HUMAN Systems

Reproductive system
Function
produce a new human being

Organs
vagina
uterus
penis
testicles

Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System

Functions:
produce sperm cells
deliver sperm to the female reproductive system
urinary bladder

seminal vesicle

vas deferens
pubic bone
prostate gland
rectum

penis
urethra

epididymis
scrotum
testis

bulbourethral
gland

Testes

produce sperm and testosterone

require a low temperature thus outside the body
sperm live up to 72 hours inside a female
contained inside the scrotum

scrotum
testis

Epididymis
sperm mature here
lie on top of the testes
folds of tissue up to 700 ft long

epididymis

Vas deferens
connects external scrotum to internal path
stores sperm, empties into urethra
sperm travel through during ejaculation

vas deferens

urethra

Urethra
semen flows through this pathway along with sperm
during ejaculation
urine is also eliminated here
inside of the penis
urinary bladder

penis
urethra

Prostate gland
produces a fluid that combines with semen
fluid nourishes and protects the sperm

prostate gland

urethra

Seminal vesicles
Produce a sugary fluid that provides sperm with
a source of energy to help it move
seminal vesicle

Female Reproductive System

Functions:
produce ova, or egg cells
provide a place where a zygote develops

fallopian
tube
ovary

uterus

cervix

pubic bone
urinary bladder

urethra

rectum

vagina

Ovaries (pair)
Mature and release 1 egg per month
Matures in the follicles in the ovary
Born with all the eggs a female will have
2 million at birth, 200-400 thousand at puberty

Once the egg is released the follicles release a hormone

for child development if fertilized

Ovaries

ovary

Ovaries

Oviducts or Fallopian Tubes

Where fertilization occurs
Egg only lives for 6-24 hours here
Feather like projections that move the egg along

fallopian
tube
ovary

Oviducts or Fallopian Tubes

Uterus
Embryo will embed itself once fertilized
Embryo will develop into a fetus
Thick walled muscular organ
uterus

Uterus

Cervix and Vagina

Cervix
Opening connects uterus to vagina
Usually 1 cm wide, expands to 10 cm during birth

Vagina

Birth canal, site of menstruation, site of sexual

intercourse

cervix

vagina

Cervix and vagina

Fetal Development

Egg is released from the ovary

Egg travels into the fallopian tube
Egg waits for 6- 24 hours until sperm reaches it
fallopian
tube

uterus

5 to 7 days to uterus
follicle
egg cell

egg released

ovary

uterine wall
corpus luteum

 Once sperm reaches the egg and penetrates it,

the egg is fertilized and becomes a zygote

The fertilized egg travels to the uterus.

The zygote becomes a blastocyst and implants into the uterus.

blastocyst

uterine wall

Implantation of
blastocyst

Life in the Womb Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2xaXbQJFhE
Try to identify the female reproductive anatomy as you
watch this video.

 The blastocyst becomes an embryo.

Embryonic membranes protect and nourish the embryo.

amniotic sac- cushions
embryo.
placenta- connects
mother and embryo.
umbilical cordconnects embryo to
placenta.

placenta
umbilical
cord
uterus

amniotic sac

A zygote develops into a fully formed fetus in about 38 weeks.

Human pregnancies are divided into trimesters.
1st trimester:
body plan and early development
genetic issues occur here

2nd trimester
fetus more active, developed
sex can be determined

3rd trimester
all organs fully formed

After about 38 weeks, fetus is ready to be born.

Developing Fetus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNziRpiMUsc