www.bankejozve.

ir

09376200601

:
( :
:

( y )dy + g ( x ) dx = 0

f .

)1) y = ( 3 x 1)( 2 y + 1

dy
)= ( 3x 1)( 2 y + 1
dx
dy
1
dy ( 3x 1) dx = 0

= ( 3 x 1) dx
2
y
1
2
y
1
+
+
(
)
.

2) y + ay + b = 0
dy
dy
+ ay + b = 0
= ay b
dx
dx
.

1 1
+ )dy = 0
y2 y

3) xydx + y 2 1 + 1 dy = 0 xdx + ( y

dy
= x 2 y + xy 3
dx

4) y = x 2 y + xy 3

.
:

f ( y ) dy + g ( x ) dx = 0
.
: .

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
1
+ 2)dy = 0
y

1) ( 2x 3 ) dx + (3 y 2 +

1
+ 2)dy = 0
y

2
2
x

3
dx
+
(
3
y
(
)

x 2 3x + y 3 + ln y + 2 y = c

y
dy = 0
x
x :

2) 3 x y 2 + 1 dx +

3 x 2 y 2 + 1 dx + dy = 0

+ 1

y :

y
dy = 0
y 2 +1

3x 2dx +

y
1
3
dy
=
x
+
ln y 2 + 1 = c
2
y +1
2
x 1
= 3) y
2y 3
dy
x 1
=
( x 1) dx = ( 2 y 3 ) dy
dx 2 y 3
2
3x dx +

x2
( x 1) dx = ( 2 y 3 ) dy
x y 2 3y = c
2
1 2
x x y 2 + 3y = c
2

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
x

4) y =

y 2 1+ x 2
dy
x
xdx
=
y 2dy =
dx y 2 1 + x 2
1+ x 2
.

y3
y dy =

= 1+ x 2 + c
3
1+ x 2
5) ( x 1) cos ydy = 2x sin ydx
xdx

cos y
2x
dy =
dx
sin y
x 1
.

2
cos y
dy
2
=
(
+
sin y
x 1)dx
ln sin y = 2x + 2 ln x 1 + c

6) y 2 1 dx ( 2 y + xy ) dy = 0

(y

1 dx y ( 2 + x ) dy = 0 y 2 1 dx = y ( 2 + x ) dy

1
dx
y
= 2 dy ln x + 2 = ln y 2 1 + c
2 + x y 1
2
y = F ( ax + by + c ) u = ax + by :
.
. :

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
1) y = ( y + 4x 1)

u = y + 4x 1 u = y + 4 y = u 4
u 4 = u2 u = y + 4 , u =

du
dx

du
du
=u2 + 4 2
= dx
dx
u +4

u
1
1
du
=
dx

= x +c
arctan
u2 + 4

2
2
1
y + 4x 1
arctan(
) = x +c
2
2
dy
= cos ( x + y ) 1
2)
dx
u = x + y u = 1+ y y = u 1
du
u 1 = cosu 1 u = cosu , u =
dx
du
du
1
= cosu
= dx
du = dx secudu = x + c
dx
cosu
cosu
ln secu + tan u = ln sec ( x + y ) + tan ( x + y ) = x + c

10

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
3) ( 2x + 3 y 1) dx + ( 2x + 3 y + 2) dy = 0
u 2
3

= u = 2x + 3 y u = 2 + 3 y y

u 2 u 1
3u + 3
3u + 3
3u + 3 + 2u + 4
=
= u2
= u
=+2
3
u +2
u +2
u +2
u +2
du u + 7
u +2
du = dx

dx
u +2
u + 7
9
)du = dx
(1 +
u + 7
u 9 ln u + 7 = x + c 2x 3 y 9 ln 7 2x 3 y = x + c
( :

: ) f ( x , y n ) (tx ,ty ) = t n f ( x , y
, y , x

t .

: = 0

( x , y )dx + N ( x , y ) dy

) (x , y ) , M (x , y
: ) y = f ( x , y ) ( x , y
) . f (tx ,ty ) = f ( x , y
N .

