Broken into smaller groups called jatis

Based on family heritages, religions, and ethnic groups

The four Varna (Castes)

Brahmins

Priests and religious leaders

Kshatriyas

Soldiers, warriors, and government leaders

Vaishyas

Merchants and business people

Sudras

Craftspeople, laborers, and artists

Outcastes
Considered too low for even the lowest caste
Given undesirable roles in society
Called the Dalit in India today

Buddhism
What is it?
A religion and philosophy founded in India

Centered on a need for personal enlightenment

Related to Hinduism in many ways, and unique in many others

Founding of Buddhism
Founded by philosopher and leader called the

Buddha

Means enlightened
Lived around 500 BCE in northern India

The Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama

Prince of a region in northern India

Wealthy and privileged

Experienced visions that encouraged him to leave

home

Visions that life is short and imperfect

Discovered enlightenment through moderation

Suffering ends by controlling desires and becoming detached

from worldly thing

Principles of Buddhism
Four Noble Truths

Set of four principles about the nature of life

Life is suffering
People can end their suffering by controlling their desires

Eightfold path

Guidelines for right behavior

Proper speech, mindfulness, attitudes, and thoughts

Buddhism and Hinduism

Similarities

Differences

Both include beliefs in reincarnation

Both include enlightenment and freedom as a

goal

Hinduism involves a belief in many gods,

including a supreme spirit, Brahman

Buddhism does not necessarily include a
belief in any gods

Islam and India

Arrival of Islam in India

Brought to India around 700-800 CE

Spread by Muslim merchants visiting Indias coasts

Muslims rulers conquered northern India around 1200 CE

Ruled empire from Delhi

Economic policies
Benefited the company and Great Britain

Indians forced to grow raw materials for export

Cotton, opium, tea, indigo

Often resulted in famine

Indians forced to buy British-manufactured goods like textiles
Railroads constructed

Leaders of the movement

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Studied law in England

Member of Indian National Congress and

President of the All-India Muslim League

Concerned about preserving rights for
Muslim minority
Studied law in London
Spent 20 years in South Africa, opposing

discrimination
Member of the Indian National Congress
Called Mahatma or Great Soul

Gandhi
Encouraged Indians to practice civil disobedience

and non-violent protests to gain rights

Refused to buy British goods or pay taxes

Stopped using British schools, courts, and other government
services
Led hundreds of followers on a 250 mile journey to make salt
from seawater

Called the Salt March

Spent seven years in jail for his actions

India and Pakistan

Two states were created

India-Hindu
Pakistan-Muslim

Not all Hindus lived in India, and not all Muslims

lived in Pakistan

More than 10 million people were affected, and millions chose

to move
500,000 people were killed in riots between Hindus and
Muslims

Gandhi helped to end violence, but he was assassinated

Click icon to add picture

Religion in India

South Asia
today

1947-India
1947Pakistan
1971-East
Pakistan
(present day
Bangladesh)
1948-Burma