EOC REVIEW

Chemistry

PARTS OF AN ATOM
Positively charged particle
with a mass of 1amu
Extremely small
negatively charged
particle
A neutral particle with
a mass of 1amu
Small, dense positively
charged area
3D region around the
nucleus of an atom in which
electrons are likely to be
found
Particles found within an atom

Nucleus
Around the nucleus
in the electron
cloud
Nucleus

Center of the atom

Around the
nucleus
Some within the
nucleus & some
within the electron
cloud

THREE TYPES OF CHANGES

1.Chemical Change

new substances
Produces entirely ____________________ with different
properties.
molecule
Produces new ________________ with different bonds between
s
atomsa different molecular structure.
Same # and same kinds of atoms in reactants and products.
undone
Cannot be ____________
Clues:
gas
Gives off ______
color change
Permanent _________
Precipitate
__________________
forms when liquids are mixed together
Releases Energy __________________________________
Sound, light, temperature change
Crash Course Kids - Chemical Changes

THREE TYPES OF CHANGES

2. Physical Change

physical properties
Changes 1 or more _______________________
of a
substance but it still remains that substance
Can usually be undone
Changing the size
Examples:
___________________
Measuring the mass
___________________
Phase changes, such as
Solid

Liquid

Gas

THREE TYPES OF CHANGES

3. Nuclear Change

smaller
Atoms are broken into ____________
atoms or combined
large
into ______________
atoms, producing completely
different
r kinds
____________________ of atoms.
Reactant atoms are completely different from product
atoms.
Tremendous amounts of energy are released.

CHEMISTRY CONCEPTS
Crash Course Kids - Conservation of Mass

Law of Conservation of Mass: the number of

atoms
__________________
of reactant must be exactly
equal
atoms
_______________
to the number of ________________
of
product
balanced
____________________. A _______________________
chemical equation must
have equal numbers of
product
reactant and ______________________ atoms. You balance
a chemical
equation by changing the
coefficients
______________________ in front of the chemical
formulas.

3H + 3OH 3

H2O

Crash Course Kids - Reactants & Products

CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL
CHANGE?
a) Paper burning C
b) Firecracker exploding C
c) Ice melting to water P
P

d) Cutting lumber to make picture frames

e) Digestion of food in an animal

f) Cutting a tree with a saw or ax

USING THE PH SCALE

Below
Acids have pH values of: ___________________
7
Above 7

Bases have pH values of: ___________________

7
A neutral substance has a pH value of: _____

Cleaners and soaps have pH values that are :

Above 7
________________
Stomach acid, battery acid,Below
citric7fruit all have pH
values that are between: ________________
Adding an acid to a base results
7
in a neutralized
solution of water and salt: _____

Same scale, just represented

differently.
Below 7 is still acidic.
7 is still neutral.
Above 7 is still basic.
pH Scale