1) x 2 + y 2 dx xydy = 0

N ( x , y ) = xy

M (x , y ) = x 2 + y 2

M (tx ,ty ) = (tx ) + (ty ) = t 2x 2 + t 2 y 2 = t 2 x 2 + y 2

2

) = t 2M ( x , y

) N (tx , ty ) = (tx )(ty ) = t 2xy = t 2N ( x , y

11

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
x2 y2
2) y = 2
x + y2

) tx ) (ty ) t 2x 2 t 2 y 2 t ( x y
(
= 2 2 2 2= 2 2
(tx ,ty ) = 2
2
) (tx ) + (ty ) t x + t y t ( x + y 2
2

x2 y2
= 2
) = f ( x , y
x + y2
y
3) x sin( ) + ydy = 0
x
y
M ( x , y ) = x sin( ) , N ( x , y ) = y
x
ty
y
) M (tx ,ty ) = tx sin( ) = tx sin( ) = tM ( x , y
tx
x
) N (tx ,ty ) = ty = tN ( x , y

4) ( ln y ln x ) dx + 3xdy = 0

y
M ( x , y ) = ln y ln x = ln( ) , N ( x , y ) = 3 x
x
ty
y
) M (tx , ty ) = ln( ) = ln( ) = M ( x , y
tx
x
) N (tx ,ty ) = 3tx = t ( 3x ) = tN ( x , y


:

y
x

z . :

dy = xdz + zdx

y = xz dy
dz
=
x
+ z y = xz + z
dx
dx

12

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601

. x 2 + y 2 dx xydy = 0 :
:

y = xz , dy = xdz + zdx

x 2 + x 2z 2 dx x 2z ( xdz + zdx ) = 0

x 2 1 + z 2 dx x 3 zdz x 2z 2dx = 0
x 2dx + x 2z 2dx x 3 zdz x 2z 2dz = 0
dx
x 2
dx xzdz = 0

= zdz
x
1 y
z2
y
ln x =
+ c , z = ln x + ( )2 + c
2
2 x
x
. y =

f (x , y ) =

x y
x+y

x y
tx ty t ( x y ) x y
f (tx ,ty ) =
=
=
= f (x , y )
x+y
tx + ty t ( x + y ) x + y

: y

= xz , y = xz + z

x xz 1 z
dz 1 z
dz 1 z z z 2
=
x
=
z x
=
xz + z =
x + xz 1 + z
dx 1 + z
dx
1+ z
dx
1+ z
1

dz
ln 1 2z z 2 = ln x + c
2
1 2z z
x
2
1
y
y
ln 1 2( ) ( )2 = ln x + c
2
x
x

(x

. :

xy + y 2 dx xydy = 0

13

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09376200601
) N ( x , y ) , M ( x , y 2
.

y = xz dy = zdx + xdz

x 2 x ( zx ) + ( zx ) dx x ( zx )( zdx + xdz ) = 0
2

x
x 2dx zx 2dx + z 2x 2dx x 2z 2dx x 3 zdz = 0
dx zdx xzdz = 0
dx
z
(1 z ) dx = xzdz
=
dz
x 1 z
1
dx
)dz

= (1 +
1 z
x
y
y
ln x = z ln 1 z + c ln x = ln 1 + c
x
x

( a1x + b1 y + c1 ) y = a2x + b2 y + c2

a1b2 b1a2 0 = x + k , v = y + h

u -

.
: .

dy
2x y + 1
=
dx
x +y

14

)1

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
a1b2 a2b1 = 2 ( 1) = 3 0 u = x + k , v = y + h
x = u k , y =v h
2u v ( 2k h 1)
dy dv
2u 2k v + h + 1
=
=
=
dx du
u k +v h
u +v ( k + h )
2k h 1 = 0
1
1
3k = 1 k = , h =

3
3
k + h = 0
v
2u v
dv

=
= u
v
du
u +v
1+
u
2

(I )

v

u
dv
dz
2 z
dz 2 + z
2 + z z z 2
= z +u
=
u
=
z =
du
du
1+ z
du
1+ z
1+ z
2 z 2
=
1+ z
z +1
du
z +1
1
2 dz =
2 dz = du
z +2
u
z +2
u
1
1
z
arctan
ln z 2 + 2 +
= ln u + c
2
2
2
v 3 y 1
1
: z = =
, u = x +
u 3x + 1
3
1
3 y 1 2
1
1 3 y 1
1
ln (
) +2 +
arctan (
) = ln x + + c
2
3x + 1
3
2
2 3x + 1
2) ( x + 2 y ) dx + ( y 1) dy = 0
:

( I ) u

.v = zu z

dy
x + 2y
=
dx
y 1

15

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
a1b2 a2b1 = 1 2 = 3 0 = y + h , u = x + k
. = v h , x = u k

v -

y:

) u + 2k ( k + 2h
dv
u k + 2v 2h
=
=
du
v h 1
)v ( h + 1

k + 2h = 0
:
= 2 , h = 1
h
1
0
+
=

k . :

dv
u + 2v
u
=
= 2
du
v
v

v
u

z:

2z 1 z 2
dz
dz
1
1
= 2 u
= = 2 z
z +u
du
z
du
z
z
)dz ( z + 1
z
du
u
=

dz
2
du
z
u
)( z + 1
2

z + 11
1
1
=

dz
du
dz
du
2
2

u
u
)( z + 1
)( z + 1
z

: = 0
) = f (x , y

1
1
ln z + 1 +
= ln u + c
z +1
2
1 y 1
1
u = x +2

+
+
= ln x + 2 + c
ln
1
y 1
=z

y
1
+
x
2
2
x +1
+1
x +2

( x , y )dx + N ( x , y ) dy

f
f
= N (x , y ) ,
) = M (x , y
y
x

( x , y ) = c
16

f.

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
: M ( x , y )dx + N ( x , y ) dy = 0

1
: + 3)dy = 0
y

( y 2x + 1)dx + (x

M N
=
y
x

M
M ( x , y ) = y 2x + 1
=1
M N

=

1

,
N
x
y
x
3
y
x
=

(
)
N

=1
y

x
2 + ye xy
= y .
:
2 y xe xy

dy
2 + ye xy
xy
xy
=

2
y

xe
dy
=
2
+
ye
(
)
(
)dx
dx 2 y xe xy

xy

M
x
,
y
2
ye
(
)

(2 y xe xy )dy + ( 2 ye xy )dx = 0
xy
) N ( x , y ) = (2 y xe
M
xy
xy
x = e yxe
M N

= e xy xye xy
x

ydx + x + y 2 dy = 0 .

M
x = 1 M N
M ( x , y ) = y

x
N
x
,
y
=
x
+
y
)

(
=1
x

17

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601

) (x , y

= N (x , y ) = y 2

) f ( x , y
= y
x

) (y

) f ( x , y
y

) f ( x , y
= M (x , y ) = y
x

x y .

) f ( x , y
) x dx = ydx f ( x , y ) = yx + h ( y

h y . :

y3
= ) h( y ) = y h ( y
3

) (y

(x , y ) = x + h

(x , y ) = x + y 2

(x , y ) = N
y

y3
f ( x , y ) = yx +
3
1 3
f ( x , y ) = c . xy + y = c
3
xy 2 1
= y .
:
1 x 2 y

18

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
dy xy 2 1
2
2
=

xy

dx
+

+
x
y dy = 0
1
1
dx 1 x 2 y

M
y = 2xy
M ( x , y ) = xy 1
M N

2
N

y
y

N ( x , y ) = 1 + x y
= 2xy
y
2

f ( x , y )
f ( x , y )
dx = xy 2 1 dx
= x 2 y 1
x
x
x 2y 2
f (x , y ) =
x +h(y )
2
f ( x , y )
= x 2 y + h ( y ) = x 2 y 1 h ( y ) = 1 h ( y ) = y
y

x 2y 2
x y =c
f (x , y ) = c f (x , y ) =
2

. cos ydx + y 2 x sin y dy = 0 :

19

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
M
y = sin y
M ( x , y ) = cos y

2
N ( x , y ) = y x sin y
N = sin y
y
f ( x , y )

= cos y

f ( x , y )

x
x
f ( x , y ) = x cos y + h ( y )
f

( x , y ) = x sin y + h
y

(x , y ) = N
y

dx = cos ydx

(y )

y3
h( y ) = y h ( y ) =
3
2

( x , y ) = y 2 x sin y

y3
f ( x , y ) = c x cos y +
=c
3

. :
. :

1
ydx + ln ( 2x 2) + dy = 0
y

1
M
=
x

1
(
)
y
1
M ( x , y ) = ( x 1) y

2
2
1

N
=
=
=

1
N ( x , y ) = ln (2x 2) +
x 2x 2 2 ( x 1) x 1
y

x
1
=

(
)

( x 1)

: .

