COMIT Training Course 1

Oct - 2015

Objectives

Describe how the radio connection supervision is carried out when the UE is using a common channel

Describe how in-sync and out-of-sync is determined by the radio link set supervision algorithm in the RBS when the
UE is using a dedicated channel

Describe how the RNC supervises radio link (sets) when the UE is using a dedicated channel

Describe how a call is dropped

Radio Connection Supervision

The Radio Connection Supervision (RCS) algorithm supervises the radio connection between
WCDMA RAN and a UE in connected mode. The purpose is to judge whether or not WCDMA RAN
still has control over the UE. This supervision is only performed in WCDMA RAN for the uplink.
Supervision of the downlink is carried out by a similar supervision function located in the UE.
The main goals of the supervision functionality are to:
Achieve an efficient resource usage in WCDMA RAN
Avoid any long-term discrepancy concerning the status of the connection between the UE
and WCDMA RAN
Avoid undue charging to customers
The supervision is carried out in different ways depending on the UE state
(Cell_FACH or Cell_DCH).

SUPERVISION OF THE UE IN STATE

CELL_FACH

SUPERVISION OF THE UE IN STATE

CELL_FACH
a) If the UE does not receive a Cell Update Confirm it will repeat the Cell Update message

a number of times before it moves to idle mode.

b) If the UE detects Out of service area it waits a period of time before it moves to idle
mode.

c) Upon expiry of the timer cchWaitCuT the overall release of the connection shall be
triggered and as a result the UE context is released in WCDMA RAN. The time set on the
timer cchWaitCuT is longer then the time set on timer t305 - that indicates how often the
UE has to send a Cell Update message and also long enough to allow the actions taken in

case of a) and b).

SUPERVISION OF THE UE IN STATE

CELL_DCH
The Radio Connection Supervision

functionality is provided by means of two

different algorithms; the Radio Link Set
Supervision algorithm (in the RBS) and the

Radio Connection Supervision Evaluation

algorithm (in the SRNC)

SUPERVISION OF THE UE IN STATE

CELL_DCH
Radio Link Set Supervision considers
the UE belonging to one out of three
different synchronization states. In
state In-syncuplink data is
transmitted over Iub.

RADIO CONNECTION SUPERVISION

EVALUATION
This algorithm keeps track of the synchronization status of the radio

connection by assigning a tag to every RLS. Upon creation of a new RLS

the tag is set to "Fail". The tag is shifted to "OK" upon reception of a RL
restore indication and then to "Fail" upon reception of a RL failure
indication. If all RLSs are tagged as "Fail" and the timer has expired,
then the radio connection shall be considered lost and the overall
release of the connection is triggered.

RRC State Machine

UTRA RRC Connected Mode
UE in DRX mode
discontinous reception

URA_PCH

CELL_PCH

discontinous reception

Common resources

Dedicated resources
allocated (DCH, HS)

UE in DRX mode

CELL_FACH

CELL_DCH

Tx and Rx mode

allocated (RACH-FACH)
Tx and Rx mode

Common Channel
Setup (optional)
Cell selection
Cell re-selection
Listen to paging

Idle Mode

PS Connection Establishment
CEL
L_
DCH

UE

SGSN

RNC
RRC Connection Establishment (SRB)

MM, CC & SM (e.g. PDP Context Activation)

RAB Assignment Request

Traffic Volume
Parameters
determination

*RLC buffer level, reporting criteria, etc.

Start
UL_DLcapacityReqWait
SignallingLinkInactivityTimer

Measurement Control* [Traffic Volume Measurements]

UL_DLcapacityReqWait
RNC; 0..20; 0.5; 5 s

UL_DLcapacityReqWait
expiry

SignallingLinkInactivityTimer
RNC; 0..20; 0.5; 2 s

no
Capacity Request?

yes
SignallingLinkInactivityTime
expiry

yes
DCH for NRT RB(s) allocation

CELL_
FACH

Transition: CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH

CELL
_
DCH

UE

Node B

InactivityTimerULDCH
InactivityTimerDLDCH
RNC; structured parameters
Range: 0 .. 20 s; Step: 1 s; default:
for 8, 16 & 32 kbps: 5 s
for 64 kbps: 3 s
for 128, 256, 320 & 384 kbps: 2 s

RNC

PDU Transport on the DCH/DPCH

All data is sent and
RLC-U buffer is empty
Inactivity detected

Start
InactivityTimerULDCH
InactivityTimerDLDCH

CELL
_
FACH

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

Expiry

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

L2 configuration
Radio Link Release

AAL2 & RL resources!

MAC: Inactivity detected

Start

FACH activation timer

Transition from .. / to ..

ExtendedULDLactivationTmr
RNC; 0..120; 1; 0 s

CELL
_
FACH

UL_DL_activation_timer
RNC; 0..10 s; 50 ms; 2 s

UE

Cell Update
CELL
_
PCH

RNC
Start
MAC: Inactivity detected
FACH activation timer
Physical Channel Reconfiguration

Expiry

FACH activation timer = ExtendedULDLActivationTmr for UEs NOT supporting CELL_PCH

= UL_DL_activation_timer for UEs supporting CELL_PCH
or always if ExtendedULDLActivationTmr = 0
CELL
_
PCH

Cell Update

Transition to CELL_PCH

Start

MSActivitySupervision
RRCIDLE

Cell Update

Cell Update Confirm

Expiry
MSActivititySupervision
RNC; 0..1440; 1; 29 min

Transition from.. / to ..
CellReselectionObservingTime
RNC; 0 .. 60; 1; 16 min
High mobility UE is detected based on the frequency of cell reselections if more than N reselections
occur within T seconds, RNC moves UE from Cell_FACH or Cell_PCH to URA_PCH:

or
CELLF
ACH

URA_
PCH

MaxCellReselections
RNC; 0 .. 100; 1; 3 times

CELLP
CH
Inactivity detected

Start

Cell Update (Cell reselection)

MaxCellReselections
CellReselectionObservingTime
Cell Update (Cell reselection)
Cell Update Confirm
Expiry

The maximum time a UE can stay in UTRAN PCH states is limited by MSActivitySupervision parameter.
MSActivititySupervision
RNC; 0..1440; 1; 29 min
URA_
PCH
URA Update

Transition to URA_PCH
MSActivitySupervision

RRCIDLE

URA Update
URA Update Confirm

Expiry

T305
Periodic Cell/URA Updates
0 (no), 5, 10, 30..720 min; 30 min

Transition: CELL_DCH to CELL/URA_PCH

If UE has Multi-RAB allocated (voice + NRT PS) & PS
data inactivity detected (> 20 s) Reconfiguration
Cell_DCH to Cell_PCH or URA_PCH on voice call
release

Slow mobility
CELL_PCH
FastUECancel
RNC; 1..59; 1; 1

Multi-RAB
(AMR + NRT PS)
CELL_DCH

& PS data inactivity

(>20s)
before voice release

Fast moving UE
( number of AS updates*)

URA_PCH

FastUEPeriod
RNC; 1..60; 1; 10s
FastUEThreshold
RNC; 2..60; 1; 3
*complete Active Set cell change
DMCU: Data & Macro Diversity Combining Unit

Returning from Cell/URA_PCH to

Cell_DCH

After transition: UE stays in Cell/URA_PCH until new data UL/DL in L2 buffers.

Direct return / reconfiguration to Cell_DCH possible, if traffic volume threshold TrafVolThrDLLowGTP exceeded &
CUCforPCHtoDCHallowed = true. Signaling procedure below.
RNC must send a paging notification to get in touch with UE.
UE answer with RRC: Cell Update (cause: paging response)
CUCforPCHtoDCHallowed
defines if it is allowed to move UE
directly from Cell/URA_PCH to
Cell_DCH
RNC initiated
RNC; false (0), true (1)
TrafVolThrDLLowGTP
0..1024 Byte; 128 Byte

CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH

Data detected in GTP

Paging

CELL_
FACH

Cell Update (Paging Response)

UL & DL packet scheduling
Radio Link Setup
Cell Update Confirm

CELL_
DCH

(SRB-DCH and 0/0 for PS)

Returning from Cell/URA_PCH to Cell_DCH

On reception on Cell Update message from UE, RNC checks if
a) CUCforPCHtoDCHallowed = 1 (true) and b) EcNo > CUCEcNoThreshold (default = 8,5 dB)
RNC sends Cell Update Confirm message.
If a) is <false> or b) reported EcNo < CUCEcNoThreshold>, RNC moves UE to Cell_FACH.
UE initiated

CUCforPCHtoDCHallowed
0 = false, 1 = true
&
Ec/No >
CUCEcNoThreshold
WCEL; 0..49; 1; 31 = -8.5 dB

CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH
Data detected in UE L2
Rel5 UE
& newer

Cell Update (Ec/No; Traffic Volume Indicator = TRUE)

CELL_
FACH

UL & DL packet scheduling

Cell Update Confirm

CELL_DCH

Radio Link Setup

(SRB-DCH and 0/0 for PS)

CUC: Cell Update Confirm

Transition: Cell/URA_PCH to
Cell_FACH

The UE sends RRC: Cell Update message to RNC to inform about specific event.
Following trigger reasons for Cell Update procedure are defined in 3GPP:

Periodical Cell Update / URA Update (based on T305)

Cell Update due to Cell Reselection (S-criteria)

UL Data Transmission (L2 buffer data volume)

RLC unrecoverable failure (L2 RLC procedure failure)

Paging Response (answer to RNC paging)

Re-entering service area (UE back in network coverage)

Radio Link Failure (DL L1 fails in Cell_DCH)

CELL_PCH

URA_PCH

Cell_FACH

Transition: CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH

UE initiated

Defined & discussed later

CELL_
FACH

UE

Node B

RNC

Measurement Report (Traffic Volume Event; CR)

UL & DL packet scheduling
Radio Link Setup

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

CELL_
DCH

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

Transition: CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH

RNC initiated

CELL_
FACH

UE

Node B

RNC

DL capacity need is
detected by MAC (CR)
Channel type selection
-> DCH
UL & DL
packet scheduling
Radio Link Setup
Radio Bearer Reconfiguration
CELL_
DCH

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete