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Sabrina Avery

ECE1.Applychilddevelopmenttheorytopractice

Alltheinformationweknowaboutchilddevelopmentisrootedin
developmentaltheories.Overmanyyears,psychologistsandotherscientistshave
developedtheoriestoexplainobservationsanddiscoveriesaboutchild
development.SometheoristsareSigmundFreud,ErikEriksonandJeanPiaget
whohaveallobservedandjournalizeddifferentagesofchildren.Freudbelieved
thatthewayparentsdealtwiththeirchildsbasicsexualandaggressivedesires
woulddeterminehowthechildspersonalitydeveloped.ErikEriksonbelieved
childrenexperienceconflictsthataffectdevelopment.Hebelievedtheseconflicts
arebasedonwitherdevelopingapsychologicalqualityorfailingtodevelopthat
quality.Ericksonhadeightdifferentstagesstartingwithinfancybeingthetrustvs.
mistrust.Accordingtohistheory,successfulcompletionofeachstageresultsina
healthypersonalityandunderstandingthebasicvirtues.Healsobelievedthatthe
failuretosuccessfullycompleteastagecouldresultinbadresultsinthefurther
stages.Thesestagescanberesolvessuccessfullythroughoutlifebutisbestto
learnthemfrominfancyuptomaturity.ErikEriksonstheoryinfluencesmylife
becauseIwantenjoychildrentomeetthesestagesandmakesuretheyhaveallthe
advantagestheyneedtogrowandlearn.Thisalsohelpsmetounderstandand
knowwhattoexceptfromchildrenastheylearnanddiscovernewthings.Jean
Piagetbelievedthatearlycognitivedevelopmentoccursthroughaprocesswhere
actionspromptthoughtprocessed,whichinfluencetheactionsthenexttime
around.Frombirthtoadolescence,constructiveplayisveryimportantfor
childrensintellectual,emotional,socialandphysicaldevelopment.Thegoalof
thetheoryistoexplaintheprocesseswiththeinfanttothechildandhowthey
developintosomeonewhocanreasonandthinkusinghypotheses.Hebelieved

thateachchildgoesthroughstagesinthesameordermaybenotthesametime,but
thechildhotthemallwithoutmissingany.Thesestagesofdevelopmentwere
sensorimotorages02,preoperationalages27yearsold,concreteoperational
ages711yearsoldandformaloperationalagesbeing11yearsandbeyond.While
duringplay,childrenexpandtheirintelligence,theirknowledgeandunderstandof
theworldaroundthem.Havingconstructiveplayintheclassroomstimulatesthe
childsimaginationwhileencouragingcreativeproblemsolvingskills.Children
developgrossmotorskillsaswellasfinemotorskillssuchaseyehand
coordination.Playalsoprepareschildrenforacademiclearningandbuilds
steppingstonesinthefoundationofadultpersonalitywhilefuelingchildrens
imaginationandsparkscreativity.

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