GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,CHANDRAPUR

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

SEMINAR ON
ON TOPIC
TOPIC ::
SEMINAR

MICROWAVE WIRELESS POWER

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

WHAT
WHAT IS
IS WIRELESS
WIRELESS POWER
POWER TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION (WPT)
(WPT) ??

HISTORY
HISTORY OF
OF WPT
WPT

WHY
WHY NOT
NOT WIRES
WIRES ??

TYPES
TYPES OF
OF WPT
WPT

TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES TO
TO TRANSFER
TRANSFER ENERGY
ENERGY WIRELESSLY
WIRELESSLY

ADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES AND
AND DISADVANTGES
DISADVANTGES

CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION

REFERENCES
REFERENCES

WHAT IS WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION ??

THE
THE TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION OF
OF ENERGY
ENERGY FROM
FROM ONE
ONE PLACE
PLACE TO
TO ANOTHER
ANOTHER
WITHOUT
WITHOUT USING
USING WIRES
WIRES
CONVENTIONAL
CONVENTIONAL ENERGY
ENERGY TRANSFER
TRANSFER IS
IS USING
USING WIRES
WIRES
BUT
BUT THE
THE WIRELESS
WIRELESS TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION IS
IS POSSIBLE
POSSIBLE BY
BY USING
USING VARIOUS
VARIOUS
TECHNOLOGIES.
TECHNOLOGIES.
WITH
WITH HELP
HELP OF
OF WPT
WPT PROPER
PROPER UTILISATION
UTILISATION OF
OF ENERGY
ENERGY IS
IS POSSIBLE
POSSIBLE

HISTORY
1.
1. NIKOLA
NIKOLA TESLA
TESLA IN
IN LATE
LATE 1890S
1890S
2.
2. HIS
HIS VISION
VISION FOR
FOR WORLD
WORLD WIRELESS
WIRELESS SYSTEM
SYSTEM
3.
3. THE
THE 187
187 FEET
FEET TALL
TALL TOWER
TOWER TO
TO BROADCAST
BROADCAST
ENERGY
ENERGY
4.
4. ALL
ALL PEOPLE
PEOPLE CAN
CAN HAVE
HAVE TO
TO FREE
FREE ENERGY
ENERGY
5.
5. SHORTAGE
SHORTAGE OF
OF FUND
FUND LEAD
LEAD TO
TO NONOPERATION.
NONOPERATION.
6.
6. HE
HE USED
USED TO
TO LAMP
LAMP 200
200 LIGHTS
LIGHTS FROM
FROM 40
40 KM
KM
DISTANCE.
DISTANCE.

WHY
WHY NOT
NOT WIRES
WIRES ??
AS PER STUDIES, MOST ELECTRICAL ENERGY TRANSFER THROUGH
WIRES.
MOST OF THE ENERGY LOSS IS DURING TRANSMISSION
1. ON AN AVERAGE, MORE THAN 30 %
2. IN INDIA IT EXCEEDS 40 %
IN ORDER TO REDUCE SUCH CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF LOSSES,
VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES ARE BEING DEVELOPED BY SCIENTISTS.

TECHNIQUES TO TRANSFER ENERGY

WIRELESSLY
NEAR FIELD TECHNIQUES
1.
2.
3.

INDUCTIVE COUPLING
RESONANT INDUCTIVE COUPLING
AIR IONISATION

FAR FIELD TECHNIQUES

1.
2.

MICROWAVE POWER TRANSMISSION

LASER POWER TRANSMISSION


NEAR
NEAR FIELD
FIELD TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUES
1. INDUCTIVE COUPLING
PRIMARY
PRIMARY AND
AND SECONDARY
SECONDARY COILS
COILS ARE
ARE NOT
NOT CONNECTED
CONNECTED
WITH
WITH SERIES
SERIES
ENERGY
ENERGY TRANSFER
TRANSFER IS
IS DUE
DUE TO
TO MUTUAL
MUTUAL INDUCTION
INDUCTION

ENERGY
ENERGY TRANSFER
TRANSFER DEVICES
DEVICES ARE
ARE USUALLY
USUALLYAIR
AIR CORED
CORED
TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER IS
IS AN
AN EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
WIRELESS
WIRELESS CHARGING
CHARGING PAD
PAD (WCP),
(WCP), ELECTRIC
ELECTRIC BRUSHES
BRUSHES ARE
ARE SOME
SOME
EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
NOKIA
NOKIA LUMIA
LUMIA 720
720
THE
THE CHARGING
CHARGING PAD(PRIMARY
PAD(PRIMARY COIL)
COIL) AND
AND THE
THE DEVICES
DEVICES (SECONDARY
(SECONDARY
COIL)
COIL) HAVE
HAVE TO
TO BE
BE KEPT
KEPT VERY
VERY NEAR
NEAR TO
TO EACH
EACH OTHER.
OTHER.

2.
2. RESONANT
RESONANT INDUCTIVE
INDUCTIVE COUPLING
COUPLING

THE
THE CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR AND
AND INDUCTOR
INDUCTOR FORMS
FORMS THE
THE RESONATOR.
RESONATOR.
CHARGE
CHARGE OSCILLATES
OSCILLATES BETWEEN
BETWEEN INDUCTOR
INDUCTOR (AS
(AS MAGNETIC
MAGNETIC
FIELD)
FIELD) AND
AND CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR (( AS
AS ELECTRIC
ELECTRIC FIELD)
FIELD)
THIS
THIS TYPE
TYPE OF
OF OSCILLATION
OSCILLATION IS
IS CALLED
CALLED RESONANCE
RESONANCE IF
IF THE
THE
REACTANCES
REACTANCES OF
OF THE
THE INDUCTOR
INDUCTOR AND
AND CAPACITOR
CAPACITOR ARE
ARE EQUAL.
EQUAL.

RESONANT
RESONANT TRANSFER
TRANSFER WORKS
WORKS BY
BY MAKING
MAKING A
A COIL
COIL RING
RING WITH
WITH AN
AN
OSCILLATING
OSCILLATING CURRENT.
CURRENT.
THIS
THIS GENERATES
GENERATES AN
AN OSCILLATING
OSCILLATING MAGNETIC
MAGNETIC FIELD.
FIELD.
BECAUSE
BECAUSE THE
THE COIL
COIL IS
IS HIGHLY
HIGHLY RESONANT
RESONANT ANY
ANY ENERGY
ENERGY PLACED
PLACED IN
IN THE
THE
COIL
COIL DIES
DIES AWAY
AWAY RELATIVELY
RELATIVELY SLOWLY
SLOWLY OVER
OVER MANY
MANY COILS.
COILS.
BUT
BUT IF
IF A
A SECOND
SECOND COIL
COIL IS
IS BROUGHT
BROUGHT NEAR
NEAR IT,
IT, THE
THE COIL
COIL CAN
CAN PICK
PICK UP
UP
MOST
MOST OF
OF THE
THE ENERGY
ENERGY BEFORE
BEFORE IT
IT IS
IS LOST,
LOST, EVEN
EVEN IF
IF IT
IT IS
IS SOME
SOME DISTANCE
DISTANCE
AWAY.
AWAY.

BLOCK
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DIAGRAM OF
OF RESONANT
RESONANT INDUCTIVE
INDUCTIVE COUPLING
COUPLING
OSCILLATOR
OSCILLATOR USED
USED IS
IS AN
AN ASTABLE
ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR
MULTIVIBRATOR USING
USING 555
555 TIMER
TIMER
WHICH
WHICH SWITCHES
SWITCHES IRFP
IRFP 250
250 TO
TO PRODUCE
PRODUCE OSCILLATIONS
OSCILLATIONS IN
IN THE
THE PRIMARY
PRIMARY
COIL.
COIL.
SECONDARY
SECONDARY COIL
COIL KEPT
KEPT AT
AT A
A DISTANCE
DISTANCE RESONATES
RESONATES AT
AT THE
THE SAME
SAME
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY AND
AND POWER
POWER TRANSFER
TRANSFER TAKES
TAKES PLACE.
PLACE.
SIGNAL
SIGNAL RECEIVED
RECEIVED IN
IN THE
THE SECONDARY
SECONDARY IS
IS RECTIFIED
RECTIFIED AND
AND REGULATED.
REGULATED.

3. AIR IONISATION
TOUGHEST
TOUGHEST TECHNIQUE
TECHNIQUE UNDER
UNDER NEAR
NEAR FEILD
FEILD ENERGY
ENERGY TRANSFER
TRANSFER
TECHNIQUES.
TECHNIQUES.
AIR
AIR IONISES
IONISES ONLY
ONLYWHEN
WHEN THERE
THERE IS
IS A
A HIGH
HIGH FIELD
FIELD
NEEDED
NEEDED FIELD
FIELD IS
IS 2.11
2.11 MV/M
MV/M
NATURAL
NATURAL EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE :: LIGHTENING
LIGHTENING
NOT
NOT FEASIBLE
FEASIBLE FOR
FOR PRACTICAL
PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION.
IMPLEMENTATION.

ADVANTAGES :WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WOULD COMPLETELY

ELIMINATES THE EXSISTING HIGH TENSION POWER TRANSMISSION
LINE CABLES, TOWER AND SUBSTATION S BETWEEN GENERATING
STATTION AND CONSUMRES.
IT FACILITATE THE INTERCONNECTION OF ELECTRICAL
GENERATIONS PLANTS ON A GLOBAL SCALE.
DISADVANTAGES :THE CAPITAL COST IS MORE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF WPT
HEALTHY HAZARDS MAY OCCUR

CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
THUS,
THUS, IT
IT IS
IS CONCLUDED
CONCLUDED THAT,
THAT,
YOU
YOU DONT
DONT NEED
NEED CABLES,PIPES,OR
CABLES,PIPES,OR COPPER
COPPER WIRES
WIRES TO
TO
RECEIVE
RECEIVE POWER.
POWER. POWER
POWER CAN
CAN BE
BE SENT
SENT LIKE
LIKE A
A CELL
CELL PHONE
PHONE CALLCALLWHERE
WHERE YOU
YOU WANT
WANT IT,
IT, WHEN
WHEN YOU
YOU WANT
WANT IT,
IT, IN
IN REAL
REAL TIME.
TIME.

REFERENCES:
REFERENCES:
1.
1. NIKOLA
NIKOLA TESLA,
TESLA, MY
MY INVETIONS,BEN
INVETIONS,BEN JOHNSTON,
JOHNSTON, ED.
ED. AUSTIN,
AUSTIN, HART
HART
BROTHERS,
BROTHERS, P.91,1982
P.91,1982
2.
2. POINT
POINT TO
TO POINT
POINT WIRELESS
WIRELESS POWER
POWER TRANSPORATION
TRANSPORATION IN
IN REUNION
REUNION
TH INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL.
ISLAND
ISLAND 48
48TH
INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL.
3.
3. WWW.HOWSTUFFWORKS.COM
WWW.HOWSTUFFWORKS.COM