BSC6900 UMTS Technical Description (V900R017C10 - 01) (PDF) - en

BSC6900 UMTS
V900R017C10
Technical Description
Issue
01
Date
2015-03-25
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written
consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address:
Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
BSC6900 UMTS
About This Document
About This Document

Purpose
This document describes the logical structure, signal flow, transmission and networking, and
reliability of the BSC6900. It helps the reader understand the implementation and working
principles of the BSC6900.
NOTE
The OMU board can be OMUa/OMUb/OMUc board. The SCU board can be SCUa/SCUb board. The SAU
board can be SAUa/SAUc board.
Product Version
The following table lists the product version related to the document.
Product Name
Product Version
Solution Version
BSC6900
V900R017C10
RAN17.1
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
l
Network planners
System engineers
Field engineers
Organization
1 Change Description
This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes, including function changes and editorial changes. Function changes refer
to changes in functions of a specific product version. Editorial changes refer to changes in
wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

ii
BSC6900 UMTS
About This Document
2 Logical Structure
Logically, the BSC6900 consists of the following subsystems: the switching subsystem (MAC
switching), service processing subsystem (RNC CP/RNC UP), interface processing subsystem
(ATM/IP interface board), clock synchronization subsystem, and O&M subsystem (OMU
board).
3 Signal Flow
The BSC6900 signal flow consists of the user-plane signal flow, control-plane signaling flow,
and O&M signal flow.
4 Transmission and Networking
The transmission and networking between the BSC6900 and other NEs can be classified into
the following types: transmission and networking on the Iub interface and on the Iu/Iur
interface.
5 Reliability
The BSC6900 guarantees its operation reliability using board redundancy and port redundancy.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance deterioration, or unanticipated results.
NOTICE is used to address practices not related to personal
injury.
Calls attention to important information, best practices and
tips.
NOTE is used to address information not related to personal
injury, equipment damage, and environment deterioration.
General Conventions
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

iii
BSC6900 UMTS
About This Document
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Times New Roman
Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Boldface
Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.
Italic
Book titles are in italics.
Courier New
Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic
Command arguments are in italics.
[]
Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.
{ x | y | ... }
Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected.
[ x | y | ... ]
Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.
{ x | y | ... }*
Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all
items can be selected.
[ x | y | ... ]*
Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.
GUI Conventions
The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Convention
Description
Boldface
Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

are in boldface. For example, click OK.
>
Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.

iv
BSC6900 UMTS
About This Document
Keyboard Operations
The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Format
Description
Key
Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2
Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt

+A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.
Key 1, Key 2
Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means

the two keys should be pressed in turn.
Mouse Operations
The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Action
Description
Click
Select and release the primary mouse button without moving

the pointer.
Double-click
Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

quickly without moving the pointer.
Drag
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
pointer to a certain position.

BSC6900 UMTS
Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii
1 Change Description.......................................................................................................................1
2 Logical Structure............................................................................................................................2
2.1 Switching Subsystem......................................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Service Processing Subsystem........................................................................................................................................6
2.3 Interface Processing Subsystem.....................................................................................................................................6
2.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem.................................................................................................................................7
2.4.1 Clock Sources..............................................................................................................................................................7
2.4.2 Structure of the Clock Synchronization Subsystem....................................................................................................8
2.4.3 Clock Synchronization Process.................................................................................................................................10
2.4.4 PLL Working Principles............................................................................................................................................11
2.5 O&M Subsystem..........................................................................................................................................................13
2.5.1 Dual O&M Plane.......................................................................................................................................................13
2.5.2 O&M Network...........................................................................................................................................................14
2.5.3 Data Configuration Management..............................................................................................................................15
2.5.4 Security Management................................................................................................................................................18
2.5.5 Performance Management.........................................................................................................................................21
2.5.6 Alarm Management...................................................................................................................................................23
2.5.7 BSC6900 Loading Management...............................................................................................................................25
2.5.8 BSC6900 Upgrade Management...............................................................................................................................25
3 Signal Flow...................................................................................................................................36
3.1 User-Plane Signal Flow................................................................................................................................................37
3.1.1 UMTS Signal Flow Between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS...................................................................................................37
3.1.2 CBC Signal Flow.......................................................................................................................................................39
3.2 Control-Plane Signaling Flow......................................................................................................................................40
3.2.1 Signaling Flow on the Uu Interface...........................................................................................................................40
3.2.2 Signaling Flow on the Iub Interface .........................................................................................................................42
3.2.3 Signaling Flow on the Iu/Iur Interface .....................................................................................................................43
3.3 O&M Signal Flow........................................................................................................................................................44
4 Transmission and Networking.................................................................................................46

4.1 Transmission and Networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p Interface ........................................................................................47
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

vi
BSC6900 UMTS
Contents
4.1.1 ATM-based Networking on the Iu/Iur Interface........................................................................................................47

4.1.2 IP-based Networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p Interface....................................................................................................51
4.2 Transmission and Networking on the Iub Interface.....................................................................................................56
4.2.1 ATM-based Networking on the Iub Interface...........................................................................................................56
4.2.2 IP-based Networking on the Iub Interface.................................................................................................................58
4.2.3 ATM/IP Dual-Stack Networking on the Iub Interface..............................................................................................62
5 Reliability......................................................................................................................................64
5.1 Board Redundancy.......................................................................................................................................................67
5.1.1 Backup of AEUa Boards...........................................................................................................................................67
5.1.2 Backup of AOUa/AOUc Boards...............................................................................................................................68
5.1.3 Resource Pool of DEUa Boards................................................................................................................................69
5.1.4 Backup of FG2a/FG2c Boards..................................................................................................................................69
5.1.5 Backup of GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb Boards.........................................................................................................70
5.1.6 Backup of GOUa/GOUc/GOUe Boards....................................................................................................................71
5.1.7 Resource Pool of NIUa Boards.................................................................................................................................72
5.1.8 Backup of OMUa/OMUc Boards..............................................................................................................................72
5.1.9 Backup of PEUa/PEUc Boards..................................................................................................................................73
5.1.10 Backup of POUa/POUc Boards...............................................................................................................................74
5.1.11 Independent Mode of SAUa/SAUc Board..............................................................................................................75
5.1.12 Backup of SCUa/SCUb Boards...............................................................................................................................75
5.1.13 Backup of UOIa/UOIc Boards................................................................................................................................76
5.1.14 Backup of SPUa/SPUb/SPUc Boards......................................................................................................................77
5.2 Port Redundancy...........................................................................................................................................................78
5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup......................................................................................................................................78
5.2.2 Ethernet Port Backup.................................................................................................................................................79
5.2.3 Ethernet Port Load Sharing.......................................................................................................................................80
5.2.4 Ethernet Port Trunking..............................................................................................................................................80
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

vii
BSC6900 UMTS
1 Change Description
Change Description
This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes, including function changes and editorial changes. Function changes refer
to changes in functions of a specific product version. Editorial changes refer to changes in
wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.
01 (2015-03-25)
This issue does not include any changes.
Draft A (2014-01-15)
Compared with 02 (2014-06-30) of V900R016C00, this issue includes the following changes.
Change Type
Change Description
Functional
change
Added
None.
Modified
Deleted the description that the DEUa board

preferentially processes services in the subrack where it
is installed from 5.1.3 Resource Pool of DEUa
Boards.
Added the following description to 5.1.14 Backup of
SPUa/SPUb/SPUc Boards: Backup data may be lost
and ongoing services may be interrupted if the interval
between active/standby switchovers of SPUa/SPUb/
SPUc boards is shorter than 5 minutes.
Deleted
Editorial change
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
None.
None.

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Logical Structure
About This Chapter

Logically, the BSC6900 consists of the following subsystems: the switching subsystem (MAC
switching), service processing subsystem (RNC CP/RNC UP), interface processing subsystem
(ATM/IP interface board), clock synchronization subsystem, and O&M subsystem (OMU
board).
Figure 2-1 shows the logical structure of the BSC6900.
Figure 2-1 Logical structure
2.1 Switching Subsystem

The switching subsystem manages the switching of data flow, signaling flow, and O&M signals.
2.2 Service Processing Subsystem
The service processing subsystem performs the control functions defined in 3GPP protocols and
processes services of the BSC6900.
2.3 Interface Processing Subsystem
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
The interface processing subsystem provides transmission ports and resources, processes
transportlayer and networklayer messages, and enables interaction between the BSC6900
internal data and external data.
2.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem
The clock synchronization subsystem of the BSC6900 consists of the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/
GCGb board and the clock processing units of each subrack. It provides working clocks and
reference clocks for base stations for the BSC6900.
2.5 O&M Subsystem
The O&M subsystem enables management and maintenance in the following scenarios: routine
maintenance, emergency maintenance, upgrades, and capacity expansion. It enables
management in data configuration, security, performance, alarm, loading, and upgrade. The
O&M subsystem consists of the EOMUa board.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
2.1 Switching Subsystem

The switching subsystem manages the switching of data flow, signaling flow, and O&M signals.
Functions
The switching subsystem performs the following functions:
l
Provides intra-subrack Medium Access Control (MAC) switching
Provides inter-subrack MAC switching and TDM switching
Distributes clock signals and radio frame number (RFN) signals to service processing
boards
Hardware Involved
The switching subsystem consists of the SCUa/SCUb boards, high-speed backplane channels
in each subrack, and inter-subrack cables between SCUa/SCUb boards.
Network topologies between subracks

The BSC6900 subracks can be connected in the star or chain topology. In Figure 2-2, (1) and
(2) represent the star and chain topologies, respectively, where the dots represent subracks.
l
Star topology
One node functions as the center node and it is connected to each of the other nodes. The
communication between the other nodes must be switched by the center node.
Chain topology
There is a connection between every two adjacent nodes. If an intermediate node is out of
service, the communication between other nodes is affected. The bandwidth usage
efficiency is high in this topology.
Figure 2-2 Network topologies between subracks
In the switching subsystem of the BSC6900, the star or chain topology is established among
MAC switching logical modules.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Inter-Subrack Connection
The MAC switching logical module switches the ATM-based or IP-based traffic data, O&M
signals, and signaling. Switching is performed by the SCUa boards and the Ethernet cables
between the SCUa/SCUb boards.
The MPS functions as the basic subrack, and a maximum of five EPSs function as extension
subracks. The star interconnections between the MPS and EPSs are established through the
Ethernet cables between SCUa boards, as shown in Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3 Interconnections between the MPS and EPSs through the inter-subrack cables
between SCUa boards
The MPS functions as the basic subrack. Star interconnections are established between the MPS
and EPSs in the MPR through the Ethernet cables between SCUb boards. Chain interconnections
are established between the EPSs in the MPR and other EPSs through the Ethernet cables
between SCUb boards, as shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4 Interconnections between the MPS and EPSs through the inter-subrack cables
between SCUb boards
For example, as shown in Figure 2-4, subracks 0, 1, and 2 are in the same cabinet and star
interconnections are established between them through the Ethernet cables between SCUb
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
boards. Chain interconnections are established between subracks 1 and 3 through the Ethernet
cables between SCUb boards. Data is exchanged between subrack 0 and subrack 3 through
subrack 1. For details, see Installing the Inter-SCUb SFP+ High-Speed Cables Between Different
Subracks.
2.2 Service Processing Subsystem

The service processing subsystem performs the control functions defined in 3GPP protocols and
processes services of the BSC6900.
Functions
The service processing subsystem performs the following functions:
l
User data transfer
System admission control
Radio channel ciphering and deciphering
Data integrity protection
Mobility management
Radio resource management and control
Cell broadcast service control
System information and user message tracing
Data volume reporting
Radio access management
CS service processing
PS service processing
Service processing subsystems communicate with one another through the switching subsystem
to form a resource pool and to perform tasks cooperatively. They can be increased as required,
according to the linear superposition principle, thereby improving the service processing
capability of the BSC6900.
Hardware Involved
The service processing subsystem consists of:
l
Signaling processing boards: SPUa, SPUb, and SPUc
Service processing boards: DPUb and DPUe
2.3 Interface Processing Subsystem

The interface processing subsystem provides transmission ports and resources, processes
transportlayer and networklayer messages, and enables interaction between the BSC6900
internal data and external data.
Functions
The interface processing subsystem performs the following functions:
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Provides the following types of ports for IP and ATM transmission:

E1/T1 electrical ports
Channelized STM-1/OC-3 optical ports
Unchannelized STM-1/OC-3 optical ports
FE/GE electrical ports
GE optical ports
Processes transportlayer and networklayer messages and hides differences between

them within the BSC6900.
Terminates transportlayer and networklayer messages on the interface boards in the

uplink. It also transmits the user plane, control plane, and management plane datagrams to
the corresponding service processing boards. The signaling flow processing in the downlink
is the reverse of the signaling flow processing in the uplink.
Hardware Involved
The interface processing subsystem consists of the AEU, AOU, FG2, GOU, PEU, and UOI
boards.
2.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem

The clock synchronization subsystem of the BSC6900 consists of the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/
GCGb board and the clock processing units of each subrack. It provides working clocks and
reference clocks for base stations for the BSC6900.
2.4.1 Clock Sources

The BSC6900 can use the following clock sources: Building Integrated Timing Supply System
(BITS) clock, external 8 kHz clock, LINE clock, Global Positioning System (GPS) clock, and
local oscillator.
BITS Clock
l
BITS clock signals consist of 2 MHz, 2 Mbit/s, and 1.5 Mbit/s clock signals. 1.5 Mbit/s
clock signals are T1 clock signals. 2 MHz and 2 Mbit/s are E1 clock signals. 2 MHz is
intended for electrical impulse, and 2 Mbit/s is intended for data flow.
The BITS clock has two inputs: BITS1 and BITS2. BITS1 and BITS2 correspond to the
CLKIN0 and CLKIN1 ports on the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board, respectively. The
BSC6900 obtains the BITS clock signals through the CLKIN0 or CLKIN1 port.
External 8 kHz Clock

Through the COM1 port on the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board, the BSC6900 obtains 8 kHz
standard clock signals from an external device.
LINE Clock
The LINE clock is an 8 kHz clock that is transmitted from an interface board in the MPS to the
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board through the backplane channel. The LINE clock has two input
modes: LINE1 and LINE2.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
NOTE
LINE1 and LINE2 correspond to backplane channel 1 and backplane channel 2, respectively.
GPS Clock
The GPS clock provides 1 Pulse Per Second (PPS) clock signals. The BSC6900 obtains the GPS
clock signals from the GPS system. The GCGa/GCGb board is configured with a satellite card,
and the BSC6900 receives the GPS signals over the antenna port on the GCGa/GCGb board.
NOTE
The GCUa/GCUb board is not configured with a satellite card. Therefore, when the BSC6900 is configured with
the GCUa/GCUb board instead of the GCGa/GCGb board, the GPS clock is unavailable to the BSC6900.
Local Oscillator
If the BSC6900 fails to obtain any external clock, the BSC6900 can obtain its working clock
signals from the local oscillator.
2.4.2 Structure of the Clock Synchronization Subsystem

The clock synchronization subsystem consists of the clock board, backplanes, clock cables
between subracks, and clock module in each board.
Figure 2-5 shows the structure of the clock synchronization subsystem.
Figure 2-5 Structure of the clock synchronization subsystem
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
The structure of the BSC6900 clock synchronization subsystem is described as follows:

l
The BSC6900 clock board can be the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board. The BSC6900
cannot be configured with both the GCUa/GCUb and GCGa/GCGb boards. It can be
configured with only the GCUa/GCUb board or the GCGa/GCGb board, depending on the
clock type.
If the MPS extracts clock signals, the clock signals enter the MPS in any of the following
ways:
The clock signals enter the port on the panel of the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board.
The clock signals enter the port on the panel of an interface board that can extract line
clock signals, include AEUa/AOUa/AOUc/PEUa/POUa/POUc/UOIa/UOIc board. The
clock signals are then switched to the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board through the
backplane.
The GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board generates oscillator clock signals.
If the EPS extracts clock signals, the interface board that extracts clock signals must be the
AEUa/AOUa/PEUa/POUa/UOIa board.
Figure 2-6 shows the connections of the clock cables between the clock boards in the MPS and
the SCU boards in the EPS when the BSC6900 is configured with active and standby clock
boards and SCU boards.
Figure 2-6 Connections of the clock cables between the clock boards in the MPS and the SCU
boards in the EPS
The active and standby clock boards in the MPS are connected to the active and standby SCU
boards in the EPS through the Y-shaped clock signal cables. This connection mode ensures that
the system clock of the BSC6900 works properly in the case of a single-point failure of the clock
board, Y-shaped clock signal cable, or SCU board.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
In addition, the Y-shaped clock signal cable ensures the proper working of the SCU boards
during the switchover of the active and standby clock boards.
NOTE
In the MPS, the clock board sends clock signals to the SCU board in the same subrack through the backplane
channel. Therefore, a Y-shaped clock signal cable is not required.
2.4.3 Clock Synchronization Process

The BSC6900 processes external clock signals before sending them to its boards. The clock
synchronization process varies slightly from one subrack to another.
NOTE
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
Clock Synchronization in the MPS/EPS

The MPS/EPS reference clock signals are provided by the clock board. The clock board can
extract clock signals from an external device or extract LINE clock signals from the Iu-CS
interface. The GCGa/GCGb board can also extract clock signals from the GPS.
l
Figure 2-7 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts clock signals from an external device or from the GPS.
Figure 2-8 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts LINE clock signals from the Iu-CS interface.
Figure 2-7 Process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS (1)
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

10
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Figure 2-8 Process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS (2)
The process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS is as follows:

1.
If an external clock is used, external clock signals travel to the clock board through the port
on the panel of the clock board. If the GPS clock is used, clock signals travel to the clock
board through the GPS antenna port. If the LINE clock is used, clock signals travel to the
clock board through the backplane.
2.
The clock source is phase-locked in the clock board to generate clock signals. The clock
signals, then, are sent to the SCU board in the MPS through the backplane and to the SCU
board in each EPS through the clock signal output ports.
3.
The SCU board in the MPS/EPS transmits the clock signals to other boards in the same
subrack through the backplane.
NOTE
The Iub interface boards transmit the clock signals to the base stations.
2.4.4 PLL Working Principles

A phase-locked loop (PLL) uses the digital phase discrimination, software filtering, and PID
control algorithms to implement the phase lock function. It tracks selected reference clock
sources and outputs high-precision and reliable 8 kHz clock signals.
A PLL works in one of the following states: Free Running, Quick Capture, Lock, and Hold.
Figure 2-9 shows how a PLL shifts from one state to another in automatic working mode.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

11
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Figure 2-9 Diagram for PLL state shift
Free Running
If no reference clock source is configured or the reference clock sources are unavailable,
the PLL works in the Free Running state.
If there's an available reference clock source, the BSC judges the reference clock source
for 260 seconds. If the source remains stable for more than 260 seconds, the PLL shifts
to the Quick Capture state. Otherwise, the PLL remains in the Free Running state.
Quick Capture
If the reference clock source is available and remains stable for a period (400 seconds
for a GPS source or 200 seconds for any source other than GPS), the PLL shifts to the
Lock state.
If the reference clock source is lost, the PLL shifts back to the Free Running state.
Lock
If the reference clock source is lost when the lock has been started for more than 600
seconds, the PLL shifts to the Hold state.
If the reference clock source is lost within 600 seconds after the lock is started, the PLL
shifts back to the Free Running state.
Hold
If there's still no reference clock source available 10 days after the PLL shifts to the
Hold state, the PLL shifts back to the Free Running state.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

12
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
If other reference clock source is available, or the reference clock source recovers within
10 days and remains stable for more than 260 seconds, the PLL shifts to the Quick
Capture state.
2.5 O&M Subsystem

The O&M subsystem enables management and maintenance in the following scenarios: routine
maintenance, emergency maintenance, upgrades, and capacity expansion. It enables
management in data configuration, security, performance, alarm, loading, and upgrade. The
O&M subsystem consists of the EOMUa board.
2.5.1 Dual O&M Plane

The BSC6900 has a dual O&M plane to prevent single-point failure from affecting the normal
operation and maintenance.
Figure 2-10 shows the dual O&M plane design.
Figure 2-10 Dual O&M plane
The internal network and external network should be on different network segments to ensure
that the two networks are isolated.
The dual O&M plane design is implemented by the hardware that works in active/standby mode.
When an active component is faulty but the standby component works properly, a switchover
is automatically performed between the active and standby components, to ensure that the O&M
channel works properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

13
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
The active/standby OMU boards use the same external virtual IP address to communicate with
the LMT or U2000 and use the same internal virtual IP address to communicate with the SCU
boards.
l
When the active OMU board is faulty, an active/standby switchover is performed

automatically, and the standby OMU board takes over the O&M task. In this case, the
internal and external virtual IP addresses remain unchanged. This ensures the proper
communication between the internal and external networks of the BSC6900.
When a single-point failure occurs on the switching network, the active/standby SCU
boards in each subrack are switched over automatically. This ensures that the O&M channel
works properly.
2.5.2 O&M Network

The O&M network of the BSC6900 consists of the U2000, LMT, OMU, SCU boards, and O&M
modules in other boards.
NOTE
Either the OMUa or OMUc board can serve as an OMU.

Either the SCUa or SCUb board can serve as an SCU.
Figure 2-11 shows the structure of the BSC6900 O&M network.

Figure 2-11 Structure of the O&M network
NOTE
Figure 2-11 shows only some boards in the O&M network.

The SCU boards in the EPS are connected to the SCU boards in the MPS through crossover cables. The crossover
cables transmit O&M signals from the MPS to the EPS.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

14
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
U2000
The U2000 is a centralized network management system. The U2000 is connected to the
BSC6900 through Ethernet cables. One U2000 can remotely manage multiple BSCs
(BSC6900).
LMT
The LMT is connected to the OMU board of the BSC6900. One or multiple LMTs can be
connected to the OMU board directly or through networks. The maintenance of the BSC6900
can be performed locally or remotely through the LMT. The LMT is connected to an alarm box
through a serial cable.
OMU Board
The OMU board is the back administration module of the BSC6900. It is connected to an external
device through the Ethernet cable. The BSC6900 can be configured with one OMU board in
independent mode or with two OMU boards in active/standby mode.
The OMU board functions as a bridge between the BSC6900 and the LMT or U2000. The O&M
network of the BSC6900 is classified into the following networks:
l
Internal network: implements the communication between the OMU board and the host
boards of the BSC6900.
External network: implements the communication between the OMU board and external
devices, such as the LMT or U2000.
SCU Board
The SCU board is the switching and control board of the BSC6900. It is responsible for the
O&M of the subrack where it is located. If a subrack is configured with two SCU boards, the
two boards work in active/standby mode.
The SCU board performs O&M on other boards in the same subrack through the backplane
channels. The SCU boards in different subracks are connected through crossover cables.
2.5.3 Data Configuration Management

The data configuration management involves managing the data configuration process of the
BSC6900 so that configuration data is successfully sent to the related boards.
Data Configuration Modes

The BSC6900 supports two data configuration modes: effective mode and ineffective mode.
If data configuration is performed on the BSC6900 in effective mode, the configuration data
takes effect on the host boards in real time.
If data configuration is performed on the BSC6900 in ineffective mode, the configuration data
takes effect only after the BSC6900 is switched to the effective mode and is reset.
NOTE
For the concept of host boards, see 2.5.8 BSC6900 Upgrade Management.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

15
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Configuration in effective mode

Configuration in effective mode is applied to dynamic modification of the BSC6900
configuration data.
Figure 2-12 shows the principle of configuration in effective mode.
Figure 2-12 Principle of configuration in effective mode
The process of configuration in effective mode is as follows:
1.
The BSC6900 is switched to the effective mode.
2.
The LMT or U2000 sends MML commands to the configuration management module
of the OMU.
3.
Upon receiving the MML commands, the configuration management module of the
OMU sends the configuration data to the database of the related host board and writes
the data to the OMU database.
Configuration in ineffective mode

Configuration in ineffective mode is applied to BSC6900 initial configuration.
Figure 2-13 shows the principle of configuration in ineffective mode.
Figure 2-13 Principle of configuration in ineffective mode
The process of configuration in ineffective mode is as follows:
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
1.
The BSC6900 is switched to the ineffective mode.
2.
The LMT or U2000 sends MML commands to the configuration management module
of the OMU.
16
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
3.
Upon receiving the MML commands, the configuration management module sends
only the configuration data included in the MML commands to the OMU database.
4.
When a subrack or the BSC6900 is reset, the OMU formats the configuration data in
the database into a .dat file, loads the file onto the related host boards, and then
activates the configuration data.
Data Configuration Check

The data configuration check involves the data validity check and data consistency check. This
ensures the normal operation of the BSC6900.
l
Data validity check

The data validity check checks whether a configuration complies with the configuration
rules and whether an MML script file complies with the syntactic rules.
When a configuration is performed or an MML command is executed, the data validity
check is performed. If an error is detected, the BSC6900 stops performing the configuration
or running the command. At the same time, a warning message is displayed.
Data consistency check

The data consistency check consists of two parts:
Checking data consistency between the active and standby OMUs
If the BSC6900 is configured with the active and standby OMUs, the data on the active
OMU must be the same as that on the standby OMU to ensure BSC6900 reliability. If
a data consistency is detected, an active/standby switchover cannot be performed when
the active OMU becomes faulty.
Checking data consistency between the OMU and host boards
The data on the host boards must be the same as that on the OMU. Otherwise, the system
cannot run stably. In addition, some data modified by users cannot take effect. Figure
2-14 shows the procedure for the data consistency check.
Figure 2-14 Checking data consistency between the OMU and host boards
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

17
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
The procedure for checking data consistency between the OMU and host boards is as
follows:
1.
On the LMT, a data consistency check command is sent to the OMU automatically
on a regular basis or manually.
2.
The OMU analyzes the parameters of the command and checks whether the data in
the board databases is the same as that in the OMU database.
3.
The OMU generates a result file and sends it to the LMT.
NOTE
For more information about data configuration, see section Running MML Commands of BSC6900 UMTS
LMT User Guide.
2.5.4 Security Management

The security management ensures the security of user login and helps to identify equipment
faults. It involves rights management, log management, and inventory management.
Rights Management
The rights management is performed to identify a user and define the rights of the user.
The BSC6900 supports multi-user operations. It performs hierarchical rights management for
users to ensure security. The BSC6900 authorizes users at multiple levels and assigns certain
rights to the users at each level. To log in to the LMT of the BSC6900, a user must enter the
registered user name and password, through which the BSC6900 identifies the user.
l
User types
Local users: refer to the accounts (including the default local account admin) managed
by only the BSC6900 LMT. This type of LMT users can log in to the LMT during the
BSC6900 installation or during the disconnection from the U2000.
Domain users: refer to the accounts that are created, changed, authenticated, and
authorized on the U2000. Domain users can manage the BSC6900 after logging in to
the LMT or after logging in to the U2000 server through the U2000 client.
Password
You can use upper-case letters, lower-case letters, digits, and special characters to
specify a user password to the maximum complexity.
Run the SET PWDPOLICY command to set Maximum Valid Days and Password
History Records Number.
NOTE
Run the LST PWDPOLICY command to query the password configuration information.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
User rights

18
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Table 2-1 Definitions of the user rights

Class
Rights
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
Guest
Guest can only

browse data.
G_0
The objects in this command group are used to

query system information, such as users,
command groups, logs, NTP, EMS, and time
zones.
G_2

query data configurations.
G_4

query alarm information.
G_6

query performance data, for example, a result file
or a task file.
G_8

query device information such as device status.
G_13

query the information about base stations, for
example, the attributes and boards of base
stations.
G_7

perform performance management, for example,
to activate a performance task file or to upload a
performance result file.
G_9

perform device management, for example, to
reset, block, unblock, or switch over a board.
G_10

trace and monitor the signal flow on the control
plane and on the user plane, for example, to query
a tracing task or to create/delete/start a tracing
task.
G_11

modify device panels.
G_12

perform software management, for example,
patch management.
User
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
In addition to
the rights
granted to the
Guest, User
can perform
system OM.

19
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Class
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
G_14

perform base station management, for example,
to manage base station software or to reset a base
station.
In addition to
the rights
granted to the
User, the
Operator can
perform data
configuration
on the
equipment.
G_3

configure data, for example, the data for a new
cell.
G_5

perform alarm management, for example, to
clear an alarm or to set the alarm severity.
Adminis
trator
Administrator
has the highest
operation
rights. It can
manage all the
other users.
G_1

manage system information, for example, to
manage a user, to set the time zone, to set the
daylight saving time, or to perform batch
configuration.
Custom
The rights of this user are defined by the Administrator according to the
command groups required for the user.
Operator
Rights
Log Management
Log management records the operation history and saves the related logs about the BSC6900.
Therefore, it helps analyze and identify faults.
Table 2-2 lists the types of logs that are recorded when the BSC6900 is running.
Table 2-2 Types of logs
Type
Description
Running log
Records the information on the operating status of the system. The

information is used to analyze and locate faults.
Operation log
Records the information on operation and maintenance performed

by users.
Security log
Records the information on operations that may affect system

security, for example, information on changing the user password.
Log management provides the following functions:

Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

20
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Saving log files

You can save the log information to the OMU by setting the log recording parameters.
Uploading log files

You can upload the log files in the OMU to a specified FTP server by setting the uploading
parameters.
Querying log files

You can view the specified log information in the OMU by setting the querying conditions.
Extracting the latest log information from the buffer

You can obtain the latest log information by saving the log information stored in the buffer
to the log file.
NOTE
The OMU saves the log information in the buffer. When the log information reaches the specified limit
or the current time reaches the log record period, the OMU saves the log information to the log file.
Inventory Management
The inventory management refers to the efficient and centralized management of the physical
asset information and primary configuration information about the equipment in the network.
By exporting and uploading the inventory information files on the U2000, you can learn the
physical and logical configurations of NEs.
The inventory management system is deployed on the U2000. It obtains the required inventory
information from NEs through the related interfaces. NEs report inventory information to the
U2000 in the form of files, which contain information on the following aspects:
l
Equipment
Connection
Modules
Configurations
Peer equipment
Host version
Cabinets
Subracks
Boards and the Flash electronic labels of the boards
Slots
Ports
Antennas
License
2.5.5 Performance Management

BSC6900 performance management involves collecting, analyzing, and querying performance
data.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

21
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Performance Management Process

The BSC6900 boards collect performance measurement data and periodically report the data to
the performance measurement module of the OMU. According to the task file, the performance
measurement module periodically reports the measurement data to the U2000.
Figure 2-15 shows the process of periodically collecting performance measurement data by the
BSC6900.
Figure 2-15 Process of periodically collecting performance measurement data
The process of periodically collecting performance measurement data is as follows:

1.
The user registers a customized performance measurement task and specifies the object,
time, and item attributes of the task on the U2000 client.
2.
Based on the performance measurement task, the U2000 server modifies the measurement
task file, sends it to the OMU, and issues a command to activate the new measurement task
file.
3.
Based on the new measurement task file, the OMU requests host boards to collect data
according to the new requirements. The OMU receives the measurement results from the
host boards and saves them as files.
4.
The OMU notifies the U2000 server of the measurement results and uploads the files into
the U2000 server. The U2000 server processes the files and saves them into the database.
5.
Based on the performance measurement task registered by the U2000 client, the U2000
server obtains the relevant results from the database, performs certain calculation on them,
and then sends the result to the U2000 client.
Measurement
Performance measurement objects consist of three types: default measurement objects, non
default measurement objects, and real-time measurement objects. You cannot add objects to or
remove objects from the list of default measurement objects on the U2000.
l
Default measurement objects

The BSC6900 automatically measures all objects of this type. The default measurement
task file supports three periods:
Normal measurement period with a default duration of 30 minutes or 60 minutes. A
proper measurement period can be selected on the U2000.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

22
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Short measurement period with a default duration of 5 minutes or 15 minutes. A proper

measurement period can be selected on the U2000.
Long measurement period with a default duration of 24 hours.
NOTE
Select a measurement period on the U2000 if you need to change the current measurement period.
Performance data will be unreliable within the current or selected measurement period, whichever is
longer. For example, when you change the measurement period from 30 minutes to 5 minutes or from 5
minutes to 30 minutes, the performance data within the 30-minute measurement period will be unreliable.
Nondefault measurement objects

By default, the BSC6900 does not measure the nondefault measurement objects. The
purpose of defining nondefault measurement objects is to avoid measuring these objects
every time because they are of a large quantity. You can add objects to or remove objects
from the list of non-default measurement objects on the U2000.
Real-time measurement objects

The BSC6900 measures real-time measurement objects in a short measurement period. The
purpose is to monitor the changes in performance counters in real time. Under special
circumstances, the BSC6900 measures the target KPIs in one minute. The U2000 can start
or stop real-time measurement tasks. Real-time measurement data is reported to the U2000
through messages.
2.5.6 Alarm Management

The alarm management helps to monitor the running status of the BSC6900 and informs you of
faults in real time so that you can take proper measures in time.
Alarm Management Function

l
Setting the storage capacity and time limit for alarm logs
The BSC6900 can store the information of the alarms generated in the latest 90 days and
a maximum of 150,000 alarm logs. You can set the storage capacity and time limit as
required.
Alarm masking
You can shield an alarm by alarm ID. Alternatively, you can shield a specific alarm or all
alarms of a BTS, cell, board, port, or DSP by setting alarm masking conditions, thereby
reducing the number of reported derivative alarms.
Alarm alert
When a fault alarm occurs, the BSC6900 can notify the operator using emails, icon flashing,
short message, terminal sound, and audible and visual indications of the alarm box.
Alarm information processing

The operator can browse alarm information in real time, query historical alarm information,
and handle alarms based on the handling suggestions available on the online help.
Alarm Management Process

The alarm management process consists of alarm generation, alarm reporting, alarm handling,
and alarm clearance. Figure 2-16 shows the process of alarm management.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

23
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Figure 2-16 Alarm management process
Each board automatically detects alarms and reports them to the OMU. The OMU then classifies
these alarms into different severity levels and sends them to the LMT or U2000 server. You can
view and manage alarm information on the LMT or U2000 client.
The alarm management module of the OMU provides the following functions:
l
Alarm storage
The alarm management module stores the alarms reported by host boards in the database
of the OMU.
Alarm processing
The alarm management module processes the operation commands from the LMT or U2000
client and then returns the operation results to the LMT or U2000 client. These commands
include querying active alarms, querying alarm logs, and modifying alarm configuration
items.
Alarm triggering
If the generation of an alarm triggers another alarm, the alarm management module reports
the two alarms to the LMT or U2000 client.
Alarm clearing
After an alarm is handled, the system automatically clears the alarm. At the same time, the
alarm management module clears the alarm information from the LMT or U2000.
NOTE
During a BSC6900 upgrade, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms and will not inherit the alarms of the source
version.
l For the alarms generated on the BSC6900, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms after a reset.
l For the alarms generated on the GBTS, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms after the GBTS resets during a
BSC upgrade. If the GBTS OML is always disconnected after a BSC upgrade, the GBTS can not report
alarms.
l For the alarms generated on the eGBTS, the alarms are directly reported to the U2000. Therefore, the
BSC6900 upgrade will not affect the alarms.
Alarm Box
The alarm box generates audible and visual alarms. The red, orange, yellow, and green alarm
indicators on the alarm box indicate the critical, major, minor, and warning alarms, respectively.
Different alarm severity levels have different alarm sounds. Figure 2-17 shows the working
principle of the alarm box.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

24
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Figure 2-17 Working principle of the alarm box
The alarm box is connected to the LMT through a serial port. When an alarm is reported, the
LMT forwards it to the alarm box. The alarm box then generates an audible and visual alarm.
You can stop alarm sounds, turn off alarm indicators, and reset the alarm box through the LMT.
2.5.7 BSC6900 Loading Management

The BSC6900 loading management involves managing the process of loading program and data
files onto boards after the boards (or subracks) are started or restarted.
NOTE
Principle of Loading
The OMU board and the active SCU board in each subrack play important roles during the
BSC6900 loading process.
l
The OMU board functions as the first-level center of the entire BSC6900 loading
management process. The loading and power-on of the OMU are independent of other
boards. The OMU board processes the loading control requests of other boards.
The active SCU board functions as the second-level center of the loading management
process. If the OMU board cannot be detected, the active SCU board in a subrack processes
the loading control requests from other boards in the same subrack. If the SCU boards in
an extension subrack are not started, the active SCU board in the basic subrack processes
the loading control requests from the boards in the extension subrack.
2.5.8 BSC6900 Upgrade Management

Upgrade management involves managing the procedures for upgrading the software and patches
of the OMU and host boards.
Concepts
Table 2-3 describes the OMU-related concepts.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

25
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Table 2-3 OMU-related Concepts

Concept
Description
Active
and
standby
workspac
es
The active and standby workspaces are used to store files of different versions
on the OMU.
Relations
hip
between
the active
and
standby
workspac
es
l The relationship between the active and standby workspaces is relative. The
active/standby relationship is determined by the location where the running
version files are stored. The workspace that stores the running version files is
referred to as the active workspace, and the other workspace is referred to as
the standby workspace.
Relations
hip
between
the active
and
standby
workspac
es of the
active
and
standby
OMUs
The active and standby workspaces of the active OMU map onto those of the
standby OMU. The files stored in the active workspaces can be automatically
synchronized in real time between the active and standby OMUs, while the files
stored in the standby workspaces must be synchronized manually between the
active and standby OMUs.
Host
boards
Host boards refer to all the boards except the OMU.
l In the OMU, the active and standby workspaces are independent from each
other. The running of the active workspace does not change any information
stored in the standby workspace.
Table 2-4 describes the concept of version and patch and their respective upgrade and rollback.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

26
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Table 2-4 Concept of Version and Patch and their Respective Upgrade and Rollback
Concept
Description
Version
l A version refers to a set of features for a product or solution within a specific

period of time, including the first production/solution delivery or subsequent
product/solution delivery after an upgrade. A product/solution may have
multiple versions.
l A version No. (VxxxRxxxCxx) consists of three parts: Vxxx, Rxxx, and Cxx.
Therefore, you can also refer to a version as a VRC version. The first version
No. is Vx00R0xxC0x, such as V900R017C10.
The Vxxx part is called the V version and starts from 100, with increments
of 100.
The Rxxx part is called the R version and starts from 001, with increments
of 1.
The Cxx part is called the C version and starts from 00, with increments
of 1.
Patch
l A patch refers to a version delivered after the first delivery version. The patch
No. is SPyABC, where SP stands for Service Pack. For example, the first
patch No. after V900R017C10 is V900R017C10SPC100.
l If y is C, the patch is a cold patch. If y is H, the patch is a hot patch. SPH and
SPC are numbered separately. ABC refers to the SP patch serial number. It
ranges from 001 to 999, with increments of 1.
Version
upgrade
Version upgrades consist of two types:

l Upgrade from one VRC version to another VRC version
l Upgrade within the same VRC version but the source version and target
version use different A values (no requirements for B and C values)
NOTE
An upgrade within the same VRC version is referred to as a patch upgrade if the source
version and target version use the same A value but different B and C values.
The upgrade interrupts services and operation and maintenance. Therefore,

service experience is adversely affected.
Version
rollback
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Perform a version rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade version to
the pre-upgrade version after a version upgrade. The rollback interrupts ongoing
services and operation and maintenance. Therefore, service experience is
adversely affected.

