TUTORIAL 4.

3 : HYBRIDISATION AND ORBITAL OVERLAP

3.

(a)

Describe the formation of sigma and pi bonds.

(b)

Use valence bond theory to explain the bonding in HCl and show how the
bond is formed by the overlapping of atomic orbitals.

(a)

What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals?

(b)

Name the hybridisation of the carbon atoms in the following molecules.

i.

CH3CH3

ii.

CH3CH=CH2

Describe the hybridisation process and determine the geometry of the

following species.
(a)

BeH2

(b)

BH3

(c)

PF5

(d)

SeF4

(e)

SCl6

(f)

ICl2-

(g)

ICl4+

TUTORIAL 4.3 : HYBRIDISATION AND ORBITAL OVERLAP

Objective questions
1

Two carbon atoms form a linear shaped ethene, C2H4, molecule when bonded with
four other hydrogen atoms. Prior to bonding, the carbon atom
A

does not hybridise.

undergoes sp hybridisation.

undergoes sp2 hybridisation.

undergoes sp3 hybridisation.

According to the valence bond theory, the formation of the covalent bond in the HBr
is due to the overlap between
H

Br

1s

2s

1s

3p

2s

2p

2s

3s

What is the hybridisation for central atom in IF4 ?

A

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

What is the hybridisation of carbon atom in hydrogen cyanide, HCN?

A sp
B. sp2
C. sp3
D. sp3d

The hybridisation of the central atom in the following molecules is same EXCEPT?
A. NH3
B. H2O
C. AlCl3
D. C2H6

TUTORIAL 4.3 : HYBRIDISATION AND ORBITAL OVERLAP