Astronomy

Anna Pham

_______________It is the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. The
study of the material universe beyond the earths atmosphere. This field of professional astronomy split into
observational and theoretical branches.
________________It is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects, it is analyzed using the basic
principles of physics.
________________Astronomy oriented through the development of computer or models to describe objects in space and
phenomena.
The Big Bang
The _______ _______ is a theory that explained what happened at the very beginning of our universe.
Discoveries in astronomy and physics show beyond a reasonable doubt that the universe did have a beginning.
The Stages of the Big Bang:
Many scientist believe that before the Big Bang, everything in the universe today was all squished up to one
tiny point. Then, that point of _____________ exploded.
All the energy and _________ from the explosion shot out, and wherever it traveled created _________.
___________ ________ phase, is when heat is so high that particles from the Big Bang couldnt form mass or
atoms.
____________ and ____________, as particles began to cool and spread out, electrons, neutrons, and protons
begin to come together and create atoms. They eventually combine to create mass.

Black Holes
A __________ _________ is a region of space time exhibiting strong _____________effects that nothing can
escape from inside it.
_________________ ______________ Black Hole The largest type of black hole, on the order of hundreds of thousands to billons of solar masses.
__________ _________ forms when any object reaches a certain critical __________, and its gravity causes it
to collapse to an almost an infinitely small pinpoint.
How they are formed
Black holes can be made when the ____________ of a very big __________ falls upon itself, or collapses.
Stars
Is a fixed luminous point in the light sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun.
Stages of a star
1. Stars first start off in a region of high density __________, it condenses into a huge globule of gas and
dust then contracts under its own gravity.
2. The condensing matter will begin to heat up and glow forming ____________.
3. At this temperature, nuclear reactions where _____________ fuses to form helium, can start.
4. The star begins to ____________ energy, stopping it from contracting even more and it begins to shine.
It is now a ________ ______________ ________.
5. The __________ core stars to contract further and reactions begin to form around the ________.
6. The core is hot enough for helium to fuse to form ___________. The outer layers begin to expand. Its
now called a _________ __________.
7. The helium core runs out, an outer layers __________ _________ from the core as a gaseous shell, the
gas is called a ______________ _____________.
8. The remaining core becomes a _________ _________, the star eventually cools and dims. When it stops
shining, the now dead star is a __________ __________.

Galaxies
A galaxy is a ________________ bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.
Formation of Galaxies

1. One says that galaxies were born when vast clouds of gas and dust ___________ under their own
_______________ pull.

2. The other theory describes that the ____________ ____________ contained many small lumps of
matter, which then clumped together to form galaxies. According to this theory, most of the early large
galaxies were spirals. Over time, many spirals _____________ and formed elliptical shapes.
Planets
A planet is an astronomical object orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is either
massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity
not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and
Has cleared its cleared its neighboring region of planetesimals.
Terrestrial Known as the inner, ___________ planets.
________ Sometimes known as the outer ______ ________.