Post Laboratory Question

1. What do saturated and unsaturated mean when applied to

hydrocarbon? Give examples of asaturated hydrocarbon and an
unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Saturated is a hydrocarbon in which carbon atoms are bonded with a single
covalent bond only.
Example of saturated is methane, ethane and butane. Unsaturated is a
hydrocarbon in which two carbon atoms are bonded with a double covalent
bond or triple covalent bond. Example of unsaturated is ethane, methane,
butyne
2. Give 5 sources of methane
a) Hydroelectric dam
b)Ocean microbes
c)Rice
d)Lndfills
e)Livestock
3. Describe reactions that are characteristics of alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes.
Alkanes
a) Combustion:Process whereby oxygen is burnt in air to produce carbon
dioxidegas, water and heat.
b) Halogenation: A reaction where a halogen replaces one or more
hydrogen atom.
Alkenes
a) Hydrohalogenation: Addition of hydrogen halide.
b) Halogenation: A reaction where a halogen replaces one or more
hydrogen atoms.

alkynes
a) Hydrogenation: Addition of hydrogen to a multiple bond to form a single
bond substance.
b) Hydrohalogenation: Addition of hydrogen halide.
c) Halogenation: A reaction where a halogen replaces one or more
hydrogen atoms.
d) Hydration: Addition of water, usually reversible.

4. Write a balanced equation for the reaction which methane was

obtained by the reduction of chloroform.
CH4 + 3Cl2

CHCl3 + 3HCl

5. Provide two other methods of collecting gas that can be used in this experiment.
a) Upward delivery method.
b) Downward delivery method