Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
The Heart
Anatomy
www.docbutch.blogspot.com
Heart Anatomy
Heart Anatomy
Heart Wall
Epicardium visceral layer of the serous
pericardium
Myocardium cardiac muscle layer forming the
bulk of the heart
Fibrous skeleton of the heart crisscrossing,
interlacing layer of connective tissue
Endocardium endothelial layer of the inner
myocardial surface
7
Brachiocephalic
Figure
18.4b
10
11
12
13
Figure 18.4d
Figure
18.4e
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Figure
18.5
22
Coronary Circulation
23
24
Figure 18.7a
25
Figure 18.7b
Heart Valves
Heart valves ensure unidirectional blood flow
through the heart
Atrioventricular (AV) valves lie between the atria
and the ventricles
AV valves prevent backflow into the atria when
ventricles contract
26
Heart Valves
Semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood into the
ventricles
Aortic semilunar valve lies between the left
ventricle and the aorta
Pulmonary semilunar valve lies between the right
ventricle and pulmonary trunk
27
Heart Valves
Figure2818.8a, b
Heart Valves
Figure2918.8c, d
Figure
18.9
30
Figure
18.10
31
32
InterActive Physiology:
Cardiovascular System: Anatomy Review: The Heart
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
33
34
Figure 18.11
35
36
37
38
Figure 18.13
39
40
41
Figure 18.14a
Figure
18.17
42
Heart is stimulated
by the sympathetic
cardioacceleratory
center
Heart is inhibited by
the parasympathetic
cardioinhibitory
center
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
43
Figure 18.15
Electrocardiography
Electrical activity is recorded by electrocardiogram
(ECG)
P wave corresponds to depolarization of SA node
QRS complex corresponds to ventricular
depolarization
T wave corresponds to ventricular repolarization
Atrial repolarization record is masked by the larger
QRS complex
PLAY
InterActive Physiology:
Cardiovascular System: Intrinsic Conduction System
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
44
Electrocardiography
Figure
18.16
45
Heart Sounds
46
Cardiac Cycle
47
48
49
InterActive Physiology:
Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Cycle
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
50
Figure
18.20
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
Figure 18.21
58
59
60
Figure 18.22
61
62
63
PLAY
InterActive Physiology:
Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Output
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
64
Figure
18.23
65
66
Figure
18.24
67
68
Figure
18.25
69
70
71
Treatment
drugs, bypass graft,
angioplasty, stent
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
72
Clinical Problems
MI = myocardial infarction
death of area of heart muscle from lack of O2
replaced with scar tissue
results depend on size & location of damage
Blood clot
use clot dissolving drugs streptokinase or t-PA & heparin
balloon angioplasty
Angina pectoris
heart pain from ischemia (lack of blood flow and oxygen ) of
cardiac muscle
Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System
73
By-pass Graft
74
75
Artificial Heart
76
Blood Vessels
Aortic knob
Brachial
Aorta
Radial
Ulnar
Femoral
Anterior tibial
Peroneal artery
Posterior tibial
Circle of Willis
Internal carotids
External carotids
Common carotids
Vertebral arteries
Microcirculation
Maintains constant environment for the cells and tissues
Exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes
The blood does not directly come in contact with
the parenchymal cells and tissues in the body,
but constituents of the blood first exit the micro
vascular exchange blood vessels to become
interstitial fluid, which comes into contact with
the parenchymal cells of the body. Lymph is the
fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters
the initial lymphatic vessels of the lymphatic
system