DisciplinadeMicrobiologieUMFTg.

Mure
LP6

Intradermoreacii
Reaciilebiologicecutanatepermit:
1- evideniereastriideimunitate
2- evideniereastriidesensibilizaredetipntrziat(reaciialergice)
IDRSchickIDRdeneutralizare
3- verificdacpersoanarespectivestesaunuprotejatfadeinfeciacubaciluldifteric
toxinogen
4- seinjecteazntreimeamedieaantebraului,intradermic,0,1mltoxindiftericdiluat
(eritrogen)
5- dac persoanaprezint Acantitoxin difteric,toxinainoculatvafineutralizat,nu
vaapreaeritemullaloculinoculrii
6- dac persoana nu prezint Ac antitoxin difteric, la locul inoculrii toxinei va
apreaeritemul
IDRcutuberculin(PPD)IDRalergic
1- utilizatndecelareainfecieituberculoase
2- tuberculinaderivatproteicpurificat,extrasdinculturadeMycobacteriumtuberculosis
3- dupceopersoanseinfecteazcubacilultuberculos,urmeazsensibilizarea
siproliferareaanumitorpopulaiidelimfociteT
4- injectareaintradermicdePPDstimuleazlimfociteleTideclaneazoreaciede
hipersensebilitatedetipIV(vasodilataie,edem,infiltratcelular)
5- rspunsulmaximaparelacca.48oredupinjectare(eritem,edem,induraie),lapersoane
careauvenitncontactanteriorcuAg(afostsauestebolnav,afostvaccinat);rezultatul
seevalueazncontextulclinic
6- lapersoanecarenuaufostvaccinatesaunuauvenitncontactprinaltmodcuAg,nu
aparereacielocal;nacestcazpersoanarespectivtrebuievaccinat

DisciplinadeMicrobiologieUMFTg.Mure
LP6

Boalaexperimental
nmicrobiologiesefolosescanimaledelaboratorndiferitescopuri:
1- n cadrul diagnosticului de laborator
pentru:o izolareabacteriilor
o

identificareabacteriilorprinstudiereapatogenitii

2- preparareavaccinurilor
3- cercetritinifice,etc.
Animalelecelmaifrecventfolositesuntoarecii,cobaii,iepurii,sobolanii,hamsterii,
pisicile,maimuele,etc.
Animalelesealegnfunciede:
1- receptivitate
2- animalegermfreenuconinflormicrobian,suntcrescutencondiiideasepsie

aninalegnotobioticespeciigermfreeinoculatecutulpinimicrobienecunoscute

Cretereaintreinereaanimalelordelaborator
1- pentruntreinereaanimalelorsuntnecesare2ncperi:
o unapentrucresctorie
o

altapentruntreinereaanimalelorinoculate

2- asigurareacondiiiloroptimedetemperatur,aeraie,cldur,hran
Inoculareaanimalelor
3- cunoaterearegulilordemanipulareaanimalelor
4- operaiiledureroasepentruanimalenecesitanestezie
5- materialnecesar:seringi,ace,pipete,etc.
6- cideinoculare:
15 intradermic,subcutanat,intramuscular,intraperitoneal,intravenos,intranazal,etc.
2- dupinoculareanimalelesesupravegheazzilnic;senoteaztoatemodificrileaprute
3- serecolteazprobebiologicepentrudiferiteexaminri
Autopsia
1- seobservmodificrileaprute,serecolteazprobebiologice,fragmentedeorgane
nvedereaexaminrilornecesare

DisciplinadeMicrobiologieUMFTg.Mure
LP6

Antibiograma
Antibiograma:testareasensibilitiiinvitroamicroorganismelorfadeantibiotice(TSA
testareasusceptibilitiifadeantibiotice)
Antibiotice
1 substanecuefectantibacterianprodusedediferitemicroorganisme
2 substanesemisintetice,sintetice(chimioterapeutice)
Clasificareaantibioticelordupcompoziie
1.antibioticelactamice
peniciline
penicilina
penicilinecuspectrularg(ampicilina,amoxicilina)
penicilineantistafilococice(oxacilina)

penicilineantipseudomonazice(piperacilina,ticarcilina)
cefalosporine(genIIV)
genIcefazolin,cefalotin.
genIIcefuroxim

genIIIceftazidim,ceftriaxon,
cefotaxim,genIVcefpirom,cefepim
cefamicine(cefoxitin)
monobactame(aztreonam)
carbapeneme(ertapenem,imipenem,meropenem)
combinaiilactamine+inhibitoridelactamaz(amoxicilina+acidclavulanic,
ampicilina+sulbactam,piperacilina+tazobactam,ticarcilina+clavulanat)
2.macrolide,lincosamide
eritromicina,claritromicina,azitromicina
clindamicina
3.fluorochinolone

norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin
3

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