Operational Definitions

Adult Behavior
Environmental Arrangement-Adult arranges the environment by either moving the object of interest
into or out of the childs line of vision in order to promote child communication
Time Delay-Adult waits at least 3 seconds when a request or prompt is made in order to elicit child
communication
Modeling-Adult uses no more than 2 words to describe an activity, action, or toy that will help to label
what the childs attention is on to promote child communication
Presenting a Choice-Adult presents the child with 2 physical play objects to provide an opportunity for
child choice making
Child Behavior
Gesture-Pointing, eye gaze, signing, or touching (object or person) indicating a request or choice
Vocalization-Any sound, word approximation, or word used to request or make a choice

Resources
Kaiser, A.P., & Roberts, M.Y. (2013). Parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching with
preschool children who have intellectual disabilities. Journal of Speech, Language, and
Hearing Research, 56(1), 295-309. doi:1092-4388 (2012/11-0231)
Mobayed, K.L., Collins, B.C., Strangis, D.E., Schuster, J.W., & Hemmeter, M.L. (2000).
Teaching parents to mand-model procedures to teach their children requesting. Journal of
Early Intervention, 23(3), 165-179.