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Question
How do different substances, such as Pine Tar, Vaseline, Dirt,
Aerodynamics of a Pitch
A baseball pitch has four major forces to it:
Drag
Weight
Lift
Spin
Of the four, drag and weight are the two forces that are
Drag
Drag is simply how air resistance effects the a moving
substance.
It can be seen by the difference of velocity at two different
distances.
A baseball already has more drag than a normal spherical
object due to the stitches around the ball.
The extra substance would increase the drag on the baseball,
which therefore would decrease the speed of the baseball.
A foreign substance would affect drag more than any of the
other forces on a baseball.
Weight
An added substance on a baseball will also obviously
Lift
Lift is a force that acts in the direction perpendicular to the
Spin
The spin of the ball affects the curve of the pitch
If there is more backspin on a ball, the ball usually tends to
Pitching Machine
Materials
Materials
This is the pitching machine
that we used in this
experiment. (Courtesy of
Oakland University)
Materials
This the bucket of baseballs
we used in this experiment.
(Courtesy of Oakland
University)
Procedure
1. Acquire Materials
2. Draw a 2 feet long by a 17 inch wide rectangle (strike
Procedure
4) Place wooden board perpendicular to the back of home
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
Procedure
10) Put on your latex gloves and cover them with Pine Tar
11) Rub the ball with the gloves covered in pine tar
12) Place the ball into pitching machine at 70 mph then launch
13) Using same ball, repeat step 6, for 80 mph and 90 mph
Procedure
16) Repeat steps 10-15 for Vaseline and Dirt
17) For Spit, have the SAME person spit twice into a pair of
Standard
Pine Tar
Spit
Dirt
Vaseline
Standard
Pine Tar
Spit
Dirt
Vaseline
Standard
Pine Tar
Spit
Dirt
Vaseline
Trial 1
(.5,-.5)
(2,.5)
(1,-.5)
(2,0)
(4,2)
Trial 1
(.5,.5)
(2.5,1)
(-1,0)
(1,.5)
(3.5,1)
Trial 1
(-.5,-.5)
(1.5,1)
(0,0)
(.5,0)
(2,.5)
Data
Trial 2
(1,1)
(3,2)
(.5,1)
(0,1)
(2.5,3)
70 MPH
Trial 3
(1,.5)
(1.5,1)
(-1,-.5)
(1,1)
(2,2.5)
Trial 4
(1.5,0)
(3,1)
(-1,-1)
(.5,2)
(3.5,2)
Trial 5
(1,1.5)
(3,.5)
(.5,-1.5)
(1.5,1)
(3,3)
Average
(1,.5)
(2.5,1)
(0,-.5)
(1,1)
(3,2.5)
Trial 2
(1,-.5)
(.5,.5)
(0,-1)
(1,.5)
(3,2)
80 MPH
Trial 3
(.5,1)
(2.5,2)
(0,0)
(0,.5)
(3,1.5)
Trial 4
(.5,-1)
(2.5,.5)
(-1,-1)
(2,1)
(2.5,1.5)
Trial 5
(0,0)
(2,1)
(-.5,-.5)
(1,0)
(3,1.5)
Average
(.5,0)
(2,1)
(-.5,-.5)
(1,.5)
(3,1.5)
Trial 2
(0,0)
(.5,1)
(0,-1)
(1,1)
(1.5,1)
90 MPH
Trial 3
(0,.5)
(1,1)
(-.5,-2)
(0,-.5)
(3,0)
Trial 4
(.5,0)
(2,.5)
(.5,-1)
(0,-1.5)
(1.5,.5)
Trial 5
(0,0)
(0,1.5)
(0,-1)
(1,1)
(2,.5)
Average
(0,0)
(1,1)
(0,-1)
(.5,0)
(2,.5)
Standard
Pitch 1
Pitch 2
Pitch 3
Pitch 4
Pitch 5
(.5,-.5)
(1,1)
(1,.5)
(1.5,0)
(.5,1)
Experimental Explanations
The results of the experiment conclude that Pine Tar, Spit,
Research Connections
The aerodynamics of a baseball show that an added
Expanding Experiment
This experiment can be done with many different pitches
In this experiment, only fastballs were used at three different
speeds.
In future experiments, different types of pitches can be done
such as curve balls, knuckleballs, sliders, and changeups etc.
If these pitches showed results similar to ours, than one
could conclude that Vaseline is the best substance to use
while pitching