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Class-1: Mathematics
Concept Notes: Number Sense
Number sense : A persons ability to use and understand
numbers:Historical Preview

v Zero is the only number

which
cannot
be
represented in Roman.
v Zero was discovered by
an Indian mathematician
named Aryabhatta.

Knowing their relative values

Use them to make judgements

Use them in flexible ways when adding, subtracting,

multiplying or dividing

Develop useful strategies when counting measuring

or estimating

Zero
Zero is the first number in the counting and it is written
as 0. The number zero represents having no value. This
can be understand by following example:
1.

Suppose there are 5 birds

sitting on the branch of the
tree.

2.

Out of 5 birds, 2 fly away, so

now 3 birds are sitting on the
branch of the tree.

3.

The remaining birds also fly

away and now there are zero
birds on the branch.

Numbers from 0 to 9 are called one digit numbers.

Numbers from 10 to 99 are called two digit numbers.

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Number line
Arrangment of numbers from left to right in a line in increasing order is called number line.
For example numbers from 0 to 10 are shown in the number line as following.

10

Number line is useful in addition and subtraction and also tells the relation between the
numbers. We will learn about number line in higher classes.

place value of a number

In any two digit number first number from right is called ones and second number from right
is called tens. For example:
eg.

Tens Ones
3 5
first number from right
second number from right

35 has 5 ones and 3 tens

Building numbers
Building numbers from 11 to 20: Addition method is used for building of numbers for
example. When we add 1 to 10 then it will form 11. Similarly, 2 is added in 10 to get number 12.
11
10

Tens
1

Ones
2

Twelve

Tens
1

Ones
9

Nineteen

Tens
2

Ones
0

Twenty

20
10

Eleven

19
10

Ones
1

12
10

Tens
1

10

Building Numbers From 21 to 50: Now, let us take some examples to build numbers from 21
to 50.
When we add 1 to 20 then it will form 21.
Let us understand with an example
Here
= 10

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Tens Ones

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

21

Twenty one

25

Twenty five

30

Thirty

39

Thirty Nine

48

Fourty Eight

50

Fifty

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

before, after and between

One more than a number comes after it.
One less than a number comes before it.
For example:

17 is before 18

18 is between 17 & 19

19 is after 18

comparing numbers
How will you compare two numbers?
Greater than (>), less than (<) or equal to (=) signs are used to compare numbers.
For example:

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Here 3 is less than 7.

8 is more than 6.

ordering numbers
Numbers, when arranged from the smallest to the largest are said to be in ascending or
increasing order.
For example:
Numbers

can be arranged in ascending or increasing number as following.

25
15
9
from the lowest step to the highest step

Numbers when arranged from the largest to the smallest are said to be in descending or
decreasing order.
Example:

25
15
9
from the highest step to the lowest step

backward counting
In backward counting the numbers are written in reverse order.
For example
1.

2.

50

49

48

47

46

45

44

43

42

41

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

10

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skip counting
In skip counting, value of the numbers increase uniformly
For example:
(a) Skip counting of 2 can be written as

2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ...
(b) Skip counting of 3 can be written as

3, 6, 9, 12, 15 ...

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