bearings,orloadedwithlargeconcentratedforces,liketrafficloads.

Forslabs
withdistributedloadsandlinesupports,moreliberaldistributionwidthscanbeused.
Therecommendationsgiveninthissectionapplytoreinforcementmomentsandassociated
membraneeffects.TheyarebasedontheprovisionsgiveninEurocode2(SSEN199211:2005)
but,sincenospecificguidelinesaregivenforredistributionofmomentsandforcesfromlinear
FEanalysis,themoredetailedadvicesarebasedonwhathasbeenfoundinliteratureandon
practicalconsiderationsfromengineeringpractice.
Inliterature,itisnotpossibletofinddetailed,scientificallybasedadvicesformoment
redistributionsfromlinearFEanalysisandchoiceofdistributionwidths.Therecommendations
foundaregenerallybasedontheassumptionthatreinforcedconcreteslabshavegoodcapabilities
forplasticredistributionsinultimatelimitstate,butthatthereinforcementneedtobe
concentratedtoregionswithconcentratedsupportswithrespecttotheresponseinservicestate.
Forflatslabs,thereinforcementistypicallyarrangedinsupportstripsoverthecolumnswitha
middlestripinbetween,inthetwomaindirections.Theserecommendationsarequiteliberal
comparedtotherecommendationsgivenhere.
ForbridgesinSweden,morerigorousdemandshavebeenappliedforredistributionofmoments
andforcesfromlinearFEanalysis,Davidson(2003),Bro2004(2004).Bridgesareoftenmore
heavilyreinforcedthanflatslabsinbuildingsandmorerigorousdemandsmaybemotivatedhere.
Nevertheless,inSustainableBridges(2007)itwasfoundthatthedistributionwidthshadonlya
minorinfluenceontheresponseintheultimatelimitstateandthattheycouldbechosen
accordingtocommondesignguidelines.Forserviceloads,nocorrelationbetweendistribution
widthsandcrackwidthswerefound.Therecommendations