20

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
f ( x , y )

= ( x 1) y
1

f ( x , y )

x
x
f ( x , y ) = y ln ( x 1) + h ( y )

dx = ( x 1) ydx
1

f ( x , y )
= ln ( x 1) + h ( y )

f ( x , y )
1
1
N
x
,
y
ln
2
x
2
ln
2
x
1
=
=

+
=

+
(
)
(
)
(
)

y
y
y

1
= ln 2 + ln ( x 1) +
y

1
h ( y ) = ln 2 + h ( y ) = y ln 2 + ln y
y
f ( x , y ) = y ln ( x 1) + h ( y ) + y ln 2 + ln y = c

( 3x

. :

+ 2 y sin 2x dx + 2 sin 2 x + 3 y 2 dy = 0

M
y = 2 sin 2x
M ( x , y ) = 3x + 2 y sin 2x

2
2
N
x
,
y
2
sin
x
3
y
=
+
)
N = 4 sin x cos x = 2 sin 2x
(
x

2

f ( x , y )
f ( x , y )
= 3x 2 + 2 y sin 2x
dx = 3 x 2 + 2 y sin 2x dx
x
x
f ( x , y ) = x 3 y cos 2x + h ( y )

(x , y )
y

= cos 2x + h ( y )

(x , y ) = N
y

(1 cos 2x = 2sin x )

( x , y ) = 2sin2 x + 3 y 2 = 1 cos 2x + 3 y 2
21

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
h ( y ) = 1+ 3 y 2 h ( y ) = y + y 3

f ( x , y ) = x 3 y cos 2x + y + y 3 = c
:

: ) h ( x , y M ( x , y ) dx + N (x , y )dy = 0
) h ( x , y

1
x 2y 2

= ) (x , y

ydx + x + x 2 y dy = 0.

ydx + x + x 2 y dy = 0

N (x , y ) = x + x 2y

M (x , y ) = y

N
= 1 + 2xy
x

) ( x , y

M
=1
y

h :

) )

1
1
1
1
2
(
)dy = 0
ydx
+
x
+
x
y
dy
=
dx
+
+
x 2y 2
x 2y
xy 2 y
1
1
1
, N (x , y ) = 2 +
M (x , y ) = 2
x y
xy
y

x 2
1
= 4 2= 2 2
x y
x y

M
x 2
=
y
x 2y

N
y 2
1
=
=
2
x
x 2y 2
xy 2

. ) ( x , y

h .

22

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
My Nx

(1
g ( x )dx

x ) ( x

h ( x ) = e.

My Nx

(2
k ( y )dy

y ) ( y

h ( y ) = e.

N
M
= Nx ,
=My
x
y

: ydx + x 2 y x dy = 0 .

N (x , y ) = x 2 y x

M (x , y ) = y

N
= 2xy 1
x
) 2 (1 xy
1 2xy + 1 2 2xy
2
=
=
=

) = g (x
x 2y x
) x 2 y x x (1 xy
x

M
=1
y
My Nx
N

2
2
g ( x )dx
1
x dx

=e
= e 2 ln x = e ln x = x 2 = 2
h (x ) = e
x

1
x2

= ) (x

h :

y
) (x 2 y x
y
1
dx
+
dy
=
0

dx
+
(
y

)dy = 0
x2
x2
x2
x
1
M
y

=
M
x
,
y
=
(
)
y

x2
x2

1
N ( x , y ) = y
N = 1

x x 2
x

) ( x , y

f :

23

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09376200601
f
1
f
y
= y = N (x , y ) ,
= 2 = M (x , y )
x
x
y x
f ( x , y )
y x
y
f
dx = 2 dx
= 2

x
x x
x
y
=
+ h ( y ) = f (x , y )
x
f ( x , y )
1
= + h ( y )
x
y
f ( x , y )
y

1
y2
= N ( x , y ) = y h ( y ) = y h ( y ) =
x
2

y y2
f (x , y ) = +
+c
x
2
. y ( x + y ) dx + ( x + 2 y 1) dy = 0 :
M
y = x + 2 y
M ( x , y ) = yx + y 2

N
x
,
y
x
2
y
1
=
+

(
)

=1
x
M y N x x + 2y 1
dx

=
= 1= g (x ) h (x ) = e = e x
N
x + 2y 1
.

(1 xy ) y + y 2 + 3 xy 3 = 0 :

24

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
dy
+ y 2 + 3xy 3 = 0
dx
( y 2 + 3 xy 3 )dx + (1 xy ) dy = 0

(1 xy )

= 2 y + 9xy 2
2
9xy 2 + 3 y
y
M y N x 2 y + 9xy + y
=
=

2
3
M
N
y + 3xy
3 xy 2 + y 2

= y

x
3 y ( 3xy + 1)
3
=
= = k (y )
2
y
y ( 3 xy + 1)

h(y ) =e

k ( y )dy

=e

y dy

= e ln y = y 3 =

1
y3
:

My Nx
yN xM

. h ( z ) = e
. ( y

= f ( x , y ) ( 1
f ( z )dz

, z = xy

+ x 4 y 2 )dx + xdy = 0 :

