LDR/300 Final Exam

1. Considering a cultural approach to leadership, leadership should be

conceptualized as:

An ability or skill
A dynamic social process
A set of behaviors
A relationship between a leader and a follower

2. Which type of leadership is most similar to transformational

leadership?

Transitional
Transactional
Laissez-faire
Charismatic

3. Your boss listens to employees personal problems and tries to create

a positive work environment by being agreeable, eager to help,
comforting, and uncontroversial. This is an example of:

Middle-of-the-road management
Team management
Country-club management
Authority-compliance management

4. Contingency theory is concerned with ______ and _______.

Traits; situations
Leaders; followers
Leadership; situations
Styles; situations

5. Leadership focuses on the ________.

Importance of lateral and upward influence patterns

elimination of dependency in relationships
ways to increase a leader's following
downward influence of a leader on his or her followers

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6. Which of the following leadership theories expects the leader to

continually be concerned about subordinate motivation?

Contingency theory
Situational leadership theory
Leader-member exchange theory
Path-goal theory

7. Argued that the major activities of management and leadership are

played out differently; but both are essential to an organization:

Jago
Bass
Kotter
Zaleznik

8. According to research, one way women can advance in leadership is

By acting masculine and assertive, and not in feminine ways.
By blending individualized consideration with inspirational
motivation.
By strongly resisting stereotype threats.
By leading in a more democratic manner than men.
9. In the skills model, which of these is a general cognitive ability?

Problem-solving skills
Information processing
Motivation
Knowledge

10.Although there are clear differences between management and

leadership,

Management is more valued than leadership.

There is little research to support one or the other.
Leadership is more valued than management.
The two constructs overlap.

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11.Mary has managed the mailroom for 2 years. Management views

Mary as a person with special leadership talent, such as intelligence,
sociability, and determination. What approach is management
using in assessing Mary?
Trait approach
Managerial grid approach

 Attribution approach
Styles approach
12.The team leadership model puts who or what in the driver's seat of
team effectiveness?

Leadership
Satisfying needs
Leaders
Management

13.The following traits are associated with charismatic leadership:

Intelligence, self-confidence
Physical attractiveness, height
Desire for power, desire to help others
Self-monitoring, impression management

14.Critical factors for developing a cultural based leadership

development program may include:
Focuses on the organization as a whole rather than the individual,
demographic information, and formal data gathering.
Focuses on all levels of an organization from the individual to the
wider organization, gathers ethnographic data, and looks at many
aspects of cultures.
There are no critical factors. Leaders should be sent to various
countries and allowed to learn that way.
Starts the evaluation at the assessment phase, gathers formal data, and
focuses on the language of the participants.
15.In which way are leadership and power often approached?

From the perspective of the follower

As positional power
As a relational concern for both leaders and followers.
As a form of coercion

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16.Subordinates who have strong needs for affiliation prefer which type
of leadership behavior?

Participative
Achievement oriented
Supportive
Directive

17.Questionnaires on situational leadership often ask for respondents

to look at specific applications of leadership styles within situations,
which may result in:

Wide range of responses that are hard to validate

Results that are not in favor of situational leadership
Negative perceptions toward the organizations
Biased results in favor of situational leadership

18.How does servant leadership differ from path-goal theory?

Is unconcerned with the way leaders should treat followers.
Makes the need for task completion necessary before relationships can
thrive.
Focuses on the need for leaders to perfect themselves before helping
others.
Focuses on the behaviors leaders should exhibit to put followers first.
19.Of the Big Five personality factors, which is the most strongly
associated with leadership?

Extraversion
Openness
Emotional intelligence
Social status

20.Which best describes the reason situational leadership is so practical

for managers to use?
Its specific nature
Its straightforward nature

 Assist in relating demographics to leadership

It is only applicable to lower-level managers
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21.Of the bases of power, research indicates that ________ power is

most effective.

Reward
Personal
Legitimate
Coercive

22.The leader is at the core of group change and activity, representing

the backbone of the group or organization. Leadership is viewed as:

Leadership as an act
Personality perspective
Leadership as a behavior
Focus of group processes

23.Critical life events affect authentic leadership because

They reinforce patterned behaviors.

They influence a multitude of people.
They are a common occurrence.
They act as a catalyst for change.

24.What type of power did Bill Gates have when he and Paul Allen
started Microsoft?

Coercive
Referent
Expert
Legitimate

25.If your superior tells you that she will offer you a raise provided you
perform additional work beyond the requirements of your job,
he/she is exercising ________ power.

coercive
reward
legitimate
personal

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26.The Ohio State studies considered the behaviors of consideration

and initiating structure as:

Cause and effect

High value and low value
Distinct and independent
Interdependent

27.During a speech given by your department director, he repeatedly

emphasizes the importance of reaching goals set by the organization.
He then goes on to lay out the framework to accomplish the goals.
According to contingency theory, which best describes your
director?

High LPC score

Relationship motivated
Task motivated
Position power

28.Liz is a team leader at a local grocery store. Recently, her boss said
that she needs to address the negative attitudes of employees. To try
and fix this problem, she has begun awarding gift-cards to
employees who have great attitudes. What internal leadership
intervention is Liz addressing?

Satisfying needs
Managing conflict
Facilitating decisions
Goal focusing

29.Your parents and older siblings are all successful elected officials.
After graduation, it is suggested by many that you should seek office
and, in turn, offer you their support. Which best describes the
leadership approach being demonstrated?

Style approach to leadership

Leadership as a process
Trait perspective
Expert power

30.To create change, transformational leaders ______________.

Value out-group member's opinions.

Focus on the task at hand.
Leave followers to work on their own.
Become strong role models for their followers.

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