Graham Dixon

Professor Leslie Drake

Research Tech.
18 March 2016
Liptrot, Amy. The Outrun. Edinburgh: Canongate, 2016. Print.
In this memoir, Amy Liptrot tells her struggles of growing up to become an alcoholic like her
father. Liptrot grew up on the Orkney Islands of Scotland, where there is a large number of cases that
involve people of who suffer alcoholism. This memoir Liptrot battles mental illness and alcoholism
herself, and goes to the island that she grew up on to try to help herself stay sober. It is an never-ending
battle, however she uses the beautiful nature of island to help her keep her willpower.
This memoir is up to date because it was only has only been published for about three months,
so this is a very resent story that has been told. The author has first had experiences of alcoholism on
the island and that is why she wrote the book. Which means that there could be some bias in the book
due to the fact that it is only from her experiences in life, however the importance is still their because
this gives a first-hand-look at what it is like do go through this on islands. The author wrote this for
anyone to be able to read because Liptrot wanted people top know her story.
Ranganathan, Mohini Sewell, R. Carbuto, Michelle Elander, Jacqueline Schnakenberg, Ashley
Radhakrishnan, Rajiv Pittman, Brian D'Souza, Deepak. "Effects Of -Tetrahydrocannabinol In
Individuals With A Familial Vulnerability To Alcoholism." Psychopharmacology 231.12 (2014): 23852393. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. Web.12 Mar. 2016.
This artitcle was written by a group of researchers about the affect of alcoholism in families.
Their research concluded that about 50% of people with alcoholism have family history with that same
problem. They did this study by studing the brain and the affects of giving people alcohol over a three
day span.
This article and study is only a couple years old, therefore I believe that it is still a very realiable

source to use. The purpose for this scholary source is to imform the reader of how acoholism in family
history can lead to alcoholism in an individual. There is no real credintials listed for the authors,
however there is no bias amoung their research and their experiement. The purpose of this article is to
show readers how alcoholism can be pased down in fmily members.
Hesselbrock, Victor. M. O'Brien, James. Weinstein, Marlynn. Carter-Menendez, Nancy.
"Reasons For Drinking And Alcohol Use In Young Adults At High Risk And At Low Risk For
Alcoholism." British Journal Of Addiction 82.12 (1987): 1335-1339. Psychology and Behavioral
Sciences Collection. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
In this article the authors Hessekbrock, O'Brian, Weinstein, and Carter-Menendez state how
people in families think about alcoholism and the use of alcohol in if they grew up with alcoholic and
non-alcoholic parents. They are stating why limiting alcohol consumption in high and low groups.
Their research concluded that if people have a reason not to drink, their consumption is lowet then
those who do not have a reason not to drink.
This source was written about 25 years ago, but the authors did an excelent job of researtch and
using research so I believe that it is that the research is still creditiable. This scholary journal doe not
show bias in its writing. The importance of using this journal is show alcoholic habits.
"Alcohol Abuse in Scotland." Alcoholrehab.com. Alcoholrehab.com. 2016. Web. 20 Mar. 2016.
This artcile was strictly about alcoholism in Scotland the the people who abuse it. This is a
website article, so it states facts about alcoholism in Scotland and stastics that go along with that. The
article is stricly full of information and has no bias in it.
The information was posted in 2008, howver it is constatly updated whenever new information
is found or statitics change. There is no author listed, just a sponsor and they seem to be very creditable
because they are a group that focuses on alcohol and the abuse. This is an unbias, general public article
that is stricly to focus on alcoholism in Scotland and the islnd that surround them. The importance is
that this is a great contenet to focus on, because it also has island nations that srround it.

Perdrix, J, et al. "Patterns Of Alcohol Consumption In The Seychelles Islands (Indian Ocean)."
Alcohol And Alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) 34.5 (1999): 773-785. MEDLINE. Web. 23 Mar. 2016.
This jornal was found on the internet and it is about alcoholism in the Seychelles. The study
was a group of random 1067 25-64 year olds and their consumption of beer. It was concluded that
about half of men were regular drinkers, however only 6% of women were regular drinkers. It was also
found that only about 53% of beer that is consumed was bought from a store, most beer is homebrewed. It concluded that men and women drink very differently in this country.
The information was posted in 1999, so the author's research is fairly recent. The authors were
credentials were vary vague except for Perdrix who worked at the Univeristy Institute of Social and
Preventive Medicine in Lausanne, Switzerland. This article is non-bias and attended for more of the
scholary audience. The purpose is to show the differnces amoung the islanders men and women and it
is important for that purpose.
"Alcohol's Effects on the Body." Alcohol's Effects on the Body. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
Alcoholism. Web. 18 Mar. 2016.
This web page is strictly about the effects that alcohol has on a human's body. The first part of
the body that it effects is the brain, because it messes with the communication pathways in your brain.
Other organs that it effects is a person's heart, liver, and pancreas. It also has a increase risk of cancer in
the mouth, esophagus, throat, liver, and breasts. There is also a effect on a person's immune system.
This website's article is kept up-to-date and is updated regularly, which makes it a very current.
The sponsor is a group that focuses on alcoholism and alcohol abuse, so their credentials is great and
does a great job to keep it non-bias by only stating facts. It is a great easy-to-read page that the general
public can look at if they are wanting to know anything about alcoholism. The importance is knowing
the effects that alcoholism has on a person not only mentally, but physical also.
"Minority Women's Health." Alcoholism and Drug Abuse. Office of Women's Health. Web. 19 Mar.
2016.

This source focuses on alcoholism in minority women's lives. It first states how islanders should
be less likely to drink compared to other groups, however they have high rates of alcohol abuse. Then it
goes on to talk about problems that alcohol cases and the patterns of alcoholism. Then it focuses more
on alcoholism and alcohol abuse in women only.
The source is written and published by a group of people who focus on alcoholism and alcohol
abuse in minority women, so I find their facts credible for my research. The authors wrote it non-bias
and for general people to find and read to inform them of what is happening with alcoholism in a
women's body. It is important in this paper because it states about islanders and that is a part of the
focus.
"International Comparisons of Alcohol Consumption." International Comparisons of Alcohol
Consumption. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Web. 17 Mar. 2016.
This article is about the comparison of the consumption of alcohol internationally and it has
many different sections of information. The first section explains how different cultures will have
different results when it comes to the amount of alcohol drank, because they can either be a wet or
dry culture when alcohol is involved. It also states how the strength of the alcohol changes from
place to place, therefore alcoholism has to be measured according to that. Also it states about other
ideas of alcohol.
This website's article is kept up-to-date and is updated regularly, which makes it a very current.
The sponsor is a group that focuses on alcoholism and alcohol abuse, so their credentials is great and
does a great job to keep it non-bias by only stating facts. It is a great easy-to-read page that the general
public can look at if they are wanting to know anything about alcoholism. The importance is knowing
the the differences in cultures when it comes to alcohol.
"Alcoholism: Get Facts on Treatment, Symptoms and Statistics." MedicineNet. Roxanne DrydenEdwards. Web. 23 Mar. 2016.
This article starts off with facts about alcohol abuse and how to diagnose it and recognize it if

needed. It also talks about the long term effects that it can have on a person and a groups of people. It
also states how a person independence it taken away with alcoholism because they have to have alcohol
in their system to even be able to function in the simplest of ways.
This seems to be a reliable source for multiple reasons, one is that it is a .net source so this
isn't just something that was thrown on the internet. Author's intended audience seems to be the general
public and she does it in a way that is non-bias. The purpose is to inform readers of the different effects
of alcoholism and how it effects daily life.