[AMERICAN NATIONAL - hb (GERCHINATIONA) ANSI/ASTM C 219 - 76a Standard Definitions of Terms HYDRAULIC CEMENT' Relating to tis Standard is issued under the fixed designation C 219; the number immediately following the designation indicates the ar of original adoption or, in the case of res st reapproval Idition—a material that is interground or blended in limited amounts into a hydraulic cement during manufacture either as a “processing addition” to aid in manufac- turing and handling the cement or as a “functional addition” to modify the ufe properties of the finished product. r content (of freshly mixed mortar)—the volume of air (or other gas) voids in freshly mixed cement mortar, usually expressed as a percentage of total volume of the mortar. ir-entraining hydraulic cement—hydraulic cement containing an air entraining addi- tion in such amount as to cause the product, to entrain air in mortar within specified limits. Note—The following types of ai hydraulic cements are recognized: ai portland cement, air-entraining portland blast- furnace slag cement, air-entraining portland- pozzolan cement, air-entraining slag cement, and air-entraining natural cement. ir void—an air-filled space in freshly mixed cement mortar; an entrapped air void is characteristically 1 mm or more in size and irregular in shape; an entrained air void typically between 10 and 1000 wm in diameter and spherical or nearly so. last-furnace slag—the nonmetallic product, consisting essentially of silicates and alumi- nosilicates of calcium and other bases, that is developed in a molten condition simul- taneously with iron in a blast furnace. alcium sulfate—anhydrite (CaSO,), gypsum (CaSO,-2H,0), hemihydrate (CaSO,- ',H,O), or combination of these. ntrained air—air bubbles (generally smaller than | mm) incorporated in cement mortar during mixing, usually produced by the in- 202 the year of last revision, A number in parentheses indicates the year of tentional use of an air-entraining agent. entrapped air—air voids (generally larger than 1 mm) which are not usually produced by the intentional use of an air-entraining agent. granulated blast-furnace slag—the glassy granular material formed when molten blast-furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water Note 1—Granulation may be achieved by quenching blast-furnace slag from its original molten state or by quenching air-cooled blast- furnace slag after remelting Note 2—Small percentages of silica and alu- mina may be added while the slag is molten to enhance desired characteristics. hydration—the chemical reaction between hydraulic cement and water forming new compounds most of which have strength- producing properties. hydraulic cement—a cement that sets and hardens by chemical interaction with water and that is capable of doing so under water. masonry cement —a hydraulic cement for use in mortars for masonry construction, con- taining one or more of the following ma- terials: portland cement, portland blast- furnace slag cement, portland-pozzolan ce- ment, natural cement, slag cement, or hydraulic lime; and in addition usually con- taining one or more materials such as hy- drated lime, limestone, chalk, calcareous shell, talc, slag, or clay, as prepared for this purpose. "These definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM ‘Committee C-1 on Cement and are the ditect responsi bility of Subcommittee CO1.91 on Editorial Current edition approved April 30 and July 2, 1976, Published. September 1976. “Originally published as C219" 48 T: Last previous edition C 219 ~75agi natural cement—a hydraulic cement produced by calcining a naturally occurring argilla- ceous limestone at a temperature below the sintering point and then grinding to a fine powder. portland blast-furnace slag cement—a hy- draulic cement consisting of an intimately interground mixture of portland-cement clinker and granulated blast-furnace slag or an intimate and uniform blend of portland cement and fine granulated blast-furnace slag in which the amount of the slag con- stituent is within specified limits. Note—Limits applicable to Specification C 595 are given therein, Portland cement—a hydraulic cement pro- duced by pulverizing clinker consisting es- sentially of hydraulic calcium silicates, and usually containing one or more of the forms of calcium sulfate as an interground addi- tion. portland-pozzolan cement—a hydraulic ce- ‘ment consisting of an intimate and uniform blend of portland cement or portland blast- furnace slag cement and fine pozzolan pro- 203 c219 duced by intergrinding portland cement clinker and pozzolan, by blending portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag ce- ment and finely divided pozzolan, or a combination of intergrinding and blending, in which the amount of the pozzolan con- stituent is within specified limits. Note—Limits applicable to Specification C 595 are given therein. pozzolan—a siliceous or siliceous and alumi- nous material, which in itself possesses little or no cementitious value but which will, in finely divided form and in the presence of ure, chemically react with calcium hydroxide at ordinary temperatures to form compounds possessing cementitious proper- ties. slag cement—a hydraulic cement consisting mostly of an intimate and uniform blend of granulated blast-furnace slag and hydrated lime in which the slag constifuent is more than a specified minimum percentage Note—The limit applicable to Specification C 595 is given therein.