27
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Concept
Description
Cold
patch
upgrade
l For example, an upgrade from V900R017C10SPH501 to

V900R017C10SPC510 is a cold patch upgrade. The upgrade interrupts
services and operation and maintenance. Therefore, service experience is
adversely affected.
l Cold patches consist of OMU patches and cold patches of host boards.
NOTE
l The OMU software supports only a cold patch upgrade.
l V900R017C10SPC500 must be upgraded to the immediate version
V900R017C10SPC510, which is a cold patch, before being upgraded to
V900R017C10SPH511. Therefore, an upgrade from V900R017C10SPC500 to
V900R017C10SPH511 is referred to as a cold patch upgrade.
Cold
patch
rollback
Perform a cold patch rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade patch to
the pre-upgrade patch after a cold patch upgrade. For example, a rollback from
V900R017C10SPC510 to V900R017C10SPH501 is a cold patch rollback. The
rollback interrupts ongoing services and operation and maintenance. Therefore,
service experience is adversely affected.
NOTE
V900R017C10SPH511 must be rolled back to the immediate version
V900R017C10SPC510, which is a cold patch, before being rolled back to
V900R017C10SPC500. Therefore, a rollback from V900R017C10SPH511 to
V900R017C10SPC500 is referred to as a cold patch rollback.
Hot patch l For example, an upgrade from V900R017C10SPC510 to

upgrade
V900R017C10SPH511 is a hot patch upgrade. The upgrade interrupts O&M
but not ongoing services. Therefore, service experience is not affected.
l Hot patches consist of OMU patches and hot patches of host boards.
NOTE
The OMU software supports only a cold patch upgrade.
Hot patch Perform a hot patch rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade patch to
rollback
the pre-upgrade patch after a hot patch upgrade. For example, a rollback from
V900R017C10SPH511 to V900R017C10PC510 is a hot patch rollback. The
rollback interrupts O&M but not ongoing services. Therefore, service experience
is not affected.
NOTE
To perform a rollback to a hot patch, for example, a rollback from V900R017C10SPH500
to V900R017C10SPH201, first perform a rollback to the cold patch V900R017C10SPC200
and then an upgrade to the hot patch V900R017C10SPH201.
Upgrade Method
You can use the dedicated upgrade tool to remotely upgrade the BSC6900 through its O&M
network. For details about how to use the upgrade tool, see the corresponding upgrade guide.
To obtain the upgrade guide and the required installation package, contact Huawei engineers.
Save the required installation package to the root directory of a drive (for example, drive D) on
the PC.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

28
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
The following sections describe version upgrade/rollback, hot patch upgrade/rollback, and cold
patch upgrade/rollback.
Version Upgrade Process

Figure 2-18 shows the process of a version upgrade.
Figure 2-18 Version upgrade process
1.
Start the upgrade tool and upload the target software package to the OMU. The detailed
procedure is as follows:
a.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Start the upgrade client on the PC.

29
BSC6900 UMTS
2.
3.
2 Logical Structure
b.
Upload the target software package. The upgrade server of the active OMU uses the
FTP server to upload the target software package to the specified directory of the active
OMU. The target software package includes the upgrade server and upgrade version
files, which contain programs, data, and patch packages.
c.
The upgrade client on the PC starts the upgrade server of the active OMU and then
sets up a connection between them.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU synchronizes the target software packages to
the specified directory of the standby OMU.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU starts the upgrade server of the standby OMU
and then sets up a connection between them.
Perform a pre-upgrade to update OMU-related programs and data in the standby

workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. The detailed procedure is as follows:
a.
Perform a pre-upgrade.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs perform an environment check
on their respective OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs update OMU-related programs
in the standby workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the related host
programs in the specified directory to the standby workspaces of their respective
OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU upgrades data in the standby workspaces of
the active OMU. After the data is upgraded, the upgrade server synchronizes the data
to the standby workspaces of the standby OMU.
e.
Optional: If the upgrade version files include the cold patch package, the upgrade
servers of the active and standby OMUs install the cold patch package to the standby
workspaces of their respective OMUs.
Perform a version upgrade. Firstly load the programs and data files to host boards. Then
switch over the active and standby workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then resets
the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use the target version. The detailed
procedure is as follows:
a.
Perform a version upgrade.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an SYN BRDAREA command to load
the programs and data files in the standby workspace of the active OMU to host boards.
c.
Switch over the active and standby workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. The
upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs issue an SWP OMUAREA
command to switch over the active and standby workspaces of their respective OMUs.
After the switchovers, the active workspaces of the two OMUs use the target version.
d.
Restart the host system. The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RST BSC
command to reset the standby host boards.
After the reset, the standby host boards load the local version that is consistent with
the OMU version, that is, the standby host boards start from the target version
programs and data files.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the active host boards after detecting
that the standby host boards have started.
After the active host boards reset, the original standby host boards become active, and
the original active host boards become standby and load the local version that is
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

30
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
consistent with the OMU version, that is, the original active host boards start from the
target version programs and data files.
f.
4.
Optional: If the host boards have hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade server
of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot patch
packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the upgrade
report.
Version Rollback Process

1.
Start the upgrade tool by performing a, c, d and e in 1 of Version Upgrade Process.
2.
Perform a version rollback. Firstly switch over the active and standby workspaces of the
active and standby OMUs. Then resets the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use
the pre-upgrade version. The detailed procedure is as follows:
a.
Perform a version rollback.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs issue an SWP OMUAREA
command to switch over the active and standby workspaces of their respective OMUs.
After the switchovers, the active and standby workspaces of the two OMUs use the
pre-upgrade version.
c.
Reset host boards. The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RST BSC
command to reset the host boards.
After the resets, the host boards load the local version that is consistent with the OMU
version, that is, the host boards start from the pre-upgrade programs and data files.
3.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the status of host boards.
e.
Optional: If the pre-upgrade version has hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade
server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot
patch packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the rollback
report.
Cold Patch Upgrade Process

Figure 2-19 shows the process of a cold patch upgrade.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

31
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
Figure 2-19 Cold patch upgrade process
1.
Start the upgrade tool by performing 1 of Version Upgrade Process.
2.
Perform a cold patch upgrade. Firstly update OMU-related programs and data in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then load the programs and data files to host
boards. At last, resets the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use the target version.
The detailed procedure is as follows:
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
a.
Perform a cold patch upgrade.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU performs a pre-upgrade check and backs up
the OMU software and host board software for the active workspaces of the OMU.

32
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs upgrade OMU-related programs
in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the related host programs
in the specified directory to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to load the host programs
and data files in the active workspaces of the active OMU to the standby workspaces
of host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the standby host boards on which a cold
patch upgrade is to be executed.
After the reset, the standby host boards load the local version that is consistent with
the OMU version, that is, the standby host boards start from the target version
programs and data files.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the active host boards on which a cold
patch upgrade is to be executed after detecting that the standby host boards have
started.
After the active host boards reset, the original standby host boards become active, and
the original active host boards become standby and load the local version that is
consistent with the OMU version, that is, the original active host boards start from the
target version programs and data files.
g.
3.
Optional: If the host boards have hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade server
of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot patch
packages to the OMU and then install them.
report.
Cold Patch Rollback Process

1.
Start the upgrade tool by performing a, c, d and e in 1 of Version Upgrade Process.
2.
Perform a cold patch rollback. Firstly install pre-upgrade OMU programs and data in the
active workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then resets the host boards. After the
resets, the host boards use the old version. The detailed procedure is as follows:
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
a.
Perform a cold patch rollback.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs restore OMU software and host
board software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs, that is, the upgrade
servers copy the pre-upgrade OMU software and host board software in the backup
files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs install the pre-upgrade OMU
software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the pre-upgrade
host programs in the backup files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to load the data files in the
active workspaces of the active OMU to the standby workspaces of host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the host boards on which cold patches
have been installed. After the resets, the host boards switch over the active and standby
workspaces. Then, the host boards load the version that is consistent with the OMU
version, that is, the host boards start from the pre-upgrade programs and data.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the status of host boards.

33
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
g.
3.
Optional: If the pre-upgrade version has hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade
server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot
patch packages to the OMU and then install them.
report.
Hot Patch Upgrade Process

Figure 2-20 shows the process of a hot patch upgrade.
Figure 2-20 Hot patch upgrade process
1.
Start the upgrade tool by performing 1 of Version Upgrade Process.
2.
Perform a hot patch upgrade. Firstly update OMU-related programs in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then delete the source hot patch package for
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

34
BSC6900 UMTS
2 Logical Structure
host boards, and then installs the target hot patch package. The detailed procedure is as
follows:
3.
a.
Perform a hot patch upgrade.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU performs a pre-upgrade check and backs up
the OMU software and host board software for the active workspace of the active
OMU.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs upgrade OMU-related programs
in the active workspace of their respective OMUs and copy the related host programs
in the specified directory to the active workspace of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RMV PATCH command to delete
the source hot patch package for host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to
decompress the target hot patch packages for host boards to the OMU and then install
them.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the hot patch No. and status of host
boards.
report.
Hot Patch Rollback Process

1.
Start the upgrade tool by performing a, c, d, and e in 1 of Version Upgrade Process.
2.
Perform a hot patch rollback. Firstly install pre-upgrade OMU software in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then deletes the hot patch package for host
boards. The detailed procedure is as follows:
3.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
a.
Perform a hot patch rollback.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs restore OMU software and host
board software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs, that is, the upgrade
servers copy the pre-upgrade OMU software and host board software in the backup
files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs install pre-upgrade OMU
software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the pre-upgrade
host programs in the backup files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RMV PATCH command to delete
the hot patch package for host boards.
e.
Optional: If the pre-upgrade version has hot patch packages to upgrade:

a.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to
decompress the pre-upgrade hot patch packages for host boards to the OMU and
then install them.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the hot patch No. and status of
host boards.
report.

35
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
Signal Flow
About This Chapter

The BSC6900 signal flow consists of the user-plane signal flow, control-plane signaling flow,
and O&M signal flow.
NOTE
See WCDMA RAN Controller Resource Sharing Feature Parameter Description to get more information.
Definitions
l
User plane
User plane refers to the set of BSC6900 logical function units used for processing service
data, including voice data and packet data.
Control plane
Control plane refers to the set of BSC6900 logical function units used for processing control
signaling, including the call control signaling and the connection control signaling.
3.1 User-Plane Signal Flow

The user plane of the BSC6900 processes user-plane messages over each interface.
3.2 Control-Plane Signaling Flow
The control plane of the BSC6900 processes the control-plane messages over each interface.
3.3 O&M Signal Flow
O&M signal flow refers to the messages transmitted between the BSC6900 and the LMT or
U2000. The LMT or U2000 maintains and monitors the BSC6900 in real time through the O&M
signal flow.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

36
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
3.1 User-Plane Signal Flow

The user plane of the BSC6900 processes user-plane messages over each interface.
3.1.1 UMTS Signal Flow Between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS

The UMTS signal flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS refers to the data transmitted between the
BSC6900 and the MSC/SGSN.
The data flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS is classified into the following types:
l
Intra-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS
Inter-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS

NOTE
Intra-BSC6900 Data Flow Between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS

If the BSC6900 that receives the data from the Iub interface sends the data directly to the MSC/
SGSN over the Iu-CS/Iu-PS interface, the data flow is called an intra-BSC6900 data flow
between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS. Figure 3-1 shows the intra-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and
Iu-CS/Iu-PS.
Figure 3-1 Intra-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
l The boards shown in the figure are only examples.
The signal flow in the uplink is as follows:

Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

37
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
1.
The NodeB processes the data and then sends it to the Iub interface board of BSC6900 over
the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the data and sends it to the DPUb board in the same
subrack. See signal flow 1 in Figure 3-1.
If the DPUb board that processes the data and the Iub interface board that receives the data
are installed in different subracks, the data is switched by the MPS. The MPS then sends
the data to the target DPUb board. See signal flow 2 in Figure 3-1.
3.
The DPUb board processes the data according to the FP, MDC, MAC, RLC, and Iu UP/
PDCP/GTP-U protocols, separates CS user-plane data from PS user-plane data, and then
sends the data to the Iu-CS and Iu-PS interface boards, respectively.
4.
The Iu-CS/Iu-PS interface board processes the data and then sends it to the MSC/SGSN.
The downlink signal flow is the reverse of the uplink signal flow.
Inter-BSC6900 Data Flow Between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS

If the BSC6900 that receives the data from the Iub interface sends the data to the MSC/SGSN
through another BSC6900, the data flow is called an inter-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and
Iu-CS/Iu-PS.
Figure 3-2 shows the data flow between BSC6900-1 and BSC6900-2.
Figure 3-2 Inter-BSC6900 data flow between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS
NOTE
by the SCU boards.
The signal flow in the uplink is as follows:

1.
The NodeB processes the data and then sends it to the Iub interface board of BSC6900-1
over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board and DPUb board of BSC6900-1 process the data and then send it
to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1.
NOTE
The DPUb board of BSC6900-1 processes the data according to only the FP and MDC protocols.
3.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-1 processes the data and then sends it to the Iur
interface board of BSC6900-2 over the Iur interface between BSC6900-1 and BSC6900-2.
38
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
4.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 processes the data and then sends it to the DPUb
board.
5.
The DPUb board processes the data, separates CS user-plane data from PS user-plane data,
and then sends the data to the Iu-CS and Iu-PS interface boards, respectively.
6.
The Iu-CS/Iu-PS interface board processes the data and then sends it to the MSC/SGSN.
The downlink signal flow is the reverse of the uplink signal flow.
3.1.2 CBC Signal Flow

The data from the Iu-BC interface to the Iub interface refers to the cell broadcast center (CBC)
signal flow.
NOTE
Figure 3-3 shows the signal flow from the Iu-BC interface to the Iub interface.
Figure 3-3 Signal flow from Iu-BC to Iub
NOTE
The signal flow is as follows:

1.
The CBC broadcasts data to the Iu-BC interface board of the BSC6900 over the Iu-BC
interface.
2.
The Iu-BC interface board processes the data and then sends it to the SPUa board.
3.
The SPUa board processes the data according to the Service Area Broadcast Protocol
(SABP) and then sends the data to the target DPUb board. See signal flow 1 in Figure
3-3.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

39
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
If the SPUa board cannot process the data, the data travels to the MPS for switching. The
MPS then sends the data to the target SPUa board, which processes the data according to
the SABP. Then, the SPUa board sends the data to the DPUb board. See signal flow 2 in
Figure 3-3.
4.
The DPUb board processes the data according to the BMC, RLC, and MAC protocols and
then sends the data to the Iub interface board.
5.
The Iub interface board processes the data and then sends it to the NodeB.
6.
The NodeB broadcasts the data to the UEs in the cells it serves.
3.2 Control-Plane Signaling Flow

The control plane of the BSC6900 processes the control-plane messages over each interface.
3.2.1 Signaling Flow on the Uu Interface

The signaling flow on the Uu interface refers to the control-plane messages (RRC messages)
transmitted between the BSC6900 and a UE when the UE accesses the network or communicates
with the BSC6900. The RRC messages are used in UE activities, such as location updates and
call setup.
NOTE
Intra-BSC6900 Signaling Flow on the Uu Interface

Figure 3-4 shows the signaling flow on the Uu interface when one BSC6900 performs radio
resource management and provides radio links for the UE. See signaling flows 1 and 2 in the
figure.
Figure 3-4 Intra-BSC6900 signaling flow on the Uu interface
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

40
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
NOTE
by the SCU boards.
l As shown in the figure, the cross symbol in the MPS indicates the switching unit in the MPS.
The signaling flow in the uplink is as follows:

1.
The RRC messages from the UE are processed at the physical layer of the NodeB and are
then sent to the Iub interface board of the BSC6900 over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the DPUb board.
See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-4.
If the SPU board that processes the RRC messages and the Iub interface board that receives
the RRC messages are installed in different subracks, the messages travel to the MPS for
switching. The MPS then sends the messages to the target DPUb board. See signaling flow
2 in Figure 3-4.
3.
The DPUb board processes the messages according to the FP, MDC, MAC, and RLC
protocols and then sends the messages to the target SPU board where the messages are
terminated.
The downlink signaling flow is the reverse of the uplink signaling flow.
Inter-BSC6900 Signaling Flow on the Uu Interface

Figure 3-5 shows the signaling flow on the Uu interface when BSC6900-1 performs radio
resource management and BSC6900-2 provides radio links for the UE.
Figure 3-5 Inter-BSC6900 signaling flow on the Uu interface
NOTE
by the SCU boards.

1.
The RRC messages from the UE are processed at the physical layer of the NodeB and are
then sent to the Iub interface board of BSC6900-1 over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board and the DPUb board of BSC6900-1 process the messages and then
send them to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

41
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
NOTE
When the UE performs a cell update across the Iur interface, the RRC messages travel to the Iur interface
board of BSC6900-1 through the SPU board of BSC6900-1. In any other case, RRC messages travel to
the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1, without passing the SPU board of the BSC6900-1.
3.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-1 processes the RRC messages and then sends them
to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 over the Iur interface between BSC6900-1 and
BSC6900-2.
4.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 processes the messages and then sends them to the
DPUb board.
5.
The DPUb board processes the messages according to the FP, MDC, MAC, and RLC
protocols and then sends the messages to the target SPU board where the messages are
terminated.
3.2.2 Signaling Flow on the Iub Interface

The signaling flow on the Iub interface refers to the control-plane messages transmitted between
the BSC6900 and the NodeB.
NOTE
Figure 3-6 shows the signaling flow on the Iub interface.

Figure 3-6 Signaling flow on the Iub interface
NOTE
by the SCU boards.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

42
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow

1.
The NodeB transmits control-plane messages to the Iub interface board of the BSC6900
over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the SPU board
where the messages are terminated. See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-6.
If the SPU board that processes the messages and the Iub interface board that receives the
messages are installed in different subracks, the messages travel to the MPS for switching.
The MPS then sends the messages to the target SPU board. See signaling flow 2 in Figure
3-6.
3.2.3 Signaling Flow on the Iu/Iur Interface

The signaling flow on the Iu interface refers to the control-plane messages transmitted between
the BSC6900 and the MSC/SGSN, and the signaling flow on the Iur interface refers to the
control-plane messages transmitted between one BSC6900 and another BSC6900.
NOTE
Figure 3-7 shows the signaling flow on the Iu/Iur interface. See signaling flows 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 3-7 Signaling flow on the Iu/Iur interface
NOTE
by the SCU boards.
The signaling flow in the downlink is as follows:

1.
The MSC or SGSN sends control-plane messages to the Iu interface board of the
BSC6900 over the Iu interface, or another BSC6900 sends control-plane messages to the
Iur interface board of the local BSC6900 over the Iur interface.
2.
The Iu/Iur interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the SPUa board
in the same subrack for processing. See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-7.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

43
BSC6900 UMTS
3 Signal Flow
If the SPUa board in the same subrack as the Iu/Iur interface board cannot process the
messages, the messages are switched by the MPS to the SPUa board in another subrack.
See signaling flow 2 in Figure 3-7.
After being processed by the Iu/Iur interface board, the messages are directly switched by
the MPS to the SPUa board in another subrack. See signaling flow 3 in Figure 3-7.
The uplink signaling flow is the reverse of the downlink signaling flow.
3.3 O&M Signal Flow

O&M signal flow refers to the messages transmitted between the BSC6900 and the LMT or
U2000. The LMT or U2000 maintains and monitors the BSC6900 in real time through the O&M
signal flow.
Figure 3-8 shows the O&M signal flow of the BSC6900.
Figure 3-8 O&M signal flow
As shown in Figure 3-8, the O&M signal flow in the BSC6900 is as follows:
l
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
O&M signal flow in the MPS

1.
The O&M signal is transmitted from the LMT or U2000 to the OMUa board.
2.
After being processed by the OMUa board, the O&M signal is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane.
3.
The SCUa board then transmits the O&M signal to the service boards that require
maintenance.
O&M signal flow in the EPS

1.
The O&M signal is transmitted from the LMT or U2000 to the OMUa board.
2.
After being processed by the OMUa board, the O&M signal is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane.
44
BSC6900 UMTS
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
3 Signal Flow
3.
The SCUa board in the MPS transmits the O&M signal to the SCUa board in the EPS
through the crossover cable between the SCUa boards.
4.
The SCUa board transmits the O&M signal to the service boards to be maintained in
the EPS.

45
BSC6900 UMTS
Transmission and Networking
About This Chapter

The transmission and networking between the BSC6900 and other NEs can be classified into
the following types: transmission and networking on the Iub interface and on the Iu/Iur
interface.
4.1 Transmission and Networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p Interface
Multiple transmission and networking modes, consisting of ATM-based networking on the Iu/
Iur interface and IP-based networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p interface, can be used between the
BSC6900 and the CN or another BSC6900.
4.2 Transmission and Networking on the Iub Interface
Multiple transmission and networking modes, consisting of ATM-based networking on the Iub
interface, IP-based networking on the Iub interface, and the ATM/IP dual-stack networking on
the Iub interface, can be used between the BSC6900 and the base station.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

46
BSC6900 UMTS
4.1 Transmission and Networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p

Interface
Multiple transmission and networking modes, consisting of ATM-based networking on the Iu/
Iur interface and IP-based networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p interface, can be used between the
BSC6900 and the CN or another BSC6900.
4.1.1 ATM-based Networking on the Iu/Iur Interface

In ATM-based networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the CN or another
BSC6900 through the SDH or ATM network.
SDH-based Networking with MSP Backup Between Optical Ports

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 uses UOIa/UOIc as the Iu/Iur interface board and
provides unchannelized STM-1 optical ports, as shown in Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-1 SDH-based networking with MSP backup between optical ports
In this networking mode, each Iu or Iur interface requires a pair of STM-1 optical cables for
MSP 1+1 (1+1 Unidirectional Protection Switching or 1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching)
or MSP 1:1 backup. In some cases rather than direct connection between the BSC6900 and the
MSC or SGSN, the section-specific MSP backup on the BSC6900 protects only the optical
channels between the BSC6900 and the ADM, instead of all the optical channels between the
BSC6900 and the MSC or SGSN.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

47
BSC6900 UMTS
SDH-based Networking with Load Sharing Between Optical Ports

Figure 4-2 SDH-based networking with load sharing between optical ports
In this networking mode, the two UOIa/UOIc boards for the Iu or Iur interface are not configured
in backup mode. The Iu/Iur control-plane and user-plane PVCs are shared between two optical
ports on different UOIa/UOIc boards. Therefore, the two optical ports share the load. If one
optical port is faulty, it is isolated and the services carried on it are interrupted. Then, the
transmission capacity of the Iu or Iur interface reduces by half.
SDH-based Networking with STM-1 Shared Between Iu and Iur

Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

48
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-3 SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur
Generally, the traffic on the Iur interface is light. Therefore, when the BSC6900 has a number
of Iur interfaces where the traffic is light, the Iu and Iur interfaces can share an STM-1
transmission resource, and then the MGW separates the Iu PVC from the Iur PVC by using VC
or VP switching.
ATM-based Networking
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

49
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-4 ATM-based networking
In this networking mode, each Iu or Iur interface requires a pair of STM-1 optical cables for
MSP 1+1 (1+1 Unidirectional Protection Switching or 1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching)
or MSP 1:1 backup. In some cases rather than direct connection between the BSC6900 and the
MSC or SGSN, the section-specific MSP backup on the BSC6900 protects only the optical
channels between the BSC6900 and the ATM switch instead of all the optical channels between
the BSC6900 and the MSC or SGSN.
NOTE
l STM-1 sharing between the Iu and Iur interfaces is applicable to the ATM-based networking. In this
case, the Iu and Iur interfaces share a pair of STM-1 optical cables to transmit data before the ATM
switch separates the Iu PVC from the Iur PVC by using VC or VP switching.
l Load sharing is also applicable to the ATM-based networking. This networking mode is similar to the
SDH-based networking with load sharing between optical ports.
Characteristics of Networking Modes

Advantages:
l
SDH-based networking with MSP backup between optical ports

This networking mode provides the transmission backup function to guarantee high
transmission reliability.
SDH-based networking with load sharing between optical ports

This networking mode saves the optical ports and optical fibers between the BSC6900 and
the ADM, thereby increasing the usage efficiency of optical ports and optical fiber.
l
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur

50
BSC6900 UMTS
In the case of a large number of Iur interfaces, the demand for transmission resources is
high and the resource usage efficiency is low if each Iur interface occupies one STM-1 port.
The SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur helps save SDH
transmission resources.
l
ATM-based networking
The Iu and Iur interfaces can share a port or board for data transmission, thereby saving
the transmission resources and increasing the resource usage efficiency.
Disadvantages:
l
SDH-based networking with MSP backup between optical ports

For transmission backup, this networking mode requires double optical ports and cable
resources.
SDH-based networking with load sharing between optical ports

This networking mode does not provide transmission backup, thereby reducing the
transmission reliability. If an optical port or optical fiber is faulty, the services carried on
the faulty part are interrupted.
SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur

This networking mode requires VC/VP switching at the MGW, thereby increasing the load
of the MGW.
ATM-based networking
The market share of ATM networks decreases as the ATM equipment is expensive.
Building additional ATM networks for Iu and Iur transmission is not recommended.
4.1.2 IP-based Networking on the Iu/Iur/Iur-p Interface

In IP-based networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the CN or another BSC6900
through the IP network. In addition, the BSC6900 can use FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/GOUc/GOUe as
the Iu/Iur/Iur-p interface board to provide FE/GE ports.
NOTE
l The IP-based networking on the Iu/Iur interface of BSC6900 supports the IP PATH mode or transmission
pool mode.
l When the BSC6900 works in IP PATH mode, IP paths and static IP routes must be configured.
l A transmission resource pool is formed by multiple interface boards on the BSC6900 side. The IP
addresses for these boards form an IP address pool. Any peer NE, for example, a NodeB, NRNC, MGW,
SGSN, or GGSN, can be connected to any interface board in the transmission resource pool. When a
call needs to be set up, the BSC6900 selects an IP address from the IP address pool for the call in a way
that ensures load balancing. In this mode, no IP path needs to be configured. For details about the RNC
transmission pool, see Transmission Resource Pool in RNC Feature Parameter Description.
l For details about board reliability concepts (for example, active/standby mode in a trunk group or load
sharing mode in a trunk group), see Reliability.
l If the BSC6900 is far from the provider edge (PE), the GE optical ports of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
are required. If the distance between the BSC6900 and the PE is within 100 m, you can use the GE/FE
electrical ports of the FG2a/FG2c board.
l The networking is typical networking.
Dual-Homing Layer 3 Networking

l
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Independent interface boards and link aggregation group (LAG) with load sharing
implemented among ports on a board
51
BSC6900 UMTS
In this networking mode, the FE/GE board of the BSC6900 works in the independent mode.
The independent ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-5
shows dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with load
sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-5 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
load sharing implemented among ports on a board)
To avoid call dropping caused by faulty ports, you are advised to use two or more ports on
an interface board to form a LAG.
l
Active/standby interface boards and active/standby ports/active/standby LAGs

In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in backup mode. The active and
standby ports/ LAG ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Complying
with the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), the two PEs provide redundancybased protection for the data received from the BSC6900. One PE connects to the other PE
through multiple GE ports. LAG is applied to the interconnection links between the PEs to
increase the bandwidth and improve the reliability of the links. The active/standby ports/
LAG ports of the BSC6900 share one IP address. Figure 4-6 shows dual-homing layer 3
networking (active/standby interface boards and active/standby ports/active/standby
LAG).
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

52
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-6 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG)
Active/standby interface boards and independent ports

In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in backup mode. The independent
ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-7 shows dual-homing
layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and independent ports).
Figure 4-7 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (Active/standby interface boards and
independent ports)
Single-Homing Layer 3 Networking

l
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

53
BSC6900 UMTS
In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in the active/standby mode. Ports
can be configured in active/standby trunking mode. The active/standby ports/ LAG ports
connect to the PE which then connects to the IP network. The active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 share one IP address. On the PE side, the active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 are in one VLAN and share the IP address of one VLAN port. Figure
4-8 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG).
Figure 4-8 Single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
Independent interface boards and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a
board
In this networking mode, BSC6900 boards work in independent mode. The FE/GE ports
work in load sharing trunking mode and connect to the PE which then connects to the IP
network. Figure 4-9 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board
and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

54
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-9 Single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
Direct Connection with Load Sharing

When the BSC6900 and the MGW, SGSN, or another BSC6900 are located in the same
equipment room, direct connection through FE/GE ports is applicable to the Iu/Iur/Iur-p
interface. This networking mode does not require additional bearer network or transmission
equipment. The interface boards can work in board backup mode (not in port backup mode),
that is, these boards work in the load sharing mode to carry services. Figure 4-10 shows the
direct connection with load sharing.
Figure 4-10 Direct connection with load sharing

Advantages:
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

55
BSC6900 UMTS
Dual-homing layer 3 networking

This networking mode provides backup-based protection not only for FE/GE links but also
for PE devices.
Single-homing layer 3 networking

This networking mode provides backup-based protection for FE/GE links. The single PE
saves networking cost.
Direct connection with load sharing

This networking mode does not require any LAN switch or router, thereby featuring low
networking cost and high transmission reliability.
Disadvantages:
l

The dual PEs require high networking costs.

The single PE cannot provide PE-level protection.
Direct connection with load sharing

This networking mode does not provide backup for data transmission. A port failure will
lead to the decrease of transmission capacity.
4.2 Transmission and Networking on the Iub Interface

Multiple transmission and networking modes, consisting of ATM-based networking on the Iub
interface, IP-based networking on the Iub interface, and the ATM/IP dual-stack networking on
the Iub interface, can be used between the BSC6900 and the base station.
4.2.1 ATM-based Networking on the Iub Interface

In ATM-based networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the base station through the
SDH/PDH/ATM network.
ATM over E1/STM-1 Networking (Transparent TDM Transmission)

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 uses AEUa/AOUa/AOUc as the Iub interface board. The
AEUa board provides E1/T1 ports, and the AOUa/AOUc board provides channelized STM-1
ports. The AOUa/AOUc boards work in active/standby mode or their ports work in MSP 1+1
(1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching) or MSP 1:1 backup mode. Figure 4-11 shows the ATM
over E1/STM-1 networking (transparent TDM transmission).
Figure 4-11 ATM over E1/STM-1 networking (transparent TDM transmission)
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

56
BSC6900 UMTS
ATM over E1 Networking (ATM Transmission Convergence)

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 uses AEUa/AOUa/AOUc as the Iub interface board. The
AEUa board provides E1/T1 ports, and the AOUa/AOUc board provides channelized STM-1
ports. The AOUa/AOUc boards work in active/standby mode or their ports work in MSP 1+1
(1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching) or MSP 1:1 backup mode. Figure 4-12 shows the ATM
over E1 networking (ATM transmission convergence).
Figure 4-12 ATM over E1 networking (ATM transmission convergence)
The E1/T1 signals from multiple base stations are converged at the ATM switch and then are
transmitted to the BSC6900 through the SDH/PDH network.
ATM over STM-1 Networking (ATM Transmission Convergence)

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 uses UOIa/UOIc as the Iub interface board and provides
unchannelized STM-1 ports. The UOIa/UOIc boards work in active/standby mode or their ports
work in MSP 1+1 or MSP 1:1 backup mode. Figure 4-13 shows the ATM over STM-1
networking (ATM transmission convergence).
Figure 4-13 ATM over STM-1 networking (ATM transmission convergence)
The E1/T1 signals from multiple base stations are converged onto one STM-1 channel at the
ATM switch and are then transmitted to the ATM switch in the BSC6900 equipment room
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

57
BSC6900 UMTS
through the SDH/PDH network. Then, the E1 links are converged by the ATM switch and
transmitted to the BSC6900.

Advantages: This networking mode is mature, QoS-assured, secure, and reliable. Telecom
operators can fully utilize existing SDH, PDH, or ATM transmission resources.
The advantages of each type of networking are as follows:
l
ATM over E1/STM-1 networking (transparent TDM transmission)

This networking mode is simple and applies to small-scale networks.
ATM over E1 networking (ATM transmission convergence)

The BSC6900 requires simple cable connections, offers convenient installation and
maintenance, and supports MSP 1:1 backup mode. Compared with the ATM over E1
networking (transparent TDM transmission), this networking mode saves transmission
resources and features high reliability.
ATM over STM-1 Networking (ATM transmission convergence)

The BSC6900 requires simple cable connections, offers convenient installation and
maintenance, and supports MSP 1+1 or MSP 1:1 backup mode. This networking mode can
converge the E1/T1 traffic from multiple base stations onto one STM-1 channel, thereby
enabling statistical multiplexing, obtaining convergence gain, saving transmission
resources, and providing high reliability. It applies to the network operators with mature
ATM technology.
Disadvantages: The ATM networking mode is more costly than the IP networking mode.
The ATM over E1/STM-1 networking (transparent TDM transmission) requires more E1 cables
and features complex cable connections. It does not support port backup or ATM multiplexing,
and therefore the bandwidth usage efficiency is low.
4.2.2 IP-based Networking on the Iub Interface

In IP-based networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the base station through the
SDH, PDH, MSTP, or data network. In addition, the BSC6900 can use FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/
GOUc/GOUe as the Iub interface board to provide FE/GE ports.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

58
BSC6900 UMTS

NOTE
l The IP-based networking on the Iub interface of BSC6900 supports the IP PATH mode or transmission pool
mode.
l When the BSC6900 works in IP PATH mode, IP paths and static IP routes must be configured.
l A transmission resource pool is formed by multiple interface boards on the BSC6900 side. The IP
addresses for these boards form an IP address pool. Any peer NE, for example, a NodeB, NRNC, MGW,
SGSN, or GGSN, can be connected to any interface board in the transmission resource pool. When a
call needs to be set up, the BSC6900 selects an IP address from the IP address pool for the call in a way
that ensures load balancing. In this mode, no IP path needs to be configured. For details about the RNC
transmission pool, see Transmission Resource Pool in RNC Feature Parameter Description.
l For details about board reliability concepts (for example, active/standby mode in a trunk group or load
sharing mode in a trunk group), see Reliability.
l If the BSC6900 is far from the provider edge (PE), the GE optical ports of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
are required. If the distance between the BSC6900 and the PE is within 100 m, you can use the GE/FE
electrical ports of the FG2a/FG2c board.
l The networking is typical networking.
Dual-Homing Layer 3 Networking

l
Independent interface boards and link aggregation group (LAG) with load sharing
implemented among ports on a board
In this networking mode, the FE/GE board of the BSC6900 works in the independent mode.
The independent ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-14
shows dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with load
sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-14 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
To avoid call dropping caused by faulty ports, you are advised to use two or more ports on
an interface board to form a LAG.
l

In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in backup mode. The active and
standby ports/ LAG ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Complying
with the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), the two PEs provide redundancybased protection for the data received from the BSC6900. One PE connects to the other PE
through multiple GE ports. LAG is applied to the interconnection links between the PEs to
increase the bandwidth and improve the reliability of the links. The active/standby ports/
LAG ports of the BSC6900 share one IP address. Figure 4-15 shows dual-homing layer 3
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

59
BSC6900 UMTS
networking (active/standby interface boards and active/standby ports/active/standby

LAG).
Figure 4-15 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
Active/standby interface boards and independent ports

In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in backup mode. The independent
ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-16 shows dual-homing
layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and independent ports).
Figure 4-16 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (Active/standby interface boards and
independent ports)
Single-Homing Layer 3 Networking

l

In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in the active/standby mode. Ports
can be configured in active/standby trunking mode. The active/standby ports/ LAG ports
connect to the PE which then connects to the IP network. The active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 share one IP address. On the PE side, the active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 are in one VLAN and share the IP address of one VLAN port. Figure
4-17 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG).
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

60
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-17 Single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
Independent interface boards and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a
board
In this networking mode, BSC6900 boards work in independent mode. The FE/GE ports
work in load sharing trunking mode and connect to the PE which then connects to the IP
network. Figure 4-18 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface
board and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-18 Single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
IP over Ethernet Networking (Layer 2)

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the base station through the IP
network, and the data transmitted between them is processed by the switch according to the data
link layer protocol. Figure 4-19 shows the direct connection with load sharing.Figure 4-19
shows IP over Ethernet networking (layer 2).
Figure 4-19 IP over Ethernet networking (layer 2)
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

61
BSC6900 UMTS
Both the BSC6900 and the base station access the IP network through switches.
In IP over Ethernet (layer 2) networking mode, the Virtual LAN (VLAN) technology is used to
separate the BSC6900 from the base station in independent subnets. In this case, the BSC6900
and the base station are part of IP private networks, thereby ensuring the security of data
transmission.

Advantages:
l

This networking mode provides backup-based protection not only for FE/GE links but also
for PE devices.

This networking mode provides backup-based protection for FE/GE links. The single PE
saves networking cost.
Disadvantages:
l

The dual PEs require high networking costs.

The single PE cannot provide PE-level protection.
4.2.3 ATM/IP Dual-Stack Networking on the Iub Interface

In ATM/IP dual-stack networking mode, the BSC6900 communicates with the base station based
on the ATM/IP dual stack. The ATM/IP dual-stack Iub interface allows hybrid transport of
services that have different QoS requirements. High-QoS services, such as voice services,
streaming services, and signaling, are transmitted on the ATM network. Low-QoS services, such
as HSDPA and HSUPA services, are transmitted on the IP network.
Description of the Networking

In this networking mode, the BSC6900 is configured with both the ATM interface board and IP
interface board. Figure 4-20 shows the ATM/IP dual-stack networking on the Iub interface.
l
The ATM interface board is connected to the ATM network through the E1/T1/STM-1
port. For more information about ATM-based networking, see 4.2.1 ATM-based
Networking on the Iub Interface.
The IP interface board is connected to the IP network through the FE/GE port. For more
information about IP-based networking, see 4.2.2 IP-based Networking on the Iub
Interface.
The base station is connected to the ATM and IP networks through its ATM and IP interface
boards, respectively.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

62
BSC6900 UMTS
Figure 4-20 ATM/IP dual-stack networking on the Iub interface

Advantages:
l
The ATM network guarantees the QoS.
The IP network reduces the transmission cost and meets the requirement of high-speed data
services for high bandwidth on the Iub interface.
Disadvantages: The ATM/IP dual-stack networking requires maintenance of both ATM and IP
networks. This increases the difficulty in and the cost for network maintenance.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

63
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Reliability
About This Chapter

The BSC6900 guarantees its operation reliability using board redundancy and port redundancy.
Board Redundancy
l
Board backup
In the board backup mode, two boards work in active/standby mode, with one working as
the active board and the other working as the standby board. Services can be processed by
only the active board or both the active and standby boards. If the active board is faulty,
the BSC6900 automatically switches over the active and standby boards.
Board resource pool

A resource pool is an operating mode in which the resource nodes with the same
characteristics function as a resource pool. The resources in this pool are allocated and
managed according to the capabilities and status of each resource node.
When this mode is used, the system allocates services in the resource pool to corresponding
resource nodes and provides suitable service resources.
If a resource node becomes faulty, all services carried by the resource node are interrupted.
New services are not allocated to the resource node until it recovers and re-enters the
resource pool.
Port Redundancy
l
MSP 1:1 backup