M
N
= 1 + 2x 4 y
=1
,
y
x
My Nx
1 + 2x 4 y 1
2x 4 y
2

=
=
=

yN xM xy xy x 5 y 2 x 5 y 2
xy
dz
1
1

h = e z = e 2ln z = 2 h ( x , y ) = 2 2
z
x y
2

. h

25

( x , y )

www.bankejozve.ir

09376200601
1
1
4 2
(
)
y
x
y
dx
xdy = 0
+
+
x2 y2
x2 y2

( y + x4 y2 )dx + xdy = 0

1
1
2
)
x
dx
dy = 0
+
+
x2 y
xy2

M
1
N
1
= 2 2 ,
= 2 2
xy
xy
y
x
: )f ( x, y

f
) = N ( x, y
y

f
) = M ( x, y
x

f
1
1 x3
2
) x dx = M ( x, y) dx = ( x2 y + x )dx = xy + 3 + h ( y) = f ( x, y
f
1

= 2 + h ( y )
x xy

h ( y ) = 0 h ( y ) = c
1
N ( x, y ) = 2

xy
1 x3
+
=c
xy 3

(2 = f x2 + y2

, z = x2 + y2

M y Nx

) 2 ( xN yM

f ( z)dz

( z ) = e

: x2 )dy = 0

h .

( x xy) dx + ( y + .

26

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09376200601
M
y = x

= 2x
x
M y Nx
3
1
x 2x
3 x
=
=
=

2 ( xN yM ) 2 yx + x3 xy + xy2
2 x2 + y2
2 x3 + xy2

( )

3
2 2

x
(3 ) ( = f
y
x

y

=, z

f ( z )dz

+y

(x

= ) h ( x, y

) y2 ( M y Nx
xM + yN

( z ) = e

3
2

3
ln z
2

=e

3 dz
2 z

h ( z) = e

h .

: dx xydy = 0

4 y .

M
y = 8 y

N = y
x
y2 (9 y) 9 y3
y
=
=
=3
2
2
3 xy
3 xy
x

x

y

) )y2 ( 8 y ( y
4 xy2 xy2

= z:
3

dz
3

h ( z ) = e z = e3 ln z = eln z = z3 h ( x, y ) =

27

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09376200601
y
(4 ) ( = f
x

y
x

=, z

f ( z )dz

) x2 ( M y Nx
xM + yN

( z ) = e

) , M ( x, y

h .

:x

)( x, y

, : x y

+ y dx + x2 y 2x dy = 0

x y

( xy

x y xy2 + y dx + x2 y 2x dy = 0

+ x y +1 dx + x +2 y +1 2x +1 dy = 0

(x

+1 +2

M
+1 +1

y = ( + 2) x y + ( + 1) x y
M N
,
=

y
x
N = ( + 2) x +1 y +1 2( + 1) x y
x
+ 2 = + 2
= 0 =

+ 1 = 2( + 1) + 2 = 3 + 2 = 3 = = 1
1
= h ( x, y) = x y = x1 y1
xy
: y (2 3 xy ) dx xdy = 0

28

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09376200601
x y ( y ( 2 3 xy) ) dx x y xdy = 0

( 2x

y +1 3 x +1 y +2 dx x +1 y dy = 0

M
= 2 ( + 1) x y 3 ( + 2) x +1 y +1
y
N
= ( + 1) x y
x
2 ( + 1) = ( + 1) 2( 2 + 1) = ( + 1) = 1
h ( x, y ) = x y = xy2

3 ( + 2) = 0 + 2 = 0 = 2

(
)
(
)
(2x y + 3 y) dx + ( x y x) dy = 0
x y (2x y + 3 y ) dx + x y ( x y x) dy = 0
(2x y + 3 x y ) dx + ( x y x y ) dy = 0
.

y 2x2 y3 + 3 dx + x x2 y3 1 dy = 0 :

+2

+4

+1

+3

+3

+1

M
+2 +3

2
4
x
y
3
1
x
y
=

+
+

+
(
)
(
)
y
2 ( + 4 ) = + 3

3 ( + 1) = ( + 1)
= ( + 3 ) x +2 y +3 ( + 1) x y
x
7
9

7
9

5
= , = h ( x, y ) = x y = x y 5
5
5

. y +

p ( x) y = q ( x) :

: h

y=

( x) = e

1
q ( x) h ( x) dx + c

h ( x)
29

p( x)dx

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09376200601
. y +

2
sin x
y= 2
x
x

p
x
=
(
)
2

x
xdx
2ln x
ln x2
h
x
e
e
e

=
=
=
= x2
( )

q ( x) = sin x

x
1 sin x 2
1
y = 2
x dx + c = 2 ( cos x + c )
x x
x
. y + y cot x = 2 cos x :
cos x
p ( x) = cot x
cot xdx
sin x dx

h ( x) = e
=e
= elnsin x = sin x

q ( x) = 2 cos x
1
= 1
cos
sin
2
x
xdx
c
y=
+
sin x sin 2 xdx + c
sin x
1 1

=
cos 2x + c
sin x 2

x
. y + 2 y = e :

p ( x) = 2
p( x)dx = e 2dx = e2 x
h
x
e

=
(
)

x
q ( x) = e
1
1
1 1
y = 2 x e xe2xdx + c = 2x e 3 xdx + c = 2x ( e3 x + c)
e
e 3
e
. y xy = x , y (0) = 0 :

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09376200601
x
p ( x) = x

p( x)dx
xdx

h ( x) = e
=e
=e 2

q ( x) = x
x2
x2
x2
x2

1
y = x2 xe 2 dx + c = e 2 (e 2 + c ) = 1 + ce 2

e 2
2

y (0) = 0 0 = 1 + c c = 1 y = e

1 2
x
2

dy
+ y = 3 xsec x :
dx
. tan x
. tan x

1
dy
1
sec x
cos x
+
y = 3x
y + cot xy = 3 x
sin x
dx tan x
tan x
cos x
y + cot xy = 3 x csc x

cos x
p ( x) = cot x
cot xdx
sin x dx

h ( x) = e
=e
= elnsin x = sin x

q ( x) = 3 x csc x
1
= 1 3 xdx + c
y=
3
x
x
xdx
+
c
csc
.sin
sin x

sin x
1 3 x2
+ c)
y=
(
sin x 2

. y +

p ( x) y = q ( x) yn
n

: . y

( n 0,1)

y n y + p ( x) y1n = q ( x)
. z =

31

(1 n ) yy n z = y1n

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09376200601
z
)+ p ( x) y1 n = q ( x
) (1 n

)z + (1 n ) p ( x) y1n = (1 n ) q ( x
.

y
: = x2 y3
x

y + .

1 2
y3 y = x2
x
z 1
2
z = y2 z = 2 yy3 + z = x2 z z = 2 x2
2 x
x
1
: y + y = xy .
x
1
1

1
y + y = xy2 y 2 .
x
1
1
1
1
1
1

1 1 2
1 2
1 2
2 +
2
2
y y
y = x y y + y = x , z = y z = yy
2
x
x
1
1
1
z 1 2
x
x
= + y = x z + z
= ) p ( x
= ), q ( x
1 x
2x
2
2x
2
2
y +

y :

= x

ln x2

=e

1
ln x
2

=e

2 x dx

h ( x) = e

1 x
1
x

+
+
.
x
dx
c
dx
c

2
x
x 2

=z

1 x2

1 x2
2
2
=
+
,
=

=
(
+
)
c
z
y
y
z
y
c

x 4

x 4

dy
.
: y = xy2
dx

32

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09376200601

y :

y2 y y1 = x , z = y1 z = 1yy2
z
z = x z + z = x p ( x) = 1 , q ( x) = x
1
1dx
h ( x) = e = e x
1
1
x

(1 x) e x + c = 1 x + ce x
xe
dx
c

+
=
x
x
e
e

= z

1
= 1 x + ce x
y

xe

: y)dx + 2xdy = 0

.
5

(2xy .

2 xy5 dx ydx + 2 xdy = 0 ydx + 2 xdy = 2 xy5

dy y

= y5
dx 2 x
5
y :

dy y4
y

= 1 z = y4 , z = 4 yy5
dx 2x
z z
2
2

= 1 z + z = 4 p ( x) = , q ( x) = 4
4 2x
x
x
5

= e2ln x = eln x = x2

dx

=e

xdx

h ( x) = e

1
1 4 3

+
=
+
4
x
dx
c
x
c

x2 3
x2
1 4

y4 = 2 x3 + c
x 3

=z

33

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09376200601
: )f ( y ) y + f ( y ) p ( x) = q ( x

) u = f ( y ) z = f ( y f ( y ) y
)zp ( x) = q ( x

= z

z + .

: y = x + 1

y cos y + sin .

z = sin y y cos y

= z :

z + z = x + 1

34