bromine water

if white
precipitate also
formed
phenol
warm with aqueous
sodium/potassium hydroxide, acidify
with dilute nitric acid then add
aqueous silver nitrate
precipitate:
white
cream
yellow
halogenoalkanes:
C?Cl
C?Br
C?I
phosphorus(V) chloride steamy fumes of
HCl that turn damp
blue litmus paper
red
OH group in alcohols
and carboxylic acids
2,4?dinitrophenylhydrazine solution orange precipitate C=O group in
aldehydes and
ketones
boil with Fehling s or Benedict s
solution
blue solution gives
red precipitate
aldehyde
warm with ammoniacal silver nitrate
(Tollens reagent)
silver mirror aldehyde
sodium or potassium carbonate or
hydrogencarbonate solution
effervescence carboxylic acid
add a small piece of sodium effervescence
(bubbles),