In MSP 1:1 backup mode, the active optical port transmits and receives data. When the
active optical port is faulty, the standby optical port takes over the tasks from the active
optical port.
During an active/standby switchover of optical ports, transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3
seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted but service quality
deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being established or during handovers)
are interrupted.
l
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
MSP 1+1 backup

64
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
In MSP 1+1 backup mode, both the active and standby optical ports transmit data. However,
only the active optical port receives data. When the active optical port is faulty, the standby
optical port takes over the tasks from the active optical port.
During an active/standby switchover of optical ports, transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3
seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted but service quality
deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being established or during handovers)
are interrupted.
l
Port redundancy
Port redundancy can be configured on the basis of board redundancy. In port redundancy
mode, one port works in active mode, and the other port works in standby mode. If the
active port becomes faulty, the BSC performs an active/standby switchover, and the standby
port takes over services from the active port.
Port trunking
Port trunking enables multiple physical ports to be grouped into one logical port. This
technology improves the reliability of data transmission.
Trunk groups are used for transmission. A trunk group consists of multiple physical links.
If a physical link in the trunk group becomes faulty, the data carried on the faulty link is
transferred to other links in the trunk group. Therefore, the link failure does not interrupt
the communication between both ends of the trunk group.
The maximum traffic of the trunk group can reach the total traffic on all the physical links
in the trunk group. Port trunking improves transmission reliability and transmission
bandwidth.
Port load sharing

Port load sharing is an operating mode in which the data streams that have the same
destination are distributed to different physical ports so that the load is shared by these
ports.
Port load sharing applies to data services. Ports working in load sharing mode have
independent IP addresses and they can send data packets. If a port becomes faulty, the
system stops allocating data to this faulty port and the data carried on this port is transferred
to other ports.
Reliabilities of All Boards

Table 5-1 lists the reliabilities of all boards.
Table 5-1 Reliabilities of all boards
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Board
Backup Mode
AEUa
Board backup
AOUa/AOUc
Board backup + MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 optical

port redundancy
DPUb/DPUe
Board resource pool
FG2a/FG2c
Board backup + board resource pool + GE/FE

port redundancy or load sharing + Ethernet
port trunking
65
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Board
Backup Mode
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb
Board backup
GOUa/GOUc/GOUe
Board backup + board resource pool + GE

port redundancy or load sharing + Ethernet
port trunking
OMUa/OMUc
Board backup
PEUa/PEUc
Board backup
POUa/POUc

port redundancy
SAUa/SAUc
Independently configured
SCUa/SCUb
Board backup + port trunking on GE ports
SPUa/SPUb/SPUc
Board backup
NIUa
Board resource pool
UOIa/UOIc

port redundancy
5.1 Board Redundancy

BSC6900 board redundancy consists of board backup and board resource pool.
5.2 Port Redundancy
The types of port redundancy for the BSC6900 are as follows: STM-1 optical port backup,
Ethernet port load sharing, and Ethernet port trunking.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

66
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
5.1 Board Redundancy

BSC6900 board redundancy consists of board backup and board resource pool.
NOTE
BSC6900 interface boards have an effective mechanism for fault detection and automatic recovery. When the
BSC6900 detects that a certain proportion of resources of an interface board are unavailable for a specified
period of time, the BSC6900 resets the interface board. If the faulty board is the active one in a pair of active
and standby boards, the BSC6900 switches over the active and standby boards. For example,
l The BSC6900 resets an Iub interface board if a certain proportion of cells under the Iub interface board are
unavailable for a specified period of time because of a failure in Iub transmission links.
l The BSC6900 resets an Iub interface board under the following conditions: The RRC connection setup
success rate in a cell is lower than a predefined threshold because of a failure in Iub transmission links, the
proportion of such cells under the Iub interface board reaches a predefined cell threshold, the proportion of
NodeBs with such cells reaches a predefined NodeB threshold, and this situation persists for a specified
period of time.
l If a BSC6900 port detects any transmission fault, the BSC6900 reports an alarm instead of resetting the
interface board.
5.1.1 Backup of AEUa Boards

When two AEUa boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two boards
can be configured to work in active/standby backup mode.
When two AEUa boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that first starts
up is in the active state. The backup mode of the AEUa board is configurable when the ADD
BRD command is used to add an AEUa board.
The port on the active AEUa board is the active port, and the port on the standby AEUa board
is the standby port. A switchover of the active and standby boards leads to a switchover of the
active and standby ports, and a switchover of the active and standby ports leads to a switchover
of the active and standby boards.
Y-shaped E1/T1 cables are used to connect the active and standby boards to the peer equipment.
Only the E1/T1 ports on the active board are used to transmit, receive, and process data.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby AEUa boards, run the SWP BRD command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby AEUa boards can be automatically switched over only if any of the
following conditions is met:
l
The active AEUa board resets, but the standby AEUa board is working properly.
The active AEUa board is faulty, but the standby AEUa board is working properly.
The port on the active AEUa board is faulty, but the port on the standby AEUa board is
working properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

67
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Switchover Process
When the active and standby AEUa boards are switched over, the active AEUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the standby AEUa board becomes active.
Impact of Switchovers on the System

During an active/standby switchover of AEUa boards, transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3
seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality deteriorates
temporarily. Transient services (calls being established or during handovers) are interrupted.
5.1.2 Backup of AOUa/AOUc Boards

When two AOUa/AOUc boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two
boards can be configured to work in board backup mode or port backup mode.
When two AOUa/AOUc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state. The backup mode of the AOUa/AOUc board is configurable
when the ADD BRD command is used to add an AOUa/AOUc board. If Backup is set to
YES, both the AOUa/AOUc boards and their optical ports work in backup mode. Therefore, the
backup mode of the optical ports does not need to be configured again.
Services are processed by the board where the active port is located. Active ports may be located
on both the active and standby boards because the switchover between the optical ports on the
active and standby boards does not affect the active/standby relationship between the boards. In
that case, both the active and standby boards can process services.
Optical ports on AOUa/AOUc boards work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode. For details
about the backup of AOUa/AOUc optical ports, see 5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup. In
addition, the Y-shaped optical cable can be used to ensure the proper working of AOUa/AOUc
boards during the switchover of the active and standby optical ports.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
The active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
the following conditions is met:
l
The active AOUa/AOUc board resets, but the standby AOUa/AOUc board is working
properly.
The active AOUa/AOUc board is faulty, but the standby AOUa/AOUc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards are switched over, the active AOUa/AOUc
board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby AOUa/AOUc board becomes active.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

68
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
NOTE
After an active/standby switchover, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports according to the
policy defined by the MSP protocol.

During an active/standby switchover of AOUa/AOUc boards, transmission is interrupted for 1
to 3 seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality
deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being established or during handovers) are
interrupted.
5.1.3 Resource Pool of DEUa Boards

DEUa boards of the BSC6900 work in resource pool mode.
All the DEUa boards of the BSC6900 work as a resource pool. The BSC6900 schedules and
allocates resources for services among the DEUa boards based on the load of each board.
Impact of a Board Fault on the System

If a DEUa board becomes faulty, the seamless crystal voice and crystal voice in deep coverage
processing will be ineffective. This does not negatively affect voice services.
5.1.4 Backup of FG2a/FG2c Boards

When two FG2a/FG2c boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two
boards can be configured to work in one of the following two modes: board backup with no port
backup and board backup with port backup.
When two FG2a/FG2c boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state. The backup mode of the FG2a/FG2c board is configurable
when the ADD BRD command is used to add an FG2a/FG2c board. If Backup is set to YES
(YES), the backup mode of the FG2a/FG2c board is board backup with no port backup.
When the FG2a/FG2c boards are configured to work in board backup mode, you can run the
ADD ETHREDPORT command to set the backup mode of FE/GE ports. For details about the
backup mode of FE/GE ports, see 5.2.2 Ethernet Port Backup.
The FE/GE ports on the FG2a/FG2c boards can also be configured to work in Ethernet port load
sharing mode or Ethernet port trunking mode. For details about the Ethernet port load sharing
mode, see 5.2.3 Ethernet Port Load Sharing. For details about the Ethernet port trunking mode,
see 5.2.4 Ethernet Port Trunking.
Manual Switchover Modes

To manually switch over the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
Automatic Switchover Modes

The active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

69
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
The active FG2a/FG2c board resets, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board is working properly.
The active FG2a/FG2c board is faulty, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards are switched over, the active FG2a/FG2c board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby FG2a/FG2c board becomes active.
NOTE
If the FG2a/FG2c boards work in board backup with port backup mode, after an active/standby switchover,
the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing policy.

l
If the FG2a/FG2c boards work in active/standby mode and their ports work in active/
standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, transmission is
interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds when the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards are switched
over. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service
quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established or during
handovers) are interrupted. Stable PS services are not interrupted, but service quality
deteriorates temporarily.
When the FG2a/FG2c boards work in active/standby mode but their ports do not work in
active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, a switchover
between the active and standby boards interrupts services of CS and PS.
5.1.5 Backup of GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb Boards

When two GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards are installed in adjacent slots in the BSC6900
MPS, the two boards work in 1+1 warm backup mode.
When two GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards are configured to work in active/standby mode,
the board that first starts up is in the active state.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards, run the
SWP BRD command.
The active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards can be automatically switched over
only if any of the following conditions is met:
l
The active GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board resets, but the standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/

GCGb board is working properly.
The active GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board is faulty, but the standby GCUa/GCUb/

GCGa/GCGb board is working properly.
The clock source of the active GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board is faulty, but that of the
standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board is working properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

70
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
NOTE
The GCGa/GCGb board supports the GPS clock. If the satellite card in the active GCGa/GCGb board is
faulty but that in the standby GCGa/GCGb board works properly, the active and standby GCGa/GCGb
boards are switched over.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards are switched over, the active
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby GCUa/
GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board becomes active.

A switchover between the active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards does not affect
services.
5.1.6 Backup of GOUa/GOUc/GOUe Boards

When two GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the
two boards can be configured to work in one of the following two modes: board backup with no
port backup and board backup with port backup.
When two GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board
that first starts up is in the active state. The backup mode of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board is
configurable when the ADD BRD command is used to add a GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board. If
Backup is set to YES(YES), the backup mode of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board is board backup
with no port backup.
When the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are configured to work in board backup mode, you can
run the ADD ETHREDPORT command to set the port backup mode. For details about the port
backup mode, see 5.2.2 Ethernet Port Backup.
The FE/GE ports on the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards can also be configured to work in Ethernet
port load sharing mode or Ethernet port trunking mode. For details about the Ethernet port load
sharing mode, see 5.2.3 Ethernet Port Load Sharing. For details about the Ethernet port
trunking mode, see 5.2.4 Ethernet Port Trunking.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards, run the SWP
BRD command.
The active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards can be automatically switched over only if
any of the following conditions is met:
l
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board resets, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
is working properly.
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board is faulty, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
is working properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

71
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Switchover Process
When the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are switched over, the active GOUa/
GOUc/GOUe board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe
board becomes active.
NOTE
If the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in board backup with port backup mode, after an active/standby
switchover, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing policy.

l
If the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in active/standby mode and their ports work in
active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, transmission is
interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds when the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are
switched over. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted,
but service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established
or during handovers) are interrupted. PS services are interrupted temporarily and recover
when upper-layer services (for example, web page browsing) trigger a reestablishment.
When the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in active/standby mode but their ports do not
work in active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, a
switchover between the active and standby boards interrupts services of CS and PS.
5.1.7 Resource Pool of NIUa Boards

The NIUa boards of the BSC6900 work in resource pool mode.
Board Resource Pool

All the NIUa boards of the BSC6900 work as a resource pool. The BSC6900 appropriately
schedules and allocates resources for services among the NIUa boards.
NIUa boards can be installed in only the MPS or EPS. If NIUa boards are used to process UMTS
services, the NIUa boards preferentially process UMTS services in the local subrack.
Impact of Board Faults on the System

When an NIUa board is faulty, the PS differentiated services carried on the board are affected,
but PS services are not affected.
5.1.8 Backup of OMUa/OMUc Boards

When two OMUa/OMUc boards are installed in adjacent slots in the BSC6900 MPS, the two
boards work in 1+1 backup mode.
When two OMUa/OMUc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state.
Manual Switchover
You can run the DSP OMU command to query the status of data synchronization between the
active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards. Manual switchover can be performed only when the
standby OMUa/OMUc board works properly and the state of data synchronization between the
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

72
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards is Data synchronization is

successful.
To manually switch over the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards, run the SWP OMU
command.
The active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
l
The standby OMUa/OMUc board cannot detect the heartbeat information about the active
OMUa/OMUc board for 5 consecutive minutes.
The active OMUa/OMUc board cannot detect the virtual IP address for 3 consecutive
minutes, but the standby OMUa/OMUc board is working properly.
Both the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards work properly for one period, and no
switchover occurs during the period.
NOTE
By default, the period for automatic switchover between the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards
is 90 days. You can use the SET ASWPARA command to set the period for automatic switchover.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards are switched over, the active OMUa/
OMUc board becomes standby, and the other OMUa/OMUc board becomes active.

A switchover between the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards temporarily interrupts the
O&M network, but does not affect the services of the BSC6900. The O&M network
automatically recovers after the switchover.
5.1.9 Backup of PEUa/PEUc Boards

When two PEUa/PEUc boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two
boards can be configured to work in active/standby backup mode.
When two PEUa/PEUc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state. The backup mode of the PEUa/PEUc board is configurable
when the ADD BRD command is used to add a PEUa/PEUc board.
The port on the active PEUa/PEUc board is the active port, and the port on the standby PEUa/
PEUc board is the standby port. A switchover of the active and standby boards leads to a
switchover of the active and standby ports, and a switchover of the active and standby ports
leads to a switchover of the active and standby boards.
Y-shaped E1/T1 cables are used to connect the active and standby boards to the peer equipment.
Only the E1/T1 ports on the active board are used to transmit, receive, and process data.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

73
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
The active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
l
The active PEUa/PEUc board resets, but the standby PEUa/PEUc board is working
properly.
The active PEUa/PEUc board is faulty, but the standby PEUa/PEUc board is working
properly.
The port on the active PEUa/PEUc board is faulty, but the port on the standby PEUa/PEUc
board is working properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards are switched over, the active PEUa/PEUc board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby PEUa/PEUc board becomes active.

When the active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards are switched over, transmission is interrupted
for 1 to 3 seconds. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted, but
service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established or during
handovers) are interrupted. PS services are interrupted temporarily and recover when upperlayer services (for example, web page browsing) trigger a reestablishment.
5.1.10 Backup of POUa/POUc Boards

When two POUa/POUc boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two
boards can be configured to work in 1+1 backup mode or port backup mode.
When two POUa/POUc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state. The backup mode of the POUa/POUc board is configurable
when the ADD BRD command is used to add a POUa/POUc board. If Backup is set to YES,
both the POUa/POUc boards and their optical ports work in backup mode. Therefore, the backup
mode of the optical ports does not need to be configured again.
Optical ports on POUa/POUc boards work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode. For details
about the backup of POUa/POUc optical ports, see 5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby POUa/POUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
The active and standby POUa/POUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

74
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
The active POUa/POUc board resets, but the standby POUa/POUc board is working
properly.
The active POUa/POUc board is faulty, but the standby POUa/POUc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby POUa/POUc boards are switched over, the active POUa/POUc
board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby POUa/POUc board becomes active.
NOTE
If optical ports work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby
optical ports according to the MSP protocol after the active and standby POUa/POUc boards are switched
over,

During an active/standby switchover of POUa/POUc boards, transmission is interrupted for 1
to 3 seconds. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted, but
service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established or during
handovers) are interrupted. PS services are interrupted temporarily and recover when upperlayer services (for example, web page browsing) trigger a reestablishment.
5.1.11 Independent Mode of SAUa/SAUc Board

The BSC6900 is configured with one SAUa/SAUc board, which works in independent mode.
The SAUa/SAUc board collects Call History Record (CHR) and Measurement Report (MR)
data from BSC6900, preprocesses the collected data, and periodically reports the result to the
Nastar.
Impact of a Board Fault on the System

If the SAUa/SAUc board becomes faulty, its services are interrupted. As a result, the Nastar
cannot obtain data from the SAUa/SAUc board. BSC6900 services, however, are not affected.
When the SAUa/SAUc board recovers, it automatically resumes data reporting. For MR data,
the SAUa/SAUc board reports the data lost within 24 hours when the fault is rectified. For CHR
data, the SAUa/SAUc board does not report the data that is lost when the SAUa/SAUc board is
faulty.
5.1.12 Backup of SCUa/SCUb Boards

When two SCUa/SCUb boards are installed in adjacent active and standby slots in a BSC6900
subrack, the two boards work in active/standby backup mode.
When two SCUa/SCUb boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, either of the two
boards can be active when they start up. The SCUa/SCUb boards perform maintenance,
management, and GE/10GE switching in the local subrack. The active SCUa/SCUb board
processes the maintenance and management data, and the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards
process GE/10GE switching data.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

75
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Manual Switchover
The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards.
The active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards can be switched over only when one of the following
conditions is met:
l
The active SCUa/SCUb board is reset, and the standby SCUa/SCUb board works properly.
The active SCUa/SCUb board is faulty, and the standby SCUa/SCUb board works properly.
The clock source of the active SCUa/SCUb board is faulty, and that of the standby SCUa/
SCUb board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards are switched over, the active SCUa/SCUb
board becomes standby after being reset, and the other SCUa/SCUb board becomes active.

When the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards are switched over, services are not affected.
For boards working in active/standby mode, tasks running on the standby board are different
from those running on the active board. If the active and standby boards reset and start at the
same time, the CPU load of the board upgraded to the active state may fluctuate around 1% to
2% after the first switchover.
5.1.13 Backup of UOIa/UOIc Boards

When two UOIa/UOIc boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the two
boards can be configured to work in 1+1 backup mode or port backup mode.
When two UOIa/UOIc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board that
first starts up is in the active state. When the ADD BRD command is executed to add a UOIa/
UOIc board, the backup mode of the UOIa/UOIc board is configurable. If Backup is set to
YES, both the UOIa/UOIc boards and their optical ports work in backup mode. Therefore, the
backup mode of the optical ports does not need to be configured again.
Optical ports on UOIa/UOIc boards work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode. For details
about the backup of UOIa/UOIc optical ports, see 5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup. In
addition, the Y-shaped optical cable can be used to ensure the proper working of UOIa/UOIc
boards during the switchover of the active and standby optical ports.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

76
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Prerequisites for Switchover

The active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards can be switched over only if any of the following
conditions is met:
l
The active UOIa/UOIc board resets, but the standby UOIa/UOIc board is working properly.
The active UOIa/UOIc board is faulty, but the standby UOIa/UOIc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards are switched over, the active UOIa/UOIc board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby UOIa/UOIc board becomes active.
NOTE
If optical ports work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby
optical ports according to the MSP protocol after the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards are switched
over.

During an active/standby switchover of UOIa/UOIc boards, transmission is interrupted for 1 to
3 seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality deteriorates
5.1.14 Backup of SPUa/SPUb/SPUc Boards

When two SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards are installed in adjacent slots in a BSC6900 subrack, the
two boards work in 1+1 backup mode.
When two SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards are configured to work in active/standby mode, the board
that first starts up is in the active state.
NOTE
If Logical function type is set to MCP, the boards work in board resource pool mode. MCP refers to mathematics
calculate process.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards, run the SWP
BRD command.
The active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards can be automatically switched over only if
any of the following conditions is met:
l
The active SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board resets, but the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is
working properly.
The active SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is faulty, but the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is
working properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

77
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Switchover Process
When the active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards are switched over, the active SPUa/
SPUb/SPUc board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board
becomes active.

During an active/standby switchover of SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards, stable services are not
interrupted, but service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being
established or during handovers) are interrupted.
Backup data may be lost and ongoing services may be interrupted if the interval between active/
standby switchovers of SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards is shorter than 5 minutes.
5.2 Port Redundancy

The types of port redundancy for the BSC6900 are as follows: STM-1 optical port backup,
Ethernet port load sharing, and Ethernet port trunking.
5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup

Optical ports on the BSC6900 POUa/POUc/AOUa/AOUc/UOIa/UOIc boards can work in MSP
1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode.
In MSP 1:1 backup mode, the active optical port transmits and receives data.
In MSP 1+1 backup mode, both the active and standby optical ports transmit data, but only the
active optical port receives data.
The SET MSP command is used to set the attributes of MSP backup.
Manual Switchover
The SET MSPCMD command is used to switch over the active and standby optical ports.
The active and standby optical ports can be automatically switched over only if any of the
following conditions is met:
l
A switchover at the peer end triggers a switchover at the local end.
The board where the active optical port is located resets.
The active optical port is faulty, but the standby optical port is working properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board is working properly.
The optical transmission device connected to the active optical port is faulty, but the optical
transmission device connected to the standby optical port is working properly.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

78
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
Switchover Process
When the active and standby optical ports are switched over, the active optical port stops
receiving data and becomes standby, and the original standby optical port starts to receive data
and becomes active.

During an active/standby switchover of optical ports in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode,
transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not
interrupted, but service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being
established or during handovers) are interrupted.
5.2.2 Ethernet Port Backup

When the FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in board backup mode, the FE/GE ports
on the active and standby boards can be configured to work in Ethernet port backup mode.
In Ethernet port backup mode, only the active optical port transmits and receives data.
When the boards work in active/standby mode, you can use the ADD ETHREDPORT
command to configure the FE/GE ports on the active and standby boards to work in Ethernet
port backup mode.
Manual Switchover
The SWP ETHPORT command is used to switch over the active and standby ports on the
FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards.
The active and standby ports can be automatically switched over only if any of the following
conditions is met:
l
The active port is faulty, but the standby port is working properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board is working properly.
The board where the active port is located resets.
A fault is detected after a BFD/ARP detection is started by using the STR IPCHK
command with the parameter Whether affect the port swapping set to YES(YES).
Switchover Process
When the active and standby ports are switched over, the active port stops receiving data and
becomes standby, and the original standby port starts to receive data and becomes active.

During an active/standby switchover of ports, transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds.
Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality deteriorates
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

79
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
5.2.3 Ethernet Port Load Sharing

The FE/GE ports on the BSC6900 FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board support load sharing.
Prerequisites
The BSC6900 supports load sharing between FE/GE ports that are located on active and standby
boards. The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between the FE/GE ports on non-active/
standby boards.
The BSC6900 supports load sharing between FE/GE ports that are located on the same board.
The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between active and standby ports.
Working Principles
Ethernet port load sharing can be implemented by configuring multiple routes between FE/GE
ports and the same destination address. The ADD IPRT command can be used to add an IP
route. The IP routes must have the same destination IP address, subnet mask, and priority, but
different next-hop IP addresses.
One data stream is transmitted only through one FE/GE port.
Application Scenario
When the FE/GE ports of the BSC6900 work in load sharing mode, different IP routes must be
configured if the data towards the same destination IP address needs to be transmitted through
different ports. For example, load sharing between two FE/GE ports requires two IP routes.
Impact of Port Faults on the System

When a port is faulty, services carried on the port are interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds. Stable
services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality deteriorates temporarily.
Transient services (calls being established or during handovers) are interrupted.
When a port is faulty, the capacity of the resource pool to which this port belongs decreases.
5.2.4 Ethernet Port Trunking

Ethernet port trunking can work in either active/standby or load sharing mode.
In active/standby mode, ports in a trunk group work in active/standby mode. If the active port
is faulty, data flows are automatically switched over to the standby port. Therefore, the total
capacity of the trunk group is not affected.
In load sharing mode, bandwidth in a trunk group is allocated to ports in the group to increase
the resource usage efficiency. If a port is faulty, data flows are automatically switched to other
ports. In this case, the total capacity of the trunk group decreases.
Prerequisites
The GE/FE port on the FG2c/GOUc/GOUe board supports Ethernet port trunking.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

80
BSC6900 UMTS
5 Reliability
NOTE
l The BSC6900 does not support Ethernet port trunking on FE/GE ports of boards that do not work in
active/standby mode.
l Ethernet port trunking can be enabled for different ports of a board or on the active and standby ports
on the active and standby boards, respectively.
Working Principles
The ADD ETHTRK and ADD ETHTRKLNK commands are used to establish a trunk group.
The trunk group uses one IP address for external communication.
If a GE/FE link in a trunk group is faulty, data flows carried on the link are automatically switched
to other GE/FE links. All data flows carried by a trunk group use one IP address. Therefore,
faulty links in the group are invisible and they do not affect ongoing services.
Application Scenario
If a pair of FE/GE boards in the BSC6900 work in active/standby mode, Ethernet port trunking
can be configured to work in either active/standby or load sharing mode.
Impact of Port Faults on the System

When a port is faulty, services carried on the port are interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds. Stable
services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service quality deteriorates temporarily.
Transient services (calls being established or during handovers) are interrupted.
If a trunk group works in load sharing mode, the available bandwidth in the group decreases
when a port is faulty.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)

81

BSC6900 UMTS Technical Description (V900R017C10 - 01) (PDF) - en

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

BSC6900 UMTS Technical Description (V900R017C10 - 01) (PDF) - en

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

BSC6900 UMTS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Huawei Industrial Base

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document

About This Document

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document

Times New Roman

Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.

Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

Book titles are in italics.

Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

The keywords of a command line are in boldface.

Command arguments are in italics.

Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.

Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by

Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by

Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles

Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document

Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt

Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means

Select and release the primary mouse button without moving

Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

4 Transmission and Networking.................................................................................................46

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

4.1.1 ATM-based Networking on the Iu/Iur Interface........................................................................................................47

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Deleted the description that the DEUa board

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Chapter

2.1 Switching Subsystem

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

2.1 Switching Subsystem

Provides intra-subrack Medium Access Control (MAC) switching

Provides inter-subrack MAC switching and TDM switching

Network topologies between subracks

Figure 2-2 Network topologies between subracks

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

2.2 Service Processing Subsystem

User data transfer

System admission control

Radio channel ciphering and deciphering

Data integrity protection

Radio resource management and control

Cell broadcast service control

System information and user message tracing

Data volume reporting

Radio access management

Signaling processing boards: SPUa, SPUb, and SPUc

Service processing boards: DPUb and DPUe