SPEECH OR

LANGUAGE
IMPAIRMENTS
ALMA HERNANDEZ-FRYER

Difference between language and Speech disorders.

Speech the scholar has difficulty
producing sound (Lerner & Johns,
2015)

Language disorders the scholar

include all forms of communication
(Lerner & Johns, 2015)

Language system
1.

Listening

Speakin
g

Language
Core
Writing
4

Reading
3

Note. Figure 11.1 Language forms and integrated language core. Adapted from Learning
Disabilities and Related Disabilities (p.310) by authors Lerner & Johns, 2015, Stamford, CT:
Cengage Learning. Copyright 2015 by Centage Learning.

LANGUAGE

5 to 10 % of children have language impairments which affect

language.(Vissers, Koolen, Hermans, Scheper,& Knoors, 2015).

Types of language problems

Receptive language issues
Scholars have difficulty understanding temporal acoustic processing
Johns, 2015)

(Lerner &

.
Expressive languages:
Rapid automatizing naming, word finding and articulation(Lerner & Johns, 2015)
Some scholars have mixed receptive expressive language issues.

How do language disabilities affect

a person?
Academics
Scholars have difficulties with phonological
working memory that prevent scholars from

Academics
Scholars in secondary school have

difficulties in the written language.

manipulating sounds (Vissers, Koolen,

Hermans, Scheper, & Knoors, H. 2015).
Scholars have difficulty with learning words
and reading (Lerner & Johns, 2015).

Areas of written language include:

productivity, complexity and

grammar (Koutsoftas &
2012).

gray,

How do language disabilities affect

a person?
Social:
Scholar is unable to communicate with their peers.
Child is quiet
Self esteem issues due to stuttering or unable to articulate.
Emotional: Exhibits frustrations because they are unable to articulate or understand
when someone speaks to them.

Medical Conditions:
Otitis Media:
Ear infection that causes temporary hearing loss (Lerner & Johns, 2015).
Autism:
Children in the autism spectrum have impairments in language development
(Maljaars, Noens, Scholte,& van Berckelaer-Onnes, 2012).
Learning disabilities :
Children with autism and Learning disabilities have difficulty understanding words
(Maljaars, J., Noens, Scholte,& van Berckelaer-Onnes, 2012).

Activity

Speech Therapy Activi

ties Using Spot It, 20

REFERENCES
Koutsoftas, A. D., & Gray, S. (2012). Comparison of Narrative and Expository Writing in Students with and without Language-Learning Disabilities.
Language, Speech,
And Hearing Services In Schools, 43(4), 395-409.

Lerner, J. W., & Johns, B. H. (2015). Learning disabilities and related disabilities: Strategies for success. Stamford, CT: Cengage.
Maljaars, J., Noens, I., Scholte, E., & van Berckelaer-Onnes, 2012). Language in Low-Functioning Children with Autistic Disorder:
Differences

between Receptive and Expressive Skills and Concurrent Predictors of Language. Journal Of Autism And

Developmental

Disorders,

42(10), 2181-2191.

Speech Therapy Activities Using Spot It! (2015). Retrieved February 22, 2016, from http://
www.home-speech-home.com/speech-therapy-activities-using-spot-it.html
Vissers, C., Koolen, S., Hermans, D., Scheper, A., & Knoors, H. (2015). Executive functioning in preschoolers with specific language
impairment.

Frontiers In Psychology, 61-8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01574