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Kultur Dokumente
Rumus Empirik
Rumus Molekul
Rumus Struktur
Muatan formal adalah muatan elek-trostatik pada sebuahHatom Hdalam sebuah
molekul
Dalam suatu molekul secara listrik netral, muatan formal harus saling
meniadakan atau berjumlah nol; se-dang muatan formal suatu struktur tidak
berjumlah nol maka struktur itu berupa ion dan muatan formal me-nyatakan
muatan ion.
Senyawa siklik dan rumus Poligon
Senyawa yang mengandung satu cincin atau lebih, dan struktur siklik biasanya
dinyatakan oleh rumus poligon, yaitu merupakan jenis lain rumus struktur yang
termampatkan.
CH2
H2C
CH2
which are used in calls each molecular orbital. And the formula used to express
eleektron bond using a formula of points called Lewis or Lewis structure.
Number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of extra
electrons to atoms it is necessary to achieve a noble gas configuration (octet rule).
single covalent bond, covalent bond double, triple covalent bonds, coordinate
covalent bond
5. Chemical Formulas in Organic Chemistry
Empirical formula, describing the type of atom and molecule in a numerical
comparison. Molecular formula, describing the actual number of atoms of atoms in
the molecule, not just comparison. Structure formula, shows the structure of the
molecule that is the charge of association of the atoms.
Example: Ethane,
CH3 C2H6
Empirical formula Structural Formula Molecular Formula
formal charge is the electron charge trostatik on an atom in a molecule
In an electrically neutral molecule, the formal charge must be mutually exclusive or
numbered zero; were being formal charge of a structure does not amount to zero so
that the structure of the ion and the charge of claiming formal charge on the ion.
cyclic compounds and formulas Polygons
Compounds containing one or more rings, and the cyclic structure is usually
expressed by the formula polygon, which is another type of formula termampatkan
structure.
CH2
H2C CH2
6. Bond dissociation energy
Two ways to make the bond can be dissociated,
Pemaksapisahan heterolitik (heterolytic cleavage), ie where both electrons are
maintained on a single atomic bond. The result is sepasnag ion
Pemaksapisahan homolitik (homolytic cleavage), ie each atom that participate in
covalent bonding accept one electron from another couple who shared the original.
The result is an electrically neutral atom or group of atoms.
bond dissociation energy (DH) is the ba-nyaknya energy needed to cause
pemaksapisahan homolitik of covalent bonds. The greater the associated energy-ties
mean more stable bond.
7. Polar covalent bond
Find diwarnet
Moment Institute, a measure of bond polarity, can be calculated from the value of the
force experienced by the style.
The moment of bonding defined exd, e as the charge and d is the distance between
the load, the pliers have a unit called the Debye (D).
Dipole Moment is the size of the overall polarity of the molecule
8. Attraction Between Molecules
intermolecular dipole-dipole, Pull pull between different loads signs and repelling the
charge that marked the same.
London Style nonpolar molecules are drawn to each other by dipole-dipole
interactions are weak. Arising from induced dipole in one molecule by molecule.
van der Waals force is the dipole-dipole interactions (attraction and repulsion) are
kolektif.jarak between molecules have an important influence on the strength of van
der Walls force, the largest distance where the force is called the radius of the van der
Waals forces.
Hydrogen bonds, formed from the partial positive hydrogen atom from a molecule
is pulled by a pair of electrons out of atoms of another molecule electronegative.
Hirogen ties affected by the size of a substance boiling point, expe-Rutan, and
biomolecular shapes.
9. Acids and Bases
Arrhenius Theory