COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY By: Vrushali Borde, Ryan Williamson, Vivian Xia, Reagan Di IorioWISH AUTOMOUNT UINT RAPT ROE Ctr Cr STEM URN d(T ROE Bente CeCe FNL ep omit iittnaraal Cansei CR ter aC oie Teco Re tesntgsr ten : erect Pareles ene a acta tsme nd octamer eal cart CMP Note YP Lea sty ealyssateliy CMP start Coe ere Needs rans cceertcoracl © Canifalanatthey BUC eter: caret tess ats o animal should be euthanized as quickly EOS CE cmt tos rattans Physical/Mental distress Foote ard bdee)ttela Co Mel m eraser wLeBicon Sua Ota hee tee Cree MCE RUC nee see iLaContinued... Study: Schachter and Singer (1962) Aim: Test the two-factor theory of emotion, which states emotion arises from a combination of cognition and arousal. Method: Participants were told the study aimed to test the effects of Suproxin (fake ROCCO Manna Cec Cen tLoe bree en Ce ner utn tC Roast effects in groups of informed, ignorant, misinformed, and control. Results: Supported the two-factor theory, in which individuals react to a stimulus by Evol ttyl eel ger Le CeMEVolo Hate Mey UNC RQ CceLeevee mt eCcoe Mcneela CooExplain 1 Study related to localization of brain function RSiTCe hanya g mTeCe Or VZzVel tee Mayo) iL es ecTOmSTEnLeNs Aim: Investigate the effects of brain hemisphere disconnection to demonstrate localization of brain function. Method: The quasi-experiment consisted of 11 participants with previously split brains (CoB CaaS peel oskone eee Cryip Melee (aero eee Brae Caee) MULTE VEELute McCain! CnC Results: Participants were able to gesticulate to convey meaning when presented with information to the right hemisphere, but were only able to linguistically describe objects in their left hemisphere.Neurotransmission and human behavior e Acetylcholine (Ach): stimulates muscle contractions, excites nerves. CR Cos Crna tte Eee UC EES Re et cores Tet Pes eS RSS Eee CR eae SECs eae teas Cees CMB rT Ate Ree neCO aN CMM erm Berto Mites Tanicerec ce © See also: low levels of dopamine in individuals with Parkinsons’, abnormally high levels of ERS R RE NGC MERU TEs eS CoE Serotonin: produced in pineal gland, affects emotion, sleep, and depression. © See also: Kasamatsu “Monk Serotonin Study” showing link between serotonin and hallucination. Neurotransmission is the transfer of information throughout the central nervous system by way of neurons.WRITS AUT MAU INE UIST CE IC RUE Cer Th) STEM UROL RENNES Ethical Guidelines: Informed Consent Right to Withdraw bpyerea ret) Soya setsints Confidentiality Bae) rele Ce) Moye canal Lew icoT Physical/Mental harm Study: LeDoux Fear in Rats Aim: Investigate the Role of the I eNTCeIPY STi aTolee eT M racmeone Cereus RCO LOE fear at the sound of the bell. The Auditory Thalamus was removed and fiiTroarae tone Cerone BE eee Coo meee Ue oats Thalamus resulted in the rats no longer oma etsEvaluate schema theory with reference to research studies Rye sTos¥- CR ncleroy cones koa knowledge learned over time PMS Ol oe nice Centr e Encoding -> Storage -> Retrieval RSV eB acceloe Cops Tae Clie Lael ag UC Ghosts study Aim: Prove that schema influence recall BY cree Ete CBO ow tata ead asked to read a story twice and retell it 15 minutes Bacar int Results; Native Americans found it easier to retell the story. European Americans replaced the Native Americans details with culturally relevant schema OR mettle 19)Sociocultural 29: Discuss ethical considerations related to research studies at the AULT EN ARETE SNS Many sociocultural research studies take place in a “naturalistic” environment BC ae Cole) oa eB Ce ce Rcd otal oa Kone ma orertare Becca (ON (Samo) roarleCnoma-Ue Ce lce comity mTeolet melee (ONS) cares MOM ENC imeem ate Cer) Reo Cece pecan rman ame ice) involve deception and no informed consent Ex) Leon Festinger’s Cult study: Festinger posed as a member of a religious cult (who believed the world would end on December 21) in order to best observe the other cult members’ behaviors. After December 21st had passed and nothing had happened, the cult members decided that God had saved them because of the epeeAYRES RUC) STOP E ETUC OST UIE PEON Me NET ed Cie Ce e Attribution: How people interpret and explain casual relationships in the world © When people assess their own behavior, they tend to attribute it to situational factors (external factors) Ex: I was late because the train wasn’t on time COA iP oCcroW ee) Notes Melt UENd oem ea me Label UICC COM 1K) Ted Lele TBC La Ce) co (internal/personal factors) Ex: You were late because YOU were forgetfulSHUR AUIS TOUS EO CSCO CURTIN EEE TL TTS CSS ASAT d ES) Fundamental Attribution Error: When people overestimate the role of dispositional factors in an individual’s behavior (underestimate situational factors) (VERY COMMON) Self Serving Bias: When people take credit for their successes (attributing them to dispositional factors) and dissociate themselves from failures. Ex: I won the game because I was better than the other guy, but I lost last week because the court was too ST oan ENAExamine the concepts of normality and abnormality. © Noclear definition because what is considered Rosenhan and Seligman (1984). “normal” differs for every individual ere@ seem Drscsaa ttn Cee oein tard rece arem ea cenCe VStar cg Foes Na COaee Titans Homose sar CR UOC ne erat eon Cetin © Cultural norms differ cross-culturally CRBC tnd OM ra teat Cc Enron Ros ene Ret Ros ty aM CCC ia over time EMM Onyestaelsilisg CMON Toco tt ate VG CMU Cu ent. homosexuality was declared abnormal Lentencen Coes © Then DSM3 declared that it was only PMO eras occa (as FUSES UC MEBs ec © Violation of moral or ideal oie Corian Rela moc Mele Celelttoey SE Ut ec teccdAb 44: Discuss validity and reliability of diagnosis. OMB ee sa eerie U CRUE eer CRrcanhaatontd classifications MS Or iio mtan chs Scere: ccc ee omo Rane CaM n esa Ree tat aCe TTT CMM UNO at iat teeta eeu ancy Teena CMMs mutts OU MECC Ste ttattTcs CRBC M TS one Rune NRCan ACEC Ron nO e To in several different disorders, leading to the possibility of misdiagnosis Cera TeCcos natec ratAb 44 (cont.) CUTE com Olen emiarcam Children’s Hospital in London CCIE SIs Re SURI’ Coes Gres gases} © Reliability of the Great Ormond ReeaUMOeT CR te a eared Feenite tee earnest Cay PEt ritatese lg psychiatrists Cea es Te rs on Breeton sted Conese tree Rosenhan’s Study (1973) © Aim: to test the reliability of psychiatric ere) Ce Coe etet MeccE Sc Rs ractns Pretest geste ke ne ny admission to 12 different psychiatric eee tat ea eC hearing voices Cee tee Seen cee td were diagnosed as suffering from Porras teste) © What This Means: demonstrates the lack of Remarc een Ns tse Toned PRN ng coe oct ne Peete ee yingACCA RISEN UP LORALI CE ReUISS CLETUS ODD diagnosis (ie: cultural variation and stigmatization). e Ethical Considerations Cer ate Ota eCoe elon CRS etree en Ce tcnee Emerita rca ont Pe EN SEE e aad Cente yA Crec identity Pi cece eta ery Ra at CRS eat Sass oe oe Frome ren econ lyme Meteo Doane Oe eg st sed CMe aster acer ROUSE art © Cultural Blindness: the problem of Soe sian CES OKT eRe sea atc Teese SRC RC cary Poets date sec) accept it © Confirmation Bias (Rosenhan 1973) CRB Grrsto cic Cre eae Cece e nC Cree eon met thd Pec eC ESUNLT TU Retss)) OMe atest ier aise Pee ota kc POETS#22 PTSD treatment DD DaNtemanoelo) PTSD is an anxiety disorder Xanax is an anti anxiety drug that can calm and prevent panic attacks and excessive anxiety. In moderation, this can be used to control the harmful effects of ptsd and the night terrors those who have PTSD experience PTSD can also mimic depressive disorders, and so in order to control the mood and prevent further depression, Prozac can be prescribed to limit any depression effects. Also Prozac is an antidepressant which elevated mood and allows the patient to feel less depressed and more active in the world.drug therapy is intended to help the patient in the most effective way and also to improve the mental health of the patient