HYPERTENSION

As of 2000, nearly one billion people or ~26% of the adult population of the
world undeveloped (639 million) countries. [88] However, rates vary markedly in
different regions with rates as low as 3.4% (men) and 6.8% (women) in rural
India and as high as 68.9% (men) and 72.5% (women) in Poland. [89] In Europe
hypertension occurs in about 30-45% of people as of 2013. [60]had
hypertension.[88] It was common in both developed (333 million) and
Risk factor

Although the exact cause of high blood pressure is unknown, there are
several factors and conditions that may increase risk.

Being overweight or obese

Smoking
Little or no exercise
Too much salt in the diet
Drinking too much alcohol
Stress
Ethnic background
History of high blood pressure in the family
Primary HTN

Unknown etiology
Usually start at early middle age > 40 year
Pathogenesis
familial with multifactorial inheritance
hyperactivity of sympathetic nervous system
renin angiotensin aldosterone system and
high salt intake

Secondary HTN
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Renal : Reno vascular e.g. renal artery stenosis

Endocrinology : acromeglly,hypothyroidism,cushing
C.N.S : increase intracranial pressure
Vascular : polycythemia
Drug induced : catecholamines,corticosteroids,contraceptive
pills