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Textbook Reference Solutions
(3) This was in striking contrast to the ideals that the revolution espoused. When
the Jacobins came to power, they were welcomed, but their policies were too
harsh and this gave way yet again to the rise of the wealthier middle classes.
(4) The political instability of these regimes finally led to the rise of Napoleon.
(5) However, throughout these coups, ideals of freedom, equality and fraternity
remained paramount in the French political movement.
OR (Write The other answer given at the end)
Q: 6 How would you explain the rise of Napoleon?
Answer (1) The rise of Napoleon came right after the fall of the Directory in 1796.
The Directors often clashed with the legislative councils, who then made attempts
to dismiss them.
(2) The Directory was highly politically unstable; hence, Napoleon rose to power
as a military dictator.
(3) Earlier, the Jacobins had overthrown King Louis XVI and established
governance on their own module; but Robespierres administration was too harsh
and relentless.
(4) Napoleon crowned himself the Emperor in 1804 and abolished dynasties. He
viewed himself as a moderniser of Europe and was rightly seen as a liberator
who introduced a uniform system of weights and measures, introduced laws to
protect private property, etc.
(5) However, his quest for power led to his ultimate downfall with his defeat at
Waterloo in 1815.
Answer 5 Though after the French Revolution the Republic of France was
established and equality became one of its guiding principles, the message of
Universal Rights was beset with contradictions.
1.
The suffrage was not granted to the women and the Declaration of
Rights of Man and Citizen didnt proved fruitful at all.
2.
The citizen having no property were deprived of this right as well.
3.
Only the people whop belonged to the highest bracket of tax payer were
granted the right to vote.
4.
The France under Robespierre passed through a period (from 17931794) of the Reign of Terror. Robespierre pursued his policies so
relentlessly that even his supporters began to demand moderation.
5.
With the fall of the Jacobin government the power in France passed into
the hands of the wealthier middle classes. A new constitution was
introduced which denied non-propertied sections of society the right to
vote. Finally the clash between the Directory and the two legislative
councils led to the rise of a military dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte.