Scaffold User in Construction

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2010 Grainger Safety Services, Inc.

Learning Objectives
Objectives:

OSHA Standard for Scaffold

users, 29 CFR 1926.454(a)

Procedures for dealing with

Hazards

Proper use of scaffolds

Proper material handling

Agenda
Agenda:

Overview

Scaffold types

Terminology

Associated hazards

Proper use

Your responsibilities

Section 1

Overview
of the Issue

Scaffold Use in Construction

Scaffold prevention:

4500 injuries annually

50 deaths annually

$90 million in workdays

Categories
Three major scaffolds:

Supported

Suspended

Other

What does OSHA have to say?

Key elements:

Fall protection, fall arrest systems

Guardrail height

Crossbracing, midrails and footings

Platforms, guying ties, and capacity

Training

Inspections

Erecting and dismantling

The Competent Person

Duties include:

Select and direct employees

Determine safe work conditions

Training

Inspections

The Qualified Person

Duties include:

Design and load scaffold

Training

Design rigging for suspension

scaffolds

Design platforms less than 36

Engineer
Must design:

Direct connection of masons multi-point

adjustable suspension scaffolds

Pole scaffolds over 60 feet tall

Tube and coupler scaffolds over

125 feet tall

Employee Training
Training includes:

Electrical, fall, and falling objects hazards

How to deal with hazards

Proper use of scaffolds

Maximum intended load

Other pertinent information

Section 2

Types of
Scaffolds

Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:

Over 25 different types in use

Most common include fabricated,

supported frame or system
scaffolds

Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:

Plasterers, decorators, and large area scaffolds

Bricklayers square scaffolds

Horse scaffolds

Form scaffolds

Roof bracket scaffolds

Outrigger scaffolds (one level)

Pump and window jack

scaffolds

Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:

Step, platform and trestle ladder

Single point adjustable suspension

Two point adjustable suspension

Catenary scaffolds

Float (ship) scaffolds

Interior hung scaffolds

Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:

Needle beam scaffolds

Multi-level suspension scaffolds

Mobile scaffolds

Repair bracket scaffolds

Stilts

Tank builder scaffolds

Types of Scaffolds
Scaffolds:

Many different scaffolds in workplace

Choice is based on work to be performed

Erection done only b trained professional

Section 3

Scaffold
Terminology

Scaffold Terminology
Terminology:

What is a scaffold?

What is a platform?

What is a brace?

What is a stair tower?

What is a runner, ledger or

ribbon?

What is a bearer?

What are mud sills and base

plates?

Scaffold Terminology
Terminology:

What is a scaffold Competent Person?

What is a scaffold Qualified Person?

What is the Maximum Intended Load?

What is a Rated Load?

Section 4

Hazards
Associated with
Scaffold Use

Hazards Associated with Scaffold Use

Hazards:

Electrical hazards

Fall hazards

Falling objects

Electrical Hazards Overhead Power Lines

Clearance for insulated lines:

<300v = minimum 3 feet

300v to 50kv = minimum 10 feet

>50kv = 10 feet + .4 inches for

each kv over 50

Clearance for non-insulated lines:

Less than 50kv = minimum 10

feet

>50kv = 10 feet + .4 inches for

each kv over 50

Fall Hazards
Protection:

Install guardrails

Employ use of harness and

lanyard (personal fall arrest
system)

Fall Hazards
Guardrail systems:

Height between 38 and 45

inches

Withstand 200 pounds of force

Falling Objects Protection Systems

Falling objects protection:

Hard hats

Toe boards

Safety screens or guardrails

Debris nets, catch platforms, or

canopy structures

Section 5

Proper Use of
Scaffolds

Proper Use of Scaffolds

Basic ground rules:

Never overload scaffolds

Always inspect scaffolds prior to use

Repair, replace, or remove from service

Competent or qualified individual supervises the

erection, installation, repair, or relocation of
scaffolds

Basic Safety Issues for Work on Scaffolds

Be aware of:

Weather conditions

Debris

Makeshift devices to gain height

Ladders in use on platforms

Load within capacity of scaffold

What is Wrong with this Picture?

What do you think of this scaffold design?

Planks not cleated or secured

No guardrails

Greater than 14 inch gap between scaffold and

building

What is Wrong with this Picture?

What do you think?

No midrails

No toeboards

No mesh

Safety lines not tied to proper

anchorage

Section 6

Your
Responsibilities

Your Responsibilities
You should:

Understand power lines within 10 feet

Appropriate scaffolding inspection

Properly install mud sills and base plates

Guardrails and platforms secured in place

Conditions of decking or planks

Your Responsibilities
Also:

Know the maximum intended

load for each unit

Know debris removal policy while

on scaffolds

Monitor weather conditions

Worker training