Before shut-in the well had produced 9075 STB

at a stabilized rate of 220 STB/D.

I. Horner Method Find:
1. The
formation
permeability
and
transmissibility.
2. The skin factor and wellbore storage
coefficient.
3. Find flow efficiency, damage ratio and
damage factor
4. The afterflow duration from pressure
buildup data.

Solution
1. Conventional Techniques
Horner Method
Using data given on Table 2.1, Pws vs. Horner time
ratio is plotted in semi log (Fig. 2.1).
Horner Semilog Plot
3400
P*
3300
3200
3100
P1hr=3105
3000
2900

Pws (psia)

2. Problem No. 2
The following pressure buildup data were
obtained from an oil well located at the center of a
constant pressure square reservoir.

2800
2700

Known reservoir and pressure data are:

2600
2500

h = 32ft; = 10 %; = 0.85 cp; rw = 3 in

Bo = 1.29 bbl/STB; ct = 12*10-6psi-1
Pwf(t=0)=2450 psig
Table 2.1
t, hours
0.00
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.40
0.80
1.00
1.50
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.50
8.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
110.00

2400
10,000

1,000

100
starting
time

10

Horner Time Ratio

Figure 2.1. Horner Plot

Pws, psig
2450
2565
2620
2750
2800
2840
2880
2930
3000
3050
3100
3130
3145
3152
3160
3165
3185
3196
3205
3213
3220
3222.5
3224
3225.2
3226
3226.5

From figure 2.1

m 65 psia / cycle

Permeability is computed from

q
k 162.6
mh
k 162.6 *

220 * 1.29 * 0.85

18.8md
65 * 32

Transmissibility is estimated from

k *h
T

(2.1)

(2.2)

18.8 * 32
707md * pie / cp
0.85

tp
must
be
estimated
from
data
tp=9075*24/220=990 hours, then Horner ratio for
tp1hr=991 and p1hr from figure 2.1 is 3,105 psia.
Skin factor is computed from

p1hr p wf
k
s 1.1513
log
2
m

ct rw

3.23 (2.3)

3,105 2,464

18.8
3.23
s 1.1513
log
6
2

65

0.1 * .85 *12 *10 * 0.25

s 5.3

Wellbore Storage coefficient is

t * K * h
C
0.14 s
170,000 * * e

DF 1 0.65 0.35 35%

These values show that the area next to the
wellbore is damaged S> 0, FE < 1, DR> 1, and DF
> 0.
The afterflow duration is calculated looking for the
starting time in Horner Plot. The Horner time ratio
is 200, t p =990 then the time is:
tp t
200
t

(2.4)

t 4.52 hours

t is the starting time. In Horner plot figure 2.1 the

Horner time ratio for TSSL is 200 then t =4.97
hours and C is:

Miller-Dyes-Hutchinson method MDH

4.97 *18.8 * 32
C
0.0098bbl / psia
0.14*5.3
170,000 * 0.85 * e

MDH method indicates that a plot of pws vs t

should be a straight line with slope m. Permeability
can be estimated from:

Flow efficiency, damage radio and damage factor

are estimated from:

p s
FE 1
(2.5)
p * p wf (t 0)
From figure 2.1 p*=3320 psia, pwf=2,464.7 psia
and ps is estimated from:

From figure 2.2

162.6 * q * B *
m*h

(2.9)

Miller Dyes Hutchinson (MDH)

3400

3200
m=64

(2.6)
Pws (psi)

p s 0.87 * m * s

3000

p s 0.87 * 65 * 5.3 300.045

2800

2600

2400

Now it is possible to calculate FE

FE 1

2200

300.045
0.65 65%
3,320 2,464.7

DR

1
FE

DR

1
1.54 154%
0.65

DF 1 FE

2000
0.01

0.10

1.00

10.00
Shut in time Hours strarting
time=8

Figure 2.2 MDH plot

(2.7)

m 64 psia / cycle

k 162.6 *

(2.8)

220 * 1.29 * 0.85

19.1md
64 * 32

100.00
End
time=60

1000.00

The skin factor can be estimated from

p1hr p wf
k
s 1.1513
log
2
m
ct rw

3.23

(2.10)
3,105 2,464

19.1
3.23
s 1.1513
log

6
2
0.1 * .85 *12 *10 * 0.25
64

s 5.47
Of the semilog straight line (Figure 2.2) the starting
time and end time are respectively: 8 and 60 hours.
Table . Comparative analysis
Method
K
s
md
Horner

18.8

5.3

MDH

19.1

5.47

The results are very similar. Horner and MDH

methods are more reliable and the values are